The Austrian Imperial-Royal Army (Kaiserliche-Königliche Heer) 1805 – 1809:

The Infantry

By Enrico Acerbi

The Austrian Imperial-Royal Army

Kaiserliche-Königliche Heer 1805 – 1809

Regular Infantry Ordered by Recruitment District

Bohemia (Czech: Čechy; German: Böhmen) is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands, currently the Czech Republic. In a broader meaning, it often refers to the entire Czech territory, including Moravia and Czech Silesia, especially in historical contexts, such as the Kingdom of Bohemia.

Czechs are the people of Moravia and Bohemia, but they were above all in this latter region, and they are the 2/3 of the whole population. They could be divided into two large groups: those who dwelled the central part of the region and those who lived near the Saxon-Bavarian borders. True Bohemians were only those living in the central territories (Circles of Rakonitz, Prachin , Czaslau , Béraun and Kaurzim). There practically was utilized only the Bohemian language, while along the borders the largest part of the people spoke German.

In Austria people who spoke only Bohemian (Czech) were called Stokböhmisch while the German speaking people were the Utraquistes. [i]

Circles (Districts) see map-image above (datas from a 1814 gazeteer)

Beraun (Czech: Beroun). Beroun was originally called na Brodě (by the ford), and received the name of Bern, Berun or Verona in the 13th century, when it obtained the privileges of a city from the emperor Charles IV, who was specially attached to the place, calling it "Verona mea." It was on the Beroun river and siege of a battle (1744) between Austrians and Prussians. The whole Circle had around 132.500 inhabitants in 1814.

Budweis (Czech: České Budějovice - German: Budweis or Böhmisch Budweis, also Budjegowitz, often referred to simply as Budweis in English) was the largest city in the South Bohemian Region and main town of the District. Sited on the river Malsch near its confluence into the large Moldaw. Budweis in 1814 had over 600 houses and around 5500 inhabitants. Main towns were:

Krumau (Český Krumlov), south east of Budweis, at the Austrian border, had around 560 houses and 4000 inh. It had an unusually large castle for the town dimensions.

Tabor (Hradiště Hory Tábor or castle of the mount Tabor) was part of the same military Circle; its name means also camp) was a fortress (south east of Časlau), very close to the Moldaw river. In 1814 had 400 houses and around 3000 inhabitants. At the time part of the Budweis District.

Bunzlau (modern Jungbunzlau and current Mladà Boleslav in Czech). The old town (Starà Boleslav) is now part of city Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav (Brandeis-Altbunzlau). In the 17th and 18th centuries, Mladá Boleslav was an important Jewish center and a Royal castle. In this period, about one half of the town's population was Jewish. Sited on an hill named Hrohka it had 350 houses and 2580 inhabitants. Main towns of the Kreis were:

Reichemberg (Czech: Liberec; at that time also Liberk or Habersdorf) was one of the largest towns in Bohemia with 10.000 inh. and was a border town (Silesia).

Turnau (Czech: Turnov) town on the Jizera river in the northern Bohemia. At the time it was part of the Bunzlau Kreis.Turnau on the Iser river had 300 houses and 2000 inhabitants. It was a town renowned for the gemstones artisans and the Valdštejn Castle, the cradle of the famous Wallenstein family.

Bydzòw or Bidschow (Czech: Bydžov) had 390 houses and 2900 inhabitants. Main towns of this central Kreis were:

Arnau (Czech: Hostinné) walled town on the Elbe with 230 houses and 1260 inhabitants.
Starkenbach (Czech: Jilemnice) near the Iser river, 220 houses and 660 inhabitants.
Hohenelbe (Czech: Vrchlabí) on the Elbe river, 360 houses and 2300 inh.
Gitschin  (Czech: Jićin) In 1710 the town became a property of the House of Trauttmansdorff and in 1814 had around 460 houses and 2400 inhabitants.

Časlau (German: Tschaslau, Csaslau; Czech also Čáslav) south of Königgrätz with only 200 houses and 2000 inhabitants, but site of the grave of Jan Ziska, chief of the Hussite movement. Main towns of the Circle were:

Kuttenberg (Czech: Kutna or Kutna Hora) a free town of 716 houses and 4000 souls. Famous for the silver mines.

Chrudim During the reign of Maria Theresa, Chrudim became the centre of the region and, in 1751, the seat of regional offices. The town was not only the natural but also the administrative centre of Chrudim region which had 760 villages and around 248.000 inhabitants. Main towns of the Circle were:

Landskron (Czech: Lanškroun) at the Moravian borde and town of the princes Liechtenstein.
Pardubitz (Czech: Pardubiće).

Elbogen (Czech: Loket) a small town surrounded on three sides by the Ohře River, with 241 houses and 2000 souls. The Circle was practically the territory of Egerland, a German speaking land. Main towns of the Circle were:

Eger (Czech: Cheb) a large town of 740 houses and around 4000 inhabitants, former leader of the District.
Carlsbad (Czech: Karlovy Vary) on the river Töpl, 4400 inhabitants, 1500 houses.

Kaurim or Kaurzim (Czech: Kouřim) was a free Royal town on the Elbe river. It was a little town chief of a Circle of around 145.400 inhabitants. The main cities of the Kreis were: Kolin, site of a famous battle, with 400 houses and 2000 souls. Böhmisch Brod (Czech: Český Brod), Royal walled town, and Brandeis (Czech: Brandýs) then separated from Alt-Bunzlau.

Klattau (Czech: Klatovy) free Royal town at the Bavarian border with around 3000 inhabitants and 450 houses. The Circle had around 140.000 souls, mainly speaking German. Others town of the Circle were:

Taus (Czech: Tauš, current Domažlice) walled town on the road to eastern Bavaria.
Ronsperg (Czech: Ronšperk, current Poběžovice) was a town of Counts Thun und Hohenstein.

Königgrätz (Czech: Hradec Králové). Northern populated Kreis with around 264.000 souls at the Silesian borders, its main town was sited on the Elbe and had around 5000 inhabitants with 700 houses. Was one of the most famous Austrian fortresses. Several churches and convents were pulled down to make way for the fortifications erected under Joseph II, finally dismantled in 1884.

Another large fortress was at Josefstadt (Czech: Josefov, today Jaroměř). Over 1780 to 1787, the Emperor Joseph II built on the left bank of the Elbe and Mettau rivers, the imperial fortress Ples. Later this conurbation took the name of Josefstadt (Joseph town). In 1948 the fortress town was renamed Josefov and incorporated into Jaroměř.

Leitmeritz (Czech: Litoměřice) town of 3000 inhabitants close to the capital Prague on the river Elbe and close to the Saxon border. This Circle had around 300.000 inhabitants and had important border garrisons like Bilin and Tetschen.

Pilsen (Czech: Plzeň) a Royal town of around 5000 souls and 420 houses. The Kreis had around 170.000 inhabitants and the main town were Mies, Plan and Teinitz or Bischofteinitz (Czech: Horšovský Týn) walled town with an old fortress.

Prachin (Czech: Prácheň). It was a large Circle with around 270.000 inhabitants. Officially “Provincia Prachinensi”s or Prachens in German, autonomous region in the southwest of the present Bohemia, created in the late 13th century and abolished by the Austrian Empire's regional reform in 1848. Its boundaries extended through the Bohemian Forest (Gabreta, Böhmerwald or Šumava) in the south, on towards Budweis then to the north, close to the town of Příbram and from here southwest to Markt Eisenstein (Železná Ruda). Ethnic groups of the region included Jews, Roma, Czechs and Germans and by religion were Roman Catholics and Jews. The central geographical feature of the Prachens region is the Otava river or in the local dialect Wotāva. Other principal towns of the former Prachens are Pisek, Strakonitz (Strakonice), Rosenthal (Rožmitál), Winterberg (Vimperk) and Horaschdowitz (Horažďovice) feudal town of the Löwenstein family. These were alss the lands of the Schwarzenberg family.

Prague (Praha, the capital) on the Moldava river, it was the second city of the Empire. In 1814 had around 80.000 inhabitants, 32.000 houses and 8000 garrison soldiers. Since it was the capital of Bohemia, its citizens were commonly engaged in statal/regional jobs, schools and religious affairs. So there was an high number of recruitment exemptions, to which the city supplied with many volunteers and city troopers (Bürger units).

The people from suburbs were commonly enlisted in the nearby Districts like Rakonitz and Beraun.

Rakonitz (Czech: Rakovník) it was a Districts full of hills and woods with, only, 130000 inhabitants. Rakonitz on the Elbe river had around 2700 inhabitants and 347 houses in 1814. Its territory included also the great fortress of Theresienstadt (Czech: Terezín). Its construction started in 1780 and lasted ten years. The total area of the fortress was 3.89 km². The fortification was designed in the tradition of Sébastian le Prestre de Vauban. In peacetime it held 5655 soldiers, and in wartime around 11000 soldiers could be placed here, and neighbouring areas could be inundated.  

Saaz (Czech: Žatec) it was another mainly German speaking District with around 116.000 souls. Saaz was a Royal town on the Eger river. Brüx (Czech: Most, bridge) was another walled and fortified (castle) town of this Kreis. Another important town of the area was Chomotau (Czech: Chomutov).

January 1809 Military Territorial Defense and Austrian Resident Units in Bohemia

at the beginning of campaign and before complete commitment of the Landwehr battalions

Territorial commander (ad interim): FZM Count Riesch

Vice-commander and Landwehrinspektor: FML Baron von Loudon

Territorial Division GM Johann von Richter

Schüttenhofen Landwehr Brigade oberst Rosenhayn

Janowitz – 1st Landwehr battalion Klattau
Welhartitz – 2nd Landwehr battalion Klattau
Schüttenhofen – 3rd Landwehr battalion Klattau
Bergreichenstein – 3rd Landwehr battalion Prachin
Winterberg – 4th Landwehr battalion Prachin

Strakonitz Landwehr Brigade GM Johann von Richter

Frauenberg – 1st Landwehr battalion Budweis
Budweis – 2nd Landwehr battalion Budweis
Höritz – 3th Landwehr battalion Budweis
Prachatitz – 1st Landwehr battalion Prachin
Strakonitz – 2nd Landwehr battalion Prachin
Wodnan – IR 54 Froon Depotdivision– 2 companies
Pisek – IR 25 Zedzwitz Depotdivision– 2 companies
Horazdiowitz – Reserve (Depot) squadron Uhlans Schwarzemberg

Territorial Division GM Johann Friedrich von Oberndorf

Elbogen Landwehr Brigade oberst von Ullrich

territory – 1st Landwehr battalion Elbogen
territory – 2nd Landwehr battalion Elbogen
territory – 3rd Landwehr battalion Elbogen

Elbogen Landwehr Brigade GM von Oberndorf

territory – 1st Landwehr battalion Pilsen
territory – 2nd Landwehr battalion Pilsen
territory – 3rd Landwehr battalion Pilsen
Elbogen – IR 35 Erzherzog Johann Depotdivision– 2 companies

Territorial Division GM Johann von Schöntal

Sandau Landwehr Brigade Oberst Count Waldstein

Bautzen – 2nd Landwehr battalion Leitmeritz
Tetschen – 3rd Landwehr battalion Leitmeritz
Böhmische Kamnitz – 5th Landwehr battalion Leitmeritz
Böhmische Leipa – 1st Landwehr battalion Bunzlau
Sandau – 4th Landwehr battalion Bunzlau

Auscha Landwehr Brigade GM Johann von Schöntal (later GM Baron Am-Ende)

Brozan – 1st Landwehr battalion Saaz
Lobositz – 2nd Landwehr battalion Saaz
Theresienstadt – 1st Landwehr battalion
Rakonitzudin – 2nd Landwehr battalion Rakonitz
Theresienstadt – 1st Landwehr battalion Leitmeritz
Theresienstadt – 4th Landwehr battalion Leitmeritz
Theresienstadt – 6th Landwehr battalion Bunzlau
Theresienstadt – IR 36 Kolowrat Depotdivision– 2 companies
Theresienstadt – IR 17 Reuss-Plauen Depotdivision – 2 companies
Auscha – Depot companies 3rd Feldjäger battalion
Theresienstadt – Reserve (Depot) squadron Klenau chevaulégers

Territorial Division GM Count Carl Kinsky

Jungbunzlau Landwehr Brigade Oberst Novak

Weisswasser – IR 42 Erbach Depotdivision– 2 companies
Jungbunzlau – IR 11 Rainer Depotdivision– 2 companies
Bakow (then Brüx) – Depot companies 1st Feldjäger battalion
Münchengrätz – Reserve (Depot) squadron Merveldt Uhlans
Jungbunzlau – Reserve (Depot) squadron Riesch Dragoons

Liebenau Landwehr Brigade GM Count Carl Kinsky

Reichenberg – 2nd Landwehr battalion Bunzlau
Turnau – 3rd Landwehr battalion Bunzlau
Liebenau – 5th Landwehr battalion Bunzlau
Böhmische Aicha – 2nd Landwehr battalion Kaurzim
Hühnerwasser – 3rd Landwehr battalion Časlau

Festungkommando Josefstadt GM Johann von Szénassy

Hohenelbe – 1st Landwehr battalion Bydzow
Kopildno – 2nd Landwehr battalion Bydzow
Jičin – 3rd Landwehr battalion Bydzow
Josefstadt – 4th Landwehr battalion Bydzow
Josefstadt – 1st Landwehr battalion Königgrätz
Politz – 2nd Landwehr battalion Königgrätz
Josefstadt – 3rd Landwehr battalion Königgrätz
Geiersberg – 4th Landwehr battalion Königgrätz
Königgrätz – 5th Landwehr battalion Königgrätz
Josefstadt – IR 18 Stuart Depotdivision– 2 companies
Josefstadt – IR 21 Rohan Depotdivision– 2 companies
Josefstadt (Jaromirz) – Depot companies 2nd Feldjäger battalion
Josefstadt – Reserve (Depot) squadron Blankenstein Hussars

Festungkommando Königgrätz GM Baron Franz Peter Ignaz De Baut

Polička – 1st Landwehr battalion Chrudim
Chotzen – 2nd Landwehr battalion Chrudim
Königgrätz – 3rd Landwehr battalion Chrudim
Chrudim – 4th Landwehr battalion Chrudim
Königgrätz – IR 28 Frelich Depotdivision– 2 companies
Königgrätz (then Prachatitz) – Depot companies 4th Feldjäger battalion

Territorial Division FML Baron Karl Joseph von Sterndhal

Prague Landwehr Brigade GM Count Franz Kinsky

Prague – 1st Landwehr battalion Prague
Prague – 2nd Landwehr battalion Prague
Prague – 1st Landwehr battalion Beraun
Prague – 2nd Landwehr battalion Beraun
Prague – 1st Landwehr battalion Kaurzim
Prague – 1st Landwehr battalion Časlau
Prague – 2nd Landwehr battalion Časlau
Prague – 1st Landwehr battalion Tabor
Prague – IR 47 Vogelsang Depotdivision– 2 companies
Alt-Bunzlau – Reserve (Depot) squadron Rosemberg chevaulégers
Detached in the Border – 6 Kordon companies. [ii]

At Prague it was organized an open bureau (an enlistment table or Werbtisch), where volunteers could enroll under a fee of 15 fl. (Konventionsmünze). The border Circles were now occupied by highest Corps Officers: Bellegarde at Saaz (I Corps), Hohenzollern at Prague (III Corps), prince Rosenberg at Pisek (IV Corps) and the Archduke Louis at Budweis (VI Corps). The Field commander of the Bohemian army was the Feldzeugmeister (FZM) Count Carl Kolowrat-Krakowsy, who went in war as commander of the II Corps.

January 1809 Austrian Regular Army Order of Battle in Bohemia

Field commander: FZM Count Carl Kolowrat-Krakowski

Pilsen Division FML Franz Weber von Trauenfels

Pilsen Brigade GM Baron Josef von Henneberg

Eger - IR 42 Erbach – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; III Bn on 4 Companies; plus Grenadier division)
Pilsen – IR 35 Erzherzog Johann -  (I and II Bns on 6 companies; III Bn on 4 Companies; Grenadier division)

1st Prague Division FML Baron Ludwig von Vogelsang

Prague Brigade GM chevalier Theodore de Wacquant-Geozelles

Prague city - IR 11 Erzherzog Rainer – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; III Bn on 4 Companies; Grenadier division)
Prague city - IR 10 Anton Mittrowsky – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; Grenadier division)
Prague city - IR 47 Vogelsang – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; III Bn on 4 Companies; Grenadier division)
Kuttenberg - IR 28 Frelich – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; III Bn on 4 Companies; Grenadier division)

2nd Prague Division FML Baron Thomas von Brady

Jungbunzlau Brigade GM Johann von Szénassy

Jungbunzlau - IR 18 vacant [iii] Stuart – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; III Bn on 4 Companies; Grenadier division)
Jičin - IR 21 Rohan – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; III Bn on 4 Companies; Grenadier division)

Chrudim Brigade GM Wenzel Buresch von Greifenbach

Chrudim - IR 15 Zach – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; Grenadier division)
Leitomischl - IR 57 Josef Colloredo – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; Grenadier division)
Landskron – 2nd Feldjäger battalion

3rd Prague Division FML Baron Josef von Ulm

Budweis Brigade GM Johann von Schöntal

Neuhaus - IR 54 Froon – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; III Bn on 4 Companies; Grenadier division)
Pisek - IR 25 vacant Zedzwitz – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; III Bn on 4 Companies; Grenadier division)
Prachatitz – 4th Feldjäger battalion

Leitmeritz Brigade GM Baron Carl Am-Ende

Brüx- IR 36 Kolowrat – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; III Bn on 4 Companies; Grenadier division)
Leitmeritz - IR 17 Reuss-Plauen – (I and II Bns on 6 companies; III Bn on 4 Companies; Grenadier division)
Tetschen – 3rd Feldjäger battalion

Prague 1st Cavalry Division FML Count Johann Klenau

Prague Cavalry Brigade GM Baron Ferdinand von Wintzingerode

Brandeis - 6th Chevaulégers Rosemberg – 8 squadrons
Gabel - 6th Hussars Blankenstein – 8 squadrons

Pardubitz cavalry brigade GM Baron Peter von Vécsey

Pardubitz - 5th Chevaulégers Klenau – 8 esc

Časlau cavalry brigade GM Count Johann Nostitz

Časlau  - 6th Dragoons Riesch – 6 squadrons

Prague 2nd Cavalry Division FML Count Carl Fresnel von Hennequin

Saaz Cavalry Brigade GM Count Ludwig Wallmoden-Gimborn

Saaz – 2nd Uhlans Schwarzemberg – 8 squadrons

Klattau Cavalry Brigade GM Count Carl Crenneville

Klattau – 1st Uhlans Merveldt – 8 squadrons
Taus – 1st Feldjäger battalion

Prague Division FML Anton von Szereday

Budweis Brigade Baron Ferdinand von Häring

Budweis – 4th Artillery reg. Unterberger – 9 companies
Josefstadt – Miners – 1 company
Königgrätz – Pioneers – 2 companies
Königgrätz – Sappers – 2 companies

Bohemian Regiments Recruitment 1809

Numbers in BOLD mean a temporary area of recruitment in order to help the main District to reach the stated strength.

Regular Infantry Regiments of Bohemia

K.K. IR  11 - FZM Erzherzog Rainer Joseph  – 3 Bns  (Archduke Rainer) [iv]

2nd Owner (Inhaber): from 1801 FML Count Vincenz Kolowrath-Liebsteinsky

Recruitment: 2 Depot companies Brig. and Div. Karl Kinsky in Prague under Riesch and Loudon. 

- before Aspern: Brigade GM Baron Theodor Wacquant-Geocelles, Division FML Josef von Ulm, I Corps Bellegarde.

- at Aspern: Hauptmann Murmann of the 2nd Bn distinguished during the assault at the Churchyard of Aspern. In the 2nd day of the battle, two comp. under Hauptmann Vernholz were at the Aspern defense. Both MTO. 

- at Wagram: Brig. Wacquant, Div. Dedovich, I Corps. Clash at Aderklaa. During the retreat the commander of the 1st battalion (Hauptmann Fabary) was mentioned for bravery. The regiment lost 95 men dead and 520 wounded.

- after Wagram: it fought at Znaim, on the hills of Oblas, Pumlitz and Tesswitz, losing other 6 dead and 120 wounded. Then retreated under their colonel command in the Brig. Fabre, Div. Henneberg, I Corps.

Note: it will change its pink facing/white buttons in dark blue/gold buttons from 1810.

K.K. IR 54 – FML Baron Joseph Froon von Kirchrath – 3 Bns [v]

Recruitment: Bohemia - Moravia. 2 Depotcompanies Brig. and Div. Richter under Riesch and Loudon

The regiment recruited till 1806 in Franconia. After it was assigned to Beraun in Bohemia with a supporting District in Galicia (Sambor and Sanok). From 1807 Budweis-Tabor.

- before Aspern: Brigade GM Carl von Fölseis, Div. Brady, II Corps and Brig. Fölseis, then Division FML Franz Weber von Treuenfels, II Corps. During the attack against Stadt-am-Hof (Ratisbon) distinguished itself the 3rd Bn under Oberstleutnant Taizon. Lost 31 dead, 141 wounded and 71 prisoners of the French. During the retreat GM Fölseis kept the 1st battalion inside Ratisbon in order to cover the cavalry retreat. The third battalion (Taizon) remained in reserve at Eisenstein and reached the regiment on June 30 before Wagram. The regiment was sent towards Hiller’s V Corps in order to try the link with the main army. At the time of the battle of Urfahr-Linz the 1st and 2nd battalions were under Brigade GM Andreas von Schneller, Division Franz Saint Julien-Waldsee, but in reserve.

- at Aspern: 2 Bns with Brigade GM Baron David Andrássy (in place of GM Koller), Division FML Baron Thomas von Brady, 3rd column FML prince Franz Xavier von Hohenzollern-Hechingen (II Corps). The regiment, deployed in square, fronted the French Cuirassiers charge. In the second day they were at the Esslingen [vii] clash. The Oberstleutnant Peter Gerditsch died at Aspern and the regiment lost 30 men dead, 154 wounded.

- at Wagram: Brig. Paar, Div. Brady, II Corps again 3 Bns. Attached to the Hardegg avant-garde the regiment deployed at Baumersdorf (Parmarsdorf), which was defended by Major Rothmund battalion. Regiment lost 76 men dead, 474 wounded, 292 were never found (dead or prisoners) and 28 were taken prisoners.

- after Wagram: at Znaim on the right bank of the Thaya river on the Oblas and Pumlitz hills, and town Tessnitz. with Brig. Quallenberg, Div. Buresch, II Corps. Then retreated in Hungary through Neutra till Pressburg.

K.K. IR 21 – FML Viktor Ludwig Prinz Rohan – 3 Bns

Recruitment: Bohemia. 2 Depotcompanies Brig Szénassy in Jaromirz, fortress Josefstadt under Riesch and Loudon . In February the battalion was at Gitschin then to Prague.

- before Aspern: detached Brigade, called “Light Corps”, [viii] Peter Vécsey, IV Corps Rosenberg then the first battalion sent under Brig. Peter Vécsey, I Res. Corps in reconnaissance toward Ratisbon, while 2nd and 3rd Bns under Oberstleutnant von Krause had the task to watch the Danube pontoon-bridges laid south east of Ratisbon. The provisional bridgehead was attacked by the French and the Austrians forced to return on the left Danube bank. The two battalions under bombardment lost 35 dead, 84 wounded and 111 missing. The first battalion left the watch at the Ratisbon stone-bridge without fights retreating till Cham and then to Budweis in Bohemia where the regiment was gathered under Brig. Wied Runkel, Div. Weber, II Corps.

- at Aspern: Brig. Altstern, Div. Ulm, II Corps and Brig. Wied Runkel, Div. FML Franz Weber von Treuenfels, II Corps Hohenzollern. The 3rd battalion (Krause) was committed for the attack towards Esslingen: losses of the regiment were 38 men dead, 169 wounded. During the night the regiment withdrew to Baumersdorf camp and there received some replacements. Commander Altstern commanded now a brigade.

- at Wagram: Brig. Altstern, Div. Ulm, II Corps the regiment, led by von Krause, with 1st battalion (Oberstleutnant Pfleger von Lindenfeld), 2nd Bn (Major de Chaudelot) and 3rd Bn (Oberstleutnant Müller von Hohenthal), deployed at Baumersdorf. The defense was stubborn with bayonet’s countercharges and led to many deads and around 200 wounded. On the second battle day the regiment was taken by crossing bombardments and had to retreat with the II Corps suffering a violent charge by the French cavalry. At Wagram it lost 5 officers dead, 14 wounded, 3 wounded and prisoners; 429 troopers dead, 696 wounded, 184 missing and 388 prisoners of the French.[ix] Brigadier Altstern (Div. Siegenthal then Ulm, II Corps) led the retreating regiment till the Thaya river.

- after Wagram: it did not take part at the Znaim battle. Retreated in Moravia and finally to the depot at Königgrätz).

K.K. IR 28 – FML Baron Michael Frelich (Frehlich, Fröhlich) – 3 Bns [x]

Recruitment: Bohemia. 2 Depotcompanies Brig. de Baut in Chrudim, fortress Königgrätz under Riesch and Loudon. Before 1806 it had recruited also in Upper Rhine territories.

- before Aspern: Brigade GM Carl von Fölseis, Div. FML Franz Weber von Treuenfels, II Corps Kolowrath. It had 66 officers and 3552 men. Then assigned to Brig. GM prince Friedrich von Wied-Runkel, Div. Brady, II Corps. Did not fight in Bavaria.

- at Aspern: Brig. Wied Runkel, Div. Weber, II Corps or 3rd column. The regiment reached Hirschstetten and deployed itself in three “battalions-massen” repulsing with fire a bloody charge by D’Espagne cuirassiers. The same scene repeated the day after. The regiment lost 32 dead, 233 wounded (of which 31 were made prisoners). At the end of June (Brig. Wied Runkel, Div. Brady, II Corps) replacements brougth the strength up to 4202 men.

- at Wagram: Defense of Baumersdorf: 3rd battalion was with Brig Wied Runkel, Div. Ulm, II Corps but the 1st and 2nd battalions were with avant-guard Hardegg inside the village. In the two days of the battle the regiment lost: 16 officers wounded (of which 4 died), 62 dead, 275 wounded, 190 missing and 276 taken prisoners.

- after Wagram: Battle of Znaim. Brig. Hardegg, Div. Ulm, II Corps. The regiment took position at Tief-Maispitz and Brenditz with the task of supporting and covering the retreat of the army reserve artillery. Other part of the unit retreated with IV Corps Rosemberg with Baron Carl Mécsery.

K.K. IR  17 – FML-FM Heinrich XV Prince Reuss Plauen – 3 Bns

Recruitment: Jungbunzlau District 2 Depotcompanies Brig. and Div. Schönthal in Pilsen under Riesch and Loudon.

- before Aspern: Brig. Am Ende, Div. Vogelsang, I Corps Bellegarde gathered at Plan and advanced (April 10) inside Bavaria. Also parte of the strong avant-garde of Baron Crenneville. On April 14 fought at Ursensollen. On April 20 approached Ratisbon seizing the city and forcing the French to surrender. Then retreated till Cham in the Brig. Henneberg, Div. Vogelsang, I Corps.

- at Aspern: Brig. Henneberg, Div. Vogelsang, I Corps or 2nd column, in which was the 3rd battalion. The other two battalions were with the Brig. Wacquant with IR 11 and IR 47 (Div. Ulm) and took part to the seizing of Aspern. It took part also at the 2nd day of the battle. Mentioned Obertsleutnant Count Bentheim and Major Seidenhofer. [xi]

- at Wagram: Brig. Henneberg, Div. Dedovich (under Wacquant’s provisional command), I Corps. Colonel Oberndorf defended the village of Deutsch-Wagram and was also wounded. Involved in the clash of Aderklaa. Mentioned the colonel, the two Majors Karg and Schlosser.

- after Wagram: Brig. and Div. Henneberg (maybe with Brig. Fabre), I Corps at Znaim fighting for the defense of the Teschwitz bridge.                            

K. IR  18 – FML Count Patrick Stuart [xii] (then) FML Baron Constantin D’Aspre – 3 Bns [xiii]

Recruitment: 2 Depotcompanies Brig. Szénassy in Jaromirz, fortress Josefstadt under Riesch and Loudon .

- before Aspern: 5527 men, 2nd Bn (Major Baron Carl Boeck), 3rd Bn (Oberstleutnant Wilhelm von Feuchtersleben) and 1st Bn were with Brigade GM prince Friedrich von Wied-Runkel, Div. Weber then Division FML Baron Thomas von Brady, II Corps Kolowrath. Two battalions with Wied-Runkel took part at the Kolowrath advance at Eckmühl. A division of the regiment undet Hauptmann Baron Imhoff defended the Jakobs-Tor at Ratisbon losing 5 men dead, 55 wounded and 220 prisoners.

The third battalion was detached to the IV Corps (April 6) and sent to reach the connection with the retreating V and VI Corps, with the Landwehr Brigade GM Richter and then with the Brigade GM Rudolf von Sinzendorff, both under FML Dedovich. The battalion was ordered to defend the powerful bridgehead of Oberhaus being part of the Oberst Grätze detachment (a colonel of a Border Regiment or Grenzer). But the French advance forced to send away guns and ammunitions of Oberhaus, sending them to Linz by boats. One division of the battalion remained at Oberhaus, another at Passau.

The Div. Dedovich was attached to the V Corps Hiller and was in reserve in the woods behind Ebelsberg, on the right Danube bank. The 3rd battalion was sent to support the Vienna Volunteers inside the town and it lost 16 men dead, 22 wounded, 10 prisoners and 208 missing. Then retreated to Vienna and joined the main army on the left Danube bank.

The other two battalions remained with the Brig. Wied Runkel, Div. Weber, II Corps in Bohemia. The three battalions assembled together before Aspern. On May 1st Major Kirchlebsky left for a different command. The 1st Bn was now under Boeck and the 3rd under Major Lorenz Volk.

- at Aspern: Brig. Wied Runkel, Div. Weber, II Corps and during the battle to Brig. Altstern, Div. Ulm, II Corps, after the death of FML Franz Weber von Treuenfels. The regiment took part to all clashes of the Wied Runkel Brigade (expecially Esslingen assault). The losses were: 72 dead, 689 wounded, 157 prisoners.

- between Aspern and Wagram: its Owner became D’ Aspre. [xiv] Brig. Wied Runkel, Div. Ulm, II Corps.

- at Wagram: Brig Wied Runkel, Div. Ulm, II Corps then Brig. Wied Runkel, Div. Siegenthal, [xv] II Corps and again Brig. Wied Runkel, Div Ulm, II Corps. During the battle the regiment was in the second line (with IR 28) protecting the road of Baumersdorf. For some time it was led directly by Hardegg, who was in the town.

- after Wagram: Brig Wied Runkel, Div. Ulm, II Corps. The regiment was at Znaim behind the cavalry Reserve between Blenditz and Maispitz. Then retreated in Bohemia reaching in autumn the new Depot location of Gitschin.

K.K. IR 36 – FZM Count Carl Kolowrath-Krakowsky – 3 Bns [xvi]

Recruitment: 2 Depotcompanies Brig. and Div. Schönthal in Pilsen, under Riesch and Loudon.

- before Aspern: Brig. Am Ende, Div. FML Ludwig Vogelsang, I Corps Bellegarde then Brig. GM Baron Josef Henneberg, Div. Vogelsang, I Corps. Did not fight any battle.

- at Aspern: Brig. Henneberg, Div. Vogelsang, I Corps . The regiment deployed in fron of Hirschstetten. The commander of the 3rd Bn Hauptmann Baron Bienefeld distinguished himself during the attack against Aspern’s Churchyard. The regiment lost 7 officers and 127 men dead, 21 officers and 595 men wounded; 204 men missing (a total of 28 officers and 928 men, the largest losses of the I Corps). On May 27 FML Vogelsand retired himself and gave the command to FML Nostitz. Colonel Klenau was promoted Generalmajor and left the command to the (fresh) colonel Fischer, while the former Major Senitzer became Oberstlieutenant.

On June 22 the regiment received 800 replacement troopers and FML Nostitz left for another command. The division was provisionaly led by GM Wacquant. Colonel Fischer, ill, left the command to Oberstleutnant Wappel, while the 1st battalion was now under Hauptmann Haberein.

- at Wagram: Brig. Henneberg, Div. (column) Dedovich, under provisional command of Wacquant, I Corps. The regiment deployed behind the Russbach creek. The 3rd battalion (Haberein) sent, autonomous, went behind the village of Wagram, was attached to the Stutterheim vanguard. During the night Brig. Henneberg, Div. Fresnel, I Corps (1st and 2nd battalions). The 3rd battalion then took part at the defense of Aderklaa with the other two battalions. The I Corps then retreated to Gerarsdorf. The regiment lost 67 men dead, 324 wounded (was also wounded the interim commander Wappel who left the command to Major Rasquin), 6 prisoners and 390 missing. Captain Haberein was awarded with the MTO Cross.

- after Wagram: Brig. Henneberg, Div. Henneberg (interim), I Corps . The provisional brigade camped on the Weingebirge in front of Znaim. Colonel Fischer take again command. After the hard battle the regiment lost its former commader Wappel and other 91 men dead, 496 wounded, 14 prisoners and 275 missing.

Note: facings of the regiment got the ancient name of colour “gris de lin”. From 1807 it was also called as Leinblüthenfarbe; from 1860 also Blaßrot.

K.K. IR  42 – FML-FZM Carl Eugen Erbach Schönberg  – 3 Bns [vii]

Recruitment: Bohemia. 1 Depotcompanies Brig. Ullrich in Elbogen, Div. Karl Kinsky under Riesch and Loudon. Depotdivision at Theresienstadt.

- before Aspern: Brigade GM Count Johann Nostitz, Division FML Ludwig Vogelsang, I Corps Bellegarde (2 Bns), and 3rd Bn with the II Reserve Corps then to Brigade autonome GM Baron Carl von Am-Ende in Bohemia to watch the Saxon borders at Pascopol. Regiment with Brigade Nostitz, Division FML Count Johann Fresnel von Hennequin, I Corps.

- at Aspern: Brigade Nostitz, Division Fresnel von Hennequin, I Corps. Deployed on the hills behind Gerasdorf. It took part to the assault at Aspern. Later with the Brig. Clary, Div. Fresnel, I Corps then Brig. Schaeffer, Div. Nostitz, I Corps then Brig. Nostitz, Div. Fresnel, I Corps. Colonel Rousseau left after a severe wound and the command went to colonel von Brixen.

- between Aspern and Wagram: 3rd Bn always with the independent Brig. Am Ende under Kienmayer Corps.

- at Wagram: Brig. Clary, Div. Fresnel, I Corps. The regiment was between Baumersdorf and Wagram. During an attack died its commander and was substituted by Major Fromm. On the second day of the battle the regiment was between Aderklaa and Wagram. Also the new regiment commander died during an attack. The regiment was now under Major Schober. The 2nd battalion (Hauptmann Höckner) seized Aderklaa. As award for having fought in a so brave way the regiment got the honour to be allowed to play the “Grenadiersmarsch in every occurrence desired ...”. Archduke Charles himself mentioned the bravery of the Erbach’s Leibbattalion (the 1st).

- after Wagram: Brig. Clary, Div. Fresnel, I Corps and return to Bohemia. The total losses of the two Erbach battalions during the summer were: 18 officers and 900 men, of which 3 officers and 49 men dead.

Note: this famous regiment had often nicknames like “42er” (Zweiundvierziger) or the “Erbacher”.                                                                                        

K.K. IR 35  – Erzherzog Johann Nepomuk (from May) FZM Count Eugen Argenteau – 3 Bns [xviii]

Recruitment: Bohemia. 2 Depotcompanies Brig. and Div. Karl Kinsky in Pilsen under Riesch and Loudon.

before Aspern: mobilized as Rgt. Archduke Johann Nepomuk in Brigade GM Baron Ferdinand Wintzingerode-Ohmfeld, Division FML Count Johann Fresnel von Hennequin, I Corps Bellegarde. Successively in Brig. Henneberg, Div. Vogelsang, I Corps and then also Brig. Wartensleben, Div. Fresnel, I Corps. In April it was on the Kieselberg hills near Ursensollen, where Hauptmann Baron Hromada (then promoted to major) attacked the French in the wood, repulsing them with two companies of the regiment. On May 1st the regiment was given to FZM Count Argenteau.

- at Aspern: Brigade GM Count Johann Nostitz (Brig. Lützel ?), Div. Fresnel, I Corps and Brig. Schäffer, Div. Nostitz, I Corps or 2nd Column during the battle. At 3 PM it attacked Aspern village with the 1st battalion and part of the 2nd. The 3rd battalion was in reserve. The regiment lost: 3 officer and 85 men dead, 10 officers and 544 men wounded, 116 men prisoners or missing. Later it was again in the Brig. Wartensleben, Div. Fresnel, I Corps.

- between Aspern and Wagram: for a short period it trained with the Div. Nordmann, Avantgarde left Wing .

- at Wagram: Brig. Motzen, Div. Fresnel, I Corps (interim led by colonel Schäffer). The regiment took position at Baumersdorf. The Oberstleutnant Matthias Dittmayer, with his 16th company, assaulted and conquered one enemy gun, one Eagle of the 116e infantry and around 200 prisoners, receiving the MTO Cross award. During the 2nd battle-day the regiment was between Wagram and Baumersdorf.

- after Wagram: Brig. Schäffer, Div. Fresnel, I Corps . At Znaim the regiment deployed on Esseklee hills. It received order to stop the passages through the Thaya river at Mühlfrauen and Tasswitz. During the combats the regiment lost 7 men dead and 133 wounded.

K.K. IR 25 – FML Count  Franz Julius Zedtwitz (but formally Vacant) – 3 Bns [xix]

Till 1806 it was the “Bavarian” regiment having Reichswerbung at Salzburg, Passau and Ratisbon and it was supported by the Galician Kreis Stanislau. After 1807 it became a Bohemian unit recruiting in Pisek and partially at Klattau. That was the so called Prachiner area. Recruitment: 2 Depotcompanies Brig. and Div. Richter in Pisek under Riesch and Loudon.

- Before Aspern: Brig. GM Carl von Fölseis, Div. Brady, II Corps Kollowrath then Avantgarde FML Count Johann Klenau, II Corps. On April 17 it fought a clash at Weichs with its 7th division (Hauptmann Theiss), then came to Ratisbon to garrison the city and was engaged first in the attack of Stadt-am-Hof, then in the town defense where, for the main part, it was taken prisoner after an hard struggle, losing, as prisoners, 2 Staff’s and 23 officers with the colonel commander Kurz, and up to 1522 troopers (65 dead and 100 wounded). General Fölseis led the garrison

The regiments was completely reorganized (May 10 at Zwettel) after the Ratisbon affair. Later was with the Brig. Oberst Baron Franz Koller [xx] (GM after May 18), Div. FML Baron Thomas von Brady, II Corps, now, Hohenzollern. The new Staff was Oberst Quallenberg, commander, Major von Annaker (1st Bn), Major Eckhardt (2nd Bn) and Oberstleutnant Kirchlepsky (3rd Bn).

- at Aspern: before the battle beginning it was (reorganizing) Brig. Paar, Div. GM Wenzel Buresch von Greifenbach, II Corps Hohenzollern became Brig. Koller, Div. Brady, II Corps and finally to the Brig. David Andrássy, Div. Brady, II Corps Hohenzollern (3rd column). It deployed in line near Wagram and was ordered to attack Aspern village. During the first battle-day, colonel Quallenberg was wounded and the command was taken by Kirchlepsky. At Aspern the regiment lost 156 men dead, 592 wounded and 51 missing.

- at Wagram: Brig. Count Paar, Div. Brady (then von Buresch – interim), II Corps. The regiment deployed at Baumersdorf where it sufered an heavy bombardment. The orders for the following day were to sustain the line behind the Russbach creek. Tactical orders were to spread out some skirmishers (Plänklers) screens and to deploy in battalion Masses (eventually forming Squares). After having suffered utter heavy bombing, after having partially seized again Baumersdorf the regiment was charged by the French cavalry. The Square were not enough to avoid the retreat and the units reached Enzelsfeld. Losses were heavy: 53 dead, 536 wounded, 11 prisoners and 99 missing men.

- after Wagram: the 1st battalion (now Major Eckhardt) retreated with the IV Corps Rosenberg, attached to the rearguard of Radetzky till Laa. Then it was formed a new rearguard brigade, with all the remnants of II Corps units, under the command of Baron Carl Mécsery (IR 28). The regiment was in the Brig. Oberst Carl von Quallenberg, Div. von Buresch, II Corps. It withdrew till Klein-Tesswitz where it was deployed, reaching after Znaim and Winau where it was during the battle, without fighting. By January 1st, 1810 the regiment will be property of FML Thierry de Vaux.

K.K. IR  47 – FML-FZM Baron Ludwig Vogelsang – 3 Bns [xxi]

Recruitment: Bohemia 2 Depotkomp Brig and Div. Karl Kinsky in Prague under Riesch and Loudon

- before Aspern: in March had, commander Oberst Joseph Weiss von Finkenau, Oberstleutnant Heinrich Van der Gracht, 1st major Ludwig Grötz, 2nd major Johann Frisch. Commander of the Prague depot division Oberstleutnant Michael Aichinger; marched with the Brigade GM Baron Theodor Wacquant-Geocelles, Division FML Josef von Ulm, I Corps Bellegarde.

- at Aspern: Brig. Wacquant, Div. Dedovich, I Corps then Brig. Wacquant, Div. Ulm, I Corps. The regiment attacked the village of Aspern, aflame. The losses were: 42 men dead, 413 wounded, 111 prisoners, 90 missing.

- between Aspern and Wagram: Weiss was promoted and left the command to Oberst Bentheim- Steinfurt, while the regiment received 800 new recruits.   

- at Wagram: Brig. Wacquant, Div. Dedovich (under Wacquant provisional command), I Corps. The regiment occupied the left wing of the Austrian first line behind the Russbach creek. After a French attack and the counterattack general Wacquant was wounded and left command to GM Henneberg. On the second day battle the regiment was sent, in reserve, behind Wagram (now Brig. Clary, Div. Dedovich, I Corps). The French breakthrough at Baumersdorf threatened a surrounding maneuver against Wagram. So the regiment deployed and countercharged the French two times. The regiment lost: 75 men dead, 563 wounded, 359 prisoners and 151 missing.

- after Wagram: Brigade Oberst von Faber (Fabre), Div. Henneberg, I Corps. At Znaim it had a marginal part, being present to some skirmishing actions on the Weinbergen hills. There it lost 1 dead, 52 prisoners and 53 missing men. On July 27 the regiment came in the Div. Fresnel.

Archduke Charles: “Der Schutz des Vaterlandes ruft uns zu neuer Thaten”

(The Fatherland’s Shield calls us to new Events) or

1809 Austrian Resident Units in Bohemia

Situation after commitment of the Landwehr battalions with the Field Army and their following reorganization. Note some Depots approached the new Frontline.

Territorial commander (interim): FZM Count Riesch

Vice-comm. and Landwehrinspektor: FML Baron von Loudon

Territorial Division GM Johann von Richter

Landwehr Brigade Oberst Rosenhayn at Horazdiowitz

Horazdiowitz – Depot companies 1st Feldjäger battalion
Wollin – Depot companies 2nd Feldjäger battalion
Bergreichenstein – 3rd Landwehr battalion Prachin
Winterberg – 4th Landwehr battalion Prachin
Welhartitz – 2nd Landwehr battalion Klattau
Schüttenhofen – 3rd Landwehr battalion Klattau

Landwehr Brigade GM Johann von Richter at Pisek

Frauenberg – IR 54 Froon Depotdivision – 2 companies
Pisek - IR 25 Zedzwitz Depotdivision – 2 companies
Nepomuk – Reserve (Depot) squadron Merveldt Uhlans
Frauenberg – 1st Landwehr battalion Budweis
Budweis – 2nd Landwehr battalion Budweis
Höritz – 3th Landwehr battalion Budweis
Prachatitz – 1st Landwehr battalion Prachin
Strakonitz – 2nd Landwehr battalion Prachin

Territorial Division GM Count Carl Kinsky

Landwehr Brigade Oberst von Ullrich at Elbogen

Buchau - Reserve (Depot) squadron Uhlans Schwarzemberg
Luditz – IR 42 Erbach Depotdivision – 2 companies
territory – 1st Landwehr battalion Elbogen
territory – 2nd Landwehr battalion Elbogen
territory – 3rd Landwehr battalion Elbogen

Landwehr Brigade GM Count Carl Kinsky at Pilsen

Rokitzan - IR 35 Erzherzog Johann Depotdivision – 2 companies
territory – 1st Landwehr battalion Pilsen
territory – 2nd Landwehr battalion Pilsen
territory – 3rd Landwehr battalion Pilsen
territory – 1st Landwehr battalion Saaz
territory – 2nd Landwehr battalion Saaz

Territorial Division GM Johann von Schöntal

Landwehr Brigade Oberst Count Waldstein at Pilsen

territory – 2nd Landwehr battalion Leitmeritz
territory – 3rd Landwehr battalion Leitmeritz
territory – 5th Landwehr battalion Leitmeritz

Landwehr Brigade Oberst Novak at Jungbunzlau

Jungbunzlau – Depot companies 3rd Feldjäger battalion
territory – 1st Landwehr battalion Bunzlau
territory – 2nd Landwehr battalion Bunzlau
territory – 3rd Landwehr battalion Bunzlau
territory – 4th Landwehr battalion Bunzlau
territory – 5th Landwehr battalion Bunzlau

Landwehr Brigade GM Johann von Schöntal at Leitmeritz

Theresienstadt – 1st Landwehr battalion Rakonitz
Theresienstadt – 1st Landwehr battalion Leitmeritz
Theresienstadt – 4th Landwehr battalion Leitmeritz
Theresienstadt – 6th Landwehr battalion Bunzlau
Theresienstadt – IR 36 Kollowrath Depotdivision – 2 companies
Theresienstadt – IR 17 Reuss-Plauen Depotdivision – 2 companies
Melnik – Reserve (Depot) squadron Blankenstein Hussars

Festungkommando Josefstadt GM Johann von Szénassy at Jaromirž

Hohenelbe – 1st Landwehr battalion Bydzow
Kopildno – 2nd Landwehr battalion Bydzow
Jičin – 3rd Landwehr battalion Bydzow
Josefstadt – 4th Landwehr battalion Bydzow
Josefstadt – 1st Landwehr battalion Königgrätz
Politz – 2nd Landwehr battalion Königgrätz
Josefstadt – 3rd Landwehr battalion Königgrätz
Geiersberg – 4th Landwehr battalion Königgrätz
Königgrätz – 5th Landwehr battalion Königgrätz
Josefstadt – IR 18 Stuart Depotdivision – 2 companies
Josefstadt – IR 21 Rohan Depotdivision – 2 companies
Josefstadt – Reserve (Depot) squadron Klenau chevaulégers
Jaromirž – Depot companies 4th Feldjäger battalion

Festungkommando Königgrätz GM Baron Franz Peter Ignaz De Baut at Chrudim

Polička – 1st Landwehr battalion Chrudim
Chotzen – 2nd Landwehr battalion Chrudim
Königgrätz – 3rd Landwehr battalion Chrudim
Chrudim – 4th Landwehr battalion Chrudim
Königgrätz – IR 28 Frelich Depotdivision – 2 companies
Königgrätz – Reserve (Depot) squadron Riesch Dragoons

Territorial Division GM Count Franz Kinsky

Landwehr Brigade GM Count Franz Kinsky – Prague Brigade

Prague – 1st Landwehr battalion Prague
Prague – 1st Landwehr battalion Beraun
Prague – 2nd Landwehr battalion Beraun
Prague – 2nd Landwehr battalion Rakonitz
Prague - IR 11 Rainer Depotdivision – 2 companies
Prague – IR 47 Vogelsang Depotdivision – 2 companies Brandeis – Reserve (Depot) squadron Rosemberg chevaulégers

Landwehr Brigade GM von Oberndorf at Časlau

Časlau – 1st Landwehr battalion Časlau
Časlau – 2nd Landwehr battalion Časlau
Časlau – 3rd Landwehr battalion Časlau
Časlau – 1st Landwehr battalion Kaurzim
Časlau – 2nd Landwehr battalion Kaurzim

Landwehr Provisional Gruppe GM Joseph ? von Richter - Tabor

territory – 1st Landwehr battalion Tabor
territory – 2nd Landwehr battalion Tabor

1809 Austrian Resident Units in Bohemia – May 1809

Army of Bohemia

Commander in Chief: Generalissimus FM Archduke Charles of Austria
Adjutant: GM Johann von  Delmotte
Aides-de-camp: FML Count Philipp Grünne, GM Count Josef Colloredo, Oberst Baron Maximilian von Wimpffen, Oberstleutnant Count Maximilian Auersperg, Oberstleutnant Baron Raban von Spiegel
Aides d’aile: Major Count Johann Wratislaw, Major Prince Heinrich Reuss-Köstritz
General Quartermaster : GM Johann von Prochaska
Chief of the Artillery: FML Archduke Maximilian d' Este
General Staff Troops: 1 Stabsdragoner Sqn., 1 Stabsinfanterie-division
Engineers: 3 companies Pontooners with 145 Pontoons, 1st and 4th companies Sappers, 1 company Military Border Bn. Tchaikisten.

III Corps or General Command of (Protection) Troops in Bohemia

FML Count Carl Kolowrat-Krakowsky

21000 inf., 1500 cav.
artillery : 52 pieces  (12/ 3 pdr; 28/ 6 pdr; 8 Horse/ 6 pdr; 4 howitzers/ 7 pdr).

Division Marquis Hannibal Sommariva

Brigade GM Count Carl Crenneville

9th “Grenz” Border Rgt. Peterwardein  - 2 Bns.
5th Jäger battalion Suden
6th Jäger battalion Zaborsky
1st Uhlans Rgt. Count Maximilian Merveldt –  6 Sqns.
Artillery: 1 horse battery 6 pdr.

Brigade Oberst Samuel von Giffling (the former brigade Kaiser)

IR 56 Count Wenzel Colloredo-Waldsee  - 3 Bns.
IR 7 FML Baron Carl Schröder von Lilienhof  - 3 Bns.
Detachment Oberst Kiszilevsky
4th Hussars Rgt. Friedrich Erbprinz zu Hessen Homburg – 6 Sqns.

Brigade GM Johann Friedrich von Oberndorf

Bohemian Landwehr: (Pilsen battalions n° 1 – 2 – 3 ; Chrudim battalions n° 1 – 4).

Autonomous Brigade GM Paul von Radivojevich

7200 inf.; 200 cav. Originally attached to the III Corps, then sent from Eisenstein till Eger (Saxon Border).

Detachment Oberst Count Wenzel Sporck (commander of the 1st Caslau Bn.)

1st Uhlans Rgt. Count Maximilian Merveldt –  2 Sqns.
12th “Grenz” Border Rgt. Deutsch-Banater  - 2 Bns.
Bohemian Landwehr: (Tabor battalions n° 1 – 2; Chrudim 2nd battalion ; Caslau 1st Bn. ; Königgrätz 4th Bn.).
“Grenz” Border Artillery: 8 pieces of 3 pdr.

Detachment Oberst von Ullrich

Bohemian Landwehr : (Elbogen battalions n° 1 – 2 – 3 - 4; Saaz 2nd Bn.)

Independent Brigade GM Baron Carl von Am-Ende

7200 inf., 600 cav. Originally attached to the III Corps, then sent to the Saxon Frontier.

1st Uhlans Rgt. Count Maximilian Merveldt –  1 Sqn.
2nd Uhlans Rgt. Prince Carl Philipp zu Schwarzenberg – 1 Sqn.
Jägerkorps Lobkowitz (volunteers) 1 company
Bohemian Landwehr: (Leitmeritz  battalions n° 1 – 2 – 3 - 4 ; Königgrätz 5th Bn. ; Bunzlau 6th Bn. Lobkowitz)
IR 42 Count Carl Eugen zu Erbach-Schönberg  - 3rd Bn.
IR 10 Baron Anton von Mittrowsky – 3rd Bn.
Detachment of Brunswick and Hesse: 3 companies and 4 Sqns.
Light brigade artillery: 8 pieces of 3 pdr.

Division Baron Philipp Vukassovich

Brigade GM Josef von Pfanzelter Former brigade Lilienberg

IR 12 FML Marquis Federico Manfredini - 3 Bns.
IR 23 Großherzog Ferdinand von Würzburg – 2 Bns.
Brigade artillery: 8 pieces of 6 pdr.

Brigade Oberst Count Wratislav von Mittrowitz und Schönfeld

Bohemian Landwehr: (Prague battalions n° 1 – 2; Beraun battalions n° 1 - 2; Caslau 2nd Bn.; Kaurzim 1st Bn.).

Division Count Franz Saint Julien-Waldsee

Brigade GM Josef von Bieber

IR 20 FZM Count Wenzel Kaunitz-Rietberg - 3 Bns.
IR 38 FM Duke Ferdinand von Württemberg - 2 Bns.
Brigade artillery: 8 pieces of 6 pdr.

Brigade GM Andreas von Schneller

4th Hussars Rgt. Friedrich Erbprinz zu Hessen Homburg – 2 Sqns.
Jägerkorps Lobkowitz (volunteers) 2/3 of Bn.
IR 54 Baron Joseph Froon von Kirchrath – 3rd Bn.
IR 57 Count Joseph Colloredo-Waldsee  - 3rd Bn.
Brigade artillery: 8 pieces of 6 pdr.

Bohemian Detached Corps Oberst Rosenhayn

5500 inf. inside the forest called Böhmerwald

Bohemian Landwehr: (Prachin battalions n° 1 – 2; Budweis battalions n° 1 – 2 - 3 ; Klattau battalions n° 1 – 2 – 3)

Independent Brigade GM Josef von Mayer

IR 23 Großherzog Ferdinand von Würzburg – 3rd Bn.
IR 38 FM Duke Ferdinand von Württemberg – 3rd Bn.
IR 50 Count Leopold Stain - 2 Bns.
Artillery: 8 pieces of 6 pdr.

Notes:

[i] Marcel de Serres, Voyage en Autriche, ou essai statistique et géographique sur cet empire: avec une carte physique, des coupes de nivellement, et divers tableaux comparatifs sur l'étendue et la population de l'Autriche, Arthus Bertrand, 1814.

[ii] Grenz-Kordon troops (not to be confused with the Military Border southern regiments) were rather Militia than infantry, whose duties were to serve at Customs watching the borders of the hereditary lands. The Kordon troopers of Bohemia were six companies led by an Oberstleutnant, whose office was at Prague. Each such company had an Hauptmann or a Capitän-leutnant, 1 Oberleutnant and 2 Unterleutnant, some taken from the retired officers (Pensionsstande) and some from the so called half-invalid men of the Line regiments (from which ranks also came the half-invalids Kordon troopers).

[iii] Vacant (Vakat) meant without actual Owner, while the former Owner’s name is provided.

[iv] Masak, Wenzel Stefan, Die tapferen und ausgezeichneten Thaten des k. k. Infanteire- Regimentes Nr. 11 seit seinem  Errichten 1629 bis zum Jahre 1887, Prague 1887.

[v] Neuwirth Victor Ritter von, Geschichte des k. u. k. Infanterie-Regimentes Alt Starhemberg Nr. 54,  Olmütz 1894.

[vi] Baron Andrássy was a very skilled commander. Born 1762 at Raab, enlisted in the 32nd regiment (1778) in which he became Oberleutnant. After the 1809 campaign he fought in Russia (1812) commanding the 33rd regiment distinguishing at Podubie where he obtained the rank of Generalmajor for his bravery. He died during the Dresden battle (1813) and was buried at Räcknitz.

[vii] Another (old) way to define the village of Essling.

[viii] Streffleurs (Österreichische) Militärische Zeitschrift, 1819 band 3 pag 293.

[ix] The regiment lost half of its strength (1727 men). Before the battle it had 4 Staff’s and 60 officers, 236 NCOs and 3336 troopers for a total of 3701 men.

[x] Schmedes Emil, Geschichte des k. k. 28. Infanterie-Regiments FZM. Ludwig Ritter von Benedek, Vienna 1878.

[xi] Streffleurs (Österreichische) Militärische Zeitschrift, 1847 band 2, pag 299.

[xii] FML Count patrick Stuart died at Prague on April 21, 1808, a year before the campaign beginning.

[xiii] Amon von Treuenfest, Gustav Ritter von, Geschichte des k. k. Infanterie-Regimentes Nr. 18, Constantin Grossfürst von Rußland, von 1682 bis 1882, Vienna,1882.

[xv] FML Bersina von Siegenthal, directly led the Light brigade Hardegg, during the battle.

[xvi] Bleibtreu S., Geschichte des k. k. 36. Linien-Infanterie-Regiments,  Prague 1875.

[xvii] Mayerhofer von Grünbühl, E. Frhr, Geschichte des Infanterie-Regimentes Nr. 42,  Vienna: 1874.

[xviii] May Joseph, Geschichte des kaiserlich und königlichen Infanterie-Regimentes No. 35, Pilsen 1901.

[xix] Count Zedzwitz died at Vienna on April 14, 1808.

Trautsch Alois, Geschichte des k. k. 25. Infanterie-Regiments FZM Freiherr Lazarus von Mamula, Prague 1875.

[xx] It was the former brigade Fölseis and will be the future brigade Paar at Wagram; the future brigade Quallenberg  after Wagram.

[xxi] Amon von Treuenfest, Gustav Ritter von, Geschichte des k. u. k. Infanterie-Regimentes Nr. 47, Vienna 1882.

Placed on the Napoleon Series: May 2010

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