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Austrian Generals

1792-1815

A

Abele to Ayrenhoff

Personal Information
Born: Szákos / Banat, 29.09.1766
Died: Graz / Styria, 17.12.1861¹

Family Status
Married: 1815 Katharina Freiin von Mappes

Promotions
Major: 1799²
Oberstleutnant: 01.03.1807³
Oberst: 17.03.1809⁴
Generalmajor: 02.09.1813
Feldmarschalleutnant: 09.11.1827
Retired: 06.12.1834

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°58: 1830 – 17.12.1861

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–

Printed Sources
MilSchem | MZ, year 1861, N°102 (from 21.12.1861), p.813 | MZ, year 1862, N°9 (from 29.01.1862), p.69f. | ÖMKL 1, p.3f. | Wurzbach 11, p.349f. | WZ, 09.09.1813

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Notes
¹) MZ: 18.12.1861 (?)
²) MZ: 1801 / ÖMKL: 12.11.1801 (?)
³) MZ: 01.01.1807 / ÖMKL: 13.01.1807 (?)
⁴) ÖMKL: 04.1809 (?)

Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Linz / Upper Austria, 15.04.1820

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 24.05.1809

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
Hoen, 1809/IV, p.802, FN 1 | MilSchem (year 1821, p.473: erroneously noted as a member of the Elisabeth Theresian Military Foundation)

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: Adony / Com. Stuhlweißenburg (Székes-Fehérvár) / Hungary, 1744
Died: KIA Genola / Piedmont, 04.11.1799

Promotions
Major: 1784
Oberstleutnant: 1789
Oberst: 1795
Generalmajor: 02.10.1799 (w.r.f. 13.10.1799)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
ADB 1, p.121 | Allmayer-Beck, p.75 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.32f.

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: Venice / Venetia, 18.08.1748
Died: WIA Tortona / Piedmont, 11.09.1799 à Milan (Milano) / Lombardy, 09.10.1799¹

Promotions
Major: 06.1774
Oberstleutnant: 1781
Oberst: 1789
Generalmajor: 24.02.1794 (w.r.f. 12.02.1794)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 02.10.1799 (w.r.f. 01.09.1799)

Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of Martinsbrück: 17.03.1799 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of Nauders: 25.03.1799 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces during the siege of Tortona: 05.08. – 11.09.1799 (+)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
In 1795 Alcaini commanded an infantry brigade in the garrison of Mainz. The following year (1796) he commanded a brigade in FZM Count Wilhelm Ludwig Wartensleben’s wing of the Army of the Lower Rhine. Shortly after he was promoted to FML he died because of his wounds received at the siege of Tortona in September 1799.

Printed Sources
Allmayer-Beck, p.75 | Amon, IR20, p.210 | Bodart, pp.328, 329, 341 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.45f.

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Notes
¹) Schmidt-Brentano: 08.10.1800 (?)

Name Variants
also: Allmayer, Allmayr, Allmeyr, Almayer, Almayr, Almeyer, Almeyr / also: Alstern, Altstern

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 24.05.1809

Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Military Commander in the Bukovina (Czernowitz): 03.1811 – 05.04.1814Elevation of Social Status
Ritter: 27.01.1764 (with predicate: "von Allstern")

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
Frank 1, p.15 | Hoen, 1809/IV, p.802, FN 1 | MilSchem | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.77Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: Gyöngyös (n.I.) / Hungary, 1726
Died: Zsadány / Hungary, 07.03.1804

Family Status
Married: (1) Janka Freiin Splényi de Miháldy
Married: (2) Theresia Freiin Splényi de Miháldy (1745-1830)

Promotions
Major: 1748
Oberstleutnant: 1753
Oberst: 26.09.1756¹
Generalmajor: 26.02.1763² (w.r.f. 01.05.1758)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.05.1773 (w.r.f. 20.10.1766)
General der Kavallerie: 03.04.1784 (w.r.f. 11.03.1784)

Elevation of Social Status
Graf: 08.11.1777

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Hussar Regiment N°1: 10.09.1767 – 07.03.1804

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
Amon, HR1, pp.1, 51, 54, 210f., 490, 492 | MD 7, p.4 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.55f. | Wrede 3, p.232 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.34

Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/hung/almasy1.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Notes
¹) ÖMKL 1, p.55: 01.11.1757 (?)
²) Amon, HR1, p.211: 01.05.1763 (?)

Personal Information
Born: Alvincz (Vintu de Jos) / Transylvania, 01.02.1735
Died: Ofen (Buda) / Hungary, 25.11.1810

Promotions
Major: 1763
Oberstleutnant: 1771
Oberst: 1773
Generalmajor: 30.01.1779 (w.r.f. 28.01.1779)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 27.05.1789 (w.r.f. 02.05.1789)
Feldzeugmeister: 21.05.1794 (w.r.f. 29.08.1794)
Feldmarschall: 06.09.1808

Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General in West-Galicia: 03.1796 – 01.1797
Commanding General in Hungary: 10.06.1797 – 25.11.1810

Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Auxiliar-Corps at the Lower Rhine: 11.1794 – 02.1795
Commander of the Army of Italy: 09.1796 – 03.1797
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of Bassano: 06.11.1796 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of Caldiero: 12.11.1796 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of Arcole: 15.-17.11.1796 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of Rivoli: 14./15.01.1797 (–)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 15.02.1779 / CC: 28.05.1793 / GC: 07.07.1794
Order of Leopold – GC: 07.01.1809
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°26: 1786 (change to:)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°19: 1786 – 25.11.1810
I.R. Privy Councillor: 1797
I.R. Chamberlain: 1790

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Joseph Baron Alvinczy de Berberek was born in 1735 in Alvincz (now Vintu de Jos, southwest of Alba Julia) in Transylvania (today Romania). In 1750 he joined the Infantry Regiment N°51¹ and after three years was promoted to Captain. In the Seven Years War (1756-1763) Alvincy distinguished himself in the battle of Torgau (3 November 1760), the capture of Schweidnitz (1 October 1761) and the clash at Teplitz (2 August 1762). After this war he soon recovered from his bad wounds received at Torgau and Teplitz. Within the following ten years he passed all field officer ranks from Major (1763) to Colonel (1773) with which rank he had been appointed to commander of the Infantry Regiment N°19. Alvinczy again distinguished himself in the raid on Habelschwert (18 January 1779 – today: Bystrzyca / Poland) in the War of the Bavarian Succession (1778-1779) wherefore in 1779 he was promoted to Generalmajor and received the KC of the MMTO. In 1786 Emperor Joseph II. distinguished the general with the proprietorship of the Infantry Regiment N°26, which Alvinczy shortly after changed with that of Infantry Regiment N°19. In the wars against the Turks from 1788-1790 he again distinguished himself and was promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant on 27 May 1789.
At the beginning of the First Coalition War Alvinczy was appointed to Division Commander. In that function he served the 1792 campaign under General Clerfayt. The following year he commanded a division in the Reserve at the victorious battle of Neerwinden on 18 March 1793. For the meritorious services he had rendered in this battle Lieutenant General Alvinczy was awarded the CC of the MMTO.
In the first half of 1794 Alvinczy commanded the Reserve (brigades of Bellegarde, Kaim, Kray, Riesch and Werneck) of the Austrian main army. His victory over the French relief army for Landrecies at Maroilles-Prisches on 26 April 1794 brought him the appointment to Feldzeugmeister two months later. On 3 June the same year he was made Adlatus of prince William Frederick of Orange, commander of the Austrian-Dutch army corps operating at the river Sambre. Together with the prince of Orange Alvinczy gained two splendid victories over the French at Charleroi-Gosselies (3. June) and Fleurus (16 June) for which he was awarded the GC of the MMTO. In 1795, he was transferred to command the Army of the Upper Rhine, between the Lake of Constance and the River Neckar. Before the campaign began, he was recalled to Vienna and stayed there through the year.
In May 1796, at the age of 61, he took command of the defeated Austrian army in Italy from Beaulieu, coming out of Lombardy, and revitalised it. On 7 June 1796, he was given command of Austrian forces in the Tyrol and Friaul (the corps of FML Davidovich, GM Graffen and FML Quosdanovich, totalling about 50.000 men) to launch another attempt to relieve Mantua. Quosdanovich took command of the Corps of the Friaul; Davidovich retained that of the Tyrol. The new plan, dictated by the Aulic War Council in Vienna, was for both corps to advance – as in the past – by separate routes down both sides of Lake Garda, to give battle to Napoleon at Verona and then to relieve Mantua with the 29,000 men shut up there. These 29,000 were to break out at the right moment and attack the French in rear as the relief force approached. Alvinczy ordered Quosdanovich’s Corps of the Friaul to take Bassano on the Brenta, while Davidovich’s Corps of the Tyrol was to sieze Trient on the Etsch. Davidovich was ordered then to move to join up with Alvinczy – who was with Quosdanovich’s corps – so as to unite before the critical battle. No advance by Alvinczy over the Etsch would be made until he received confirmation from Davidovich that he had cleared the enemy out of that valley. Napoleon ordered GdD Vaubois to drive the Austrians – Davidovich’s corps – to his front further back up the Etsch. Vaubois assaulted them at St. Michel on 2 November, but was beaten next day by Davidovich and pushed back through Trient to Calliano. Here he was again attacked on 6 and 7 November and forced to retreat as far south as Rivoli. Davidovich advanced only as far south as Serravalle and stopped there – for unknown reasons – until 16 November. At last he advanced again, and, on 16 and 17 November, threw Vaubois (who was now without Guyeux`s brigade) out of Rivoli. Here Vaubois lost 1,800 men and 7 guns. On 18 November the opponents were around Castelnuovo, level with the southern end of Lake Garda. Alvinczy meanwhile, had crossed the Piave River at Campanno on 2 November. He then advanced in two columns, FML Quosdanovich aimed at Bassano, FML Provera at Citadella, some miles to the south. When Napoleon heard of this advance, he ordered Massena to leave only a small rearguard on the river, abandon the line of the Brenta and fall back west to Vicenza on 4 November. This rearguard was thrown back that same day. Augereau reached Montebello, a short way west of Vicenza, also on 4 November. Napoleon made for Bassano and set Massena to take Fontaniva, some way to the south. Both were defeated at these sites on 5 and 6 November respectively, the former by Alvinczy, the latter by GM Lipthay of Provera’s column. Both French forces withdrew next day, west to Verona.
Alvinczy followed to Villanova, which he reached on 11 November. This same day, Fürst Hohenlohe, commanding Alvinczy’s Avantgarde, probed at Verona and was repulsed. Next day, Alvinczy defeated Napoleon at Caldiero but caused him only 1,800 casualties and took a mere two guns. But the Austrians were in poor shape, undernourished and largely in rags. This minor victory was not exploited.
Napoleon fell back to Verona. He now ordered Vaubois to send him Guyeux’s brigade as he felt Vaubois to be strong enough to hold Davidovich for two days without it. On 14 November Napoleon advanced along the Etsch and crossed it at Ronco, to take the Austrians in the left flank. Kilmaine’s division held Verona. FZM Alvinczy now divided his force into two parts, each 12 battalions strong. On the night 15/16 November, one column was to assault Verona, the other to cross the Etsch at Zevio, part way between Verona and Ronco. The aim of this operation is unclear. Napoleon moved first. On 15 November Massena took Porcil, which was held only by IR Spleny N°51 and a battalion of Croats. Augereau assaulted Arcole but was thrown back with loss. Generals Bon, Lannes, Verdier and Verne were wounded. Napoleon was almost captured.
That night, the Austrians gave up Arcole to Guyeux almost without a fight. For some reason, Guyeux abandoned the vital bridge again. On 16 November, Alvinczy stood with troops of Provera and Mittrowsky on the Caldiero site.
On 16 Nov, Napoleon repeated his attacks of the previous day; Alvinczy held the vital bridge at Arcole against Augereau and Massena beat Provera at Porcil and then fell back. French attempts to bridge and to wade the Alpon failed or were beaten back. The day ended in stalemate again. On 17 Nov Massena was to strike at the Austrian right flank; Augereau was to cross the river on bridges near its entry into the Alpon and strike north into Alvinczy’s left flank. The French garrison of Legnano (two battalions and 4 guns) was to advance north into the enemy’s rear. For his part, Alvinczy attacked again from Arcole and from Porcil against Ronco. Both Austrian Avantgardes were pushed back, but when the opposing main bodies clashed, the Austrians were successful. French GdB Robert was overwhelmed near Arcole and fell back on Augereau’s division with half his brigade. The other half was pushed back onto the Ronco bridge. Here, Napoleon had laid a trap with the 32e DBde hidden in the scrub. They took the 2,000 Austrian Grenzers in flank and threw them back with heavy loss to Arcole, on the Austrian right wing. Augereau assaulted their left wing, which rested on a swamp. For some time, he made no headway. Napoleon sent some Guides through the scrub on the Austrian left flank, with orders to sound a lot of trumpet calls to scare the enemy. It worked. At about 2 pm, Alvinczy gave orders for a withdrawal, northwards on Villanova. Austrian losses were about 6,200 men and 11 guns; the French lost about 3,500. Had Davidovich advanced as intended, history might have been very different.
Alvinczy’s decision to keep his army divided in the face of the enemy, doomed him to defeat. Morally defeated, he withdrew north. Leaving a small force of cavalry to observe him, Napoleon turned on Davidovich. That same 17 November, Davidovich had attacked Vaubois at Rivoli and beaten him; the French lost 1,800 men and 7 guns and fled south. Davidovich did not pursue past Castelnovo. On 22 November however, Napoleon appeared with 15,000 to confront the 7,000 Austrians, beat them and chased them up the River Etsch.
Next day, Wurmser made a sortie out of Mantua as arranged; it failed as it must. The third attempt to relieve Mantua had ended in disaster. Alvinczy fell back over the Brenta. On 14 and 15 January 1797, Alvinczy made another try down the valley of the Etsch; he was decisively defeated at Rivoli on 14 January. Four of his columns were defeated by about midday, those of FML Quosdanovich, GM Köblös, GM Ocskay and Oberst Lusignan, and of the latter (5,000 strong) only the commander and one other escaped. Next day, the French outflanked the defeated Austrians when Alvinczy attempted to counterattack. The demoralised Austrians dissolved and fled, losing another 5,000 PoW. Their total losses were 3,000 killed and wounded, 10–12,000 PoW, 8 guns and 11 colours and standards.
In March 1797 Alvinczy was relieved of command in Italy. Three months later he was appointed commanding general in Hungary, one of the most superior offices of the Austrian military establishment. Promoted to field marshall in 1808 and died two years later in Ofen.

Printed Sources
ADB 1, p.379 | Bodart, p.315, 316, 318 | Borus, p.38 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.405ff. | Hollins, p.23f. | MD 1, p.19 | MD 7, p.5 | Megerle, p.127 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.64f. (wrong: GM in 1787) | Pickl, p.203 | Ritter, p.55ff. (= ÖMZ 1813, sect.II, p.79f.) | Wrede 1, p.250 | Wrede (6), p.30 | Wurzbach 1, p.22 | WZ, 09.03.1808, 21.09.1808, 12.12.1810, 12.10.1810 | Zivkovic, Generalität, pp.13, 36 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.56, 64, 128

Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/alvinczy.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Notes
¹) Ebert wrong: Hussars

Personal Information
Born: Brussels (Bruxelles) / Austrian Netherlands, 1723
Died: Milan (Milano) / Lombardy, 27.01.1796

Name Variants
(French) Charles Baron d’Amadeï

Family Status
Married: the widowed Contessa di Medici

Promotions
Major: 1752
Oberstleutnant: 1755
Oberst: 05.07.1757
Generalmajor: 27.06.1760 (w.r.f. 07.10.1758)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.05.1773 (w.r.f. 19.07.1765)

Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commander of Milan: 17?? – 27.01.1796

Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 22.03.1760

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 07.03.1758

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
Frank 1, p.18 | Guillaume, p.93 (b. Gent ?) | Hirtenfeld 1, p.45f. (wrong: FML on 19.06.1765) | MD 1, p.19 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.65f. (wrong: FML on 19.06.1765) | ÖMZ, year 1836, vol.4, p.325ff.: Schels, Johann Baptist: Karl Freiherr von Amadei, k.k. Feldmarschall-Lieutenant. Eine biographische Skizze | Wurzbach 1, p.24f. (wrong: Obstlt in 1753)

Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Preßburg (Pozsony, Bratislava) / Hungary, 28.08.1834

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 25.02.1809
Retired: 1810

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–

Printed Sources
MilSchem

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: Harlingen / Netherlands, 25.06.1759¹
Died: Vienna, 10.02.1810

Promotions
Major: 08.1793
Oberstleutnant: 06.1797
Oberst: 04.1800
Generalmajor: 01.12.1805² (w.r.f. 16.04.1805)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 25.08.1809

Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the (autonomous) Corps in Saxony: 01.04. -19.(26.)06.1809

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
ADB 1, p.396f. | Am Ende, Ch.G. Ernst: Feldmarschall-Lieutenant Carl Friedrich am Ende besonders sein Feldzug in Sachsen 1809, Vienna 1878 | Amon, IR47, pp.422, 438 | MD 1, p.21 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.68 | Wurzbach 1, p.28f. (wrong: b. 22.02.1757) | WZ, 25.11.1809, 17.03.1810, 15.08.1810

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Notes
¹) ADB / MD / Schmidt-Brentano: 25.06.1756 (?)
²) Amon, IR47, p.438: 30.11.1805 (?)

Personal Information
Born: Raab (Györ) / Hungary, 20.12.1762
Died: KIA Dresden / Saxony, 27.08.1813

Promotions
Major: 01.09.1805
Oberstleutnant: ~ 10.1805
Oberst: 29.07.1808
Generalmajor: 11.09.1812

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 1810

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
Allmayer-Beck, p.79 | Hirtenfeld 2, p.983f. | MD 1, p.23 ("Freiherr" ?) | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.76 | Wurzbach 1, p.35 | WZ, 03.08.1808, 12.09.1812, 20.10.1812, 27.10.1813

Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale ("Freiherr" ?)

Personal Information
Born: Szent-Péter / Com. Stuhlweißenburg (Székes-Fehérvár) / Hungary, 09.06.1750 (baptism)
Died: Szent-Péter / Com. Stuhlweißenburg (Székes-Fehérvár) / Hungary, 15.12.1817

Promotions
Major: 01.03.1797
Oberstleutnant: 13.09.1799
Oberst: 27.11.1800
Generalmajor: 11.1803 (w.r.f. 05.11.1803)

Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 03./04.1813

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 18.08.1801

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–

Printed Sources
Hirtenfeld 1, p.672ff. | MD 1, p.23 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.76ff. | Wurzbach 1, p.34f. | WZ, 22.04.1813

Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: Köthen / Anhalt, 18.11.1769
Died: Castle of Geuz in Köthen / Anhalt, 05.05.1812

Family Status
Married: 1792 Caroline Friederike Prinzessin von Nassau-Usingen (1777-1821), divorced: 1803

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 20.04.1792
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.03.1797 (w.r.f. 12.02.1797)
Quit: 06.1801

Change of Social Status
regierender Fürst (sovereign prince): 17.10.1789
regierender Herzog (sovereign duke): 18.04.1807

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
MD 1, p.43 | MilSchem | Tomaschek DR8, pp.686, 709 (wrong: GM on 20.04.1792)

Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/ascania/ascan9.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/anhalt.html)

Personal Information
Born: Alt-Stettin (Szczecin) / Pomerania / Prussia, 08.08.1734
Died: Luxemburg / Austrian Netherlands, 03.03.1793

Family Status
Married: (1) 1753 Caroline Wilhelmine Sophie Prinzessin von Hessen-Kassel (1732-1759)
Married: (2) 1764 Friederike Auguste Sophie Prinzessin von Anhalt-Bernburg (1744-1827)

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 14.11.1753
Feldmarschalleutnant: 14.04.1756
General der Kavallerie: 23.04.1764
Quit: 1783

Holy Roman Empire:
Reichs-Generalfeldmarschalleutnant: 21.05.1768¹
Reichs-Generalfeldzeugmeister: 08.07.1785¹

Change of Social Status
regierender Fürst (sovereign prince): 16.03.1747 / 28.09.1752 (1747-1752 under the guardianship of his mother)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
MD 2, p.97 | MilSchem | Neuhaus, pp.342, 344 | ÖMKL 1, p.96 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.33

Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/ascania/ascan11.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/anhalt.html)

Notes
¹) date of the Reichsgutachten

Personal Information
Born: Ansbach / Brandenburg-Ansbach, 24.02.1736
Died: Benham near Speen / England, 05.01.1806

Family Status
Married: (1) 1754 Friederike Caroline Prinzessin von Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld (1735-1791)
Married: (2) 1791 Elizabeth Countess of Berkeley, widowed Lady Craven (1750-1828)

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 18.08.1754 (w.r.f. 27.03.1753)

Prussia:
Generalleutnant: 01.05.1769

Franconian circle of the Empire:
General-Feldmarschall: 30.05.1764 – 07.11.1792

Change of Social Status
Abdication in favour of Prussia: 22.12.1791

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Cuirassier Regiment N°33 / (since 1798:) N°11: 1751-1801/02 (disbanded)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°10: 1802 – 05.01.1806

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Ansbach-Bayreuth (Prussia):
Order of the Red Eagle: before 1796
Prussia:
Order of the Black Eagle: before 1796

Printed Sources
MD 1, p.177 | MilSchem | Wrede 1, p.182 | Wrede 3, p.601

Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/hohz/hohenz3.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: 27.02.1755
Died: 27.03.1815

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 29.06.1809
Retired: 1810

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
MilSchem | ÖFA 3, p.22 | WZ, 25.11.1809

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: Laibach (Lubljana) / Carniola, 15.05.1743
Died: Laibach (Lubljana) / Carniola, 03.02.1817

Promotions
Major: 1789
Oberstleutnant: 13.05.1795
Oberst: 1797
Generalmajor: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 06.11.1800)
Retired: 29.10.1800

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–

Printed Sources
MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.104f. | Wurzbach 1, p.51f.

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale   

Personal Information
Born: 08.11.1736
Died: Brussels (Bruxelles) / Belgium (France), 17.09.1813

Name Variants
(French) Nicolas-Antoine Comte d’Arberg, de Valengin et du Saint-Empire

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 01.05.1773 (w.r.f. 29.11.1768)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 20.04.1783)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
Guillaume, p.381 | MilSchem

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: 15.03.1735
Died: Olmütz (Olomouc) / Moravia, 05.04.1795

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 25.04.1775 (w.r.f. 28.05.1771)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 09.09.1786 (w.r.f. 31.08.1786)

Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commander of Olmütz: before 1793 (?) – 1795

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
MilSchem

Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/arco/arco5.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: Brussels (Bruxelles) / Austrian Netherlands, 30.08.1753
Died: Brussels (Bruxelles) / Belgium, 26.09.1833

Name Variants
(French) Auguste-Marie-Raymond Prince d’Arenberg
also: Aremberg

Family Status
Married: 1774 Marie-Françoise-Ursule Le Danois, Marquise de Cernay (1757-1810)

Promotions
France:
Marechal-de-Camp: 09.03.1788
Into Austrian service:
Generalmajor: 31.08.1794 (w.r.f. 11.07.1791)
Quit: 1815
Into Netherlands service:
Generalleutnant: 1816

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Bavaria:
Order of St. Hubert: before 1796

Printed Sources
BU 2, p.172f. | Guillaume, p.336 | MD 1, p.32 | MilSchem

Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/ligne/ligne5.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: around 1730
Died: Ödenburg (Sopron) / Hungary, 16.11.1799

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 08.05.1792

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
MilSchem

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale   

Personal Information
Born: Saint-Mihiel / Lorraine, 14.10.1736
Died: Nancy / Lorraine / France, 18.05.1820

Name Variants
(French) François-Hyacinthe Comte Oryot d’Aspremont

Family Status
Married: 1790 Marguerite-Madeleine d’Ourches

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 1772
Oberst: 1775
Generalmajor: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 09.05.1783)
Retired (quit ?): around 1789

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain: 1765

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Tuscany:
Order of St. Stephen – KC: 1757 / CC: around 1765

Printed Sources
MilSchem (last entry: year 1817) | ÖMKL 1, p.158 | Petiot, p.403

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: Gènes (n.l.), 09.04.1753
Died: 29.08.1824

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 1800
Quit: 1814
Into French service:
Marechal-de-Camp: 30.12.1814

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
Courcelles 1, p.177 and Supplement | MilSchem

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: Graz / Styria, 11.03.1758
Died: Vienna, 04.02.1815

Family Status
Married: 1803 Maria Anna Gräfin Grave (1785-1856)

Promotions
Major: 1799
Oberstleutnant: 1800
Oberst: 1805
Generalmajor: 1813/14

Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Military Commander in the Tyrol and Vorarlberg (Innsbruck): 02.-06.1814

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain: 1802 (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
MD 7, p.11 (w/o date of birth) | MilSchem | Pickl, p.204 (?) | Wrede, DR6, pp.657, 928f. | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.72

Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/attems/attems4.html)
Shamà

Personal Information
Born: Görz (Gorizia) / Goricia and Gradisca, 04.08.1736
Died: Görz (Gorizia) / Illyria, 16.01.1826

Family Status
Married: 1774 Anna Katharina Freiin Sembler von Scharffenstein (1756-1811)

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1802
Generalmajor (title): 07.11.1810
Retired: 07.11.1810

Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commander of Triest

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain: 1765 (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–

Printed Sources
Gatti, IngAk, p.105f. | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.160f. (wrong: b. 1737 / d. 17.01.1826 / GM in 1811) | Pickl, p.201

Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/attems/attems6.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Shamà

Personal Information
Born: Haid (Bor u Tachova) / Bohemia, 1758
Died: Vienna, 02.03.1814

Promotions
Major: 1793
Oberstleutnant: 03.1796
Oberst: 10.1799
Generalmajor: 01.09.1805 (w.r.f. 04.02.1804)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 13.12.1811

Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Inspector of Military Clothing: 12.1809 (1805 ?) – 02.03.1814

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
Anonym, DR2, pp.347, 359 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.162f. | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.17

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 05.09.1741
Died: Graz / Styria, 22.10.1795

Family Status
Brother of A28
Uncle of A30 and A32
Married: 1776 Vincenzia Anna Freiin von Rechbach (1760-1800)

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 01.05.1773 (w.r.f. 09.11.1768)

Order of Chivalry
Knight of the Order of Malta: 17?? – before 1776

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
MD 1, p.42 | MilSchem | Preinfalk, pp.277, 476f.

Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/auersperg/auersperg5.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale   

Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 19.01.1749
Died: Przemysl / Galicia, 08.01.1808

Family Status
Brother of A27
Uncle of A30 and A32
Married: 1803 Maria Elisabeth Gräfin Kaunitz, widowed Gräfin Lažansky (1777-1838)

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 1793
Oberst: 1796
Generalmajor: 02.10.1799 (w.r.f. 18.11.1799)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 04.1807

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 30.04.1802
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°37: 1808 – 08.01.1808
I.R. Chamberlain

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Count Franz Xaver Auersperg entered Austrian military service in 1768 and fought the Turks in 1789. He was distinguished in the campaign in northern Italy in 1799 as Oberst and commander of the Infantry Regiment N°36 in the battles of Novi (15 August) and Savigliano (17 September) and at the clash at Pignerolo (24 September) where he commanded the Avantgarde. On 29 October Auersperg captured 47 French officers and 553 men in the raid on Mondovi, for which he received the KC of the MMTO. After promotion to Generalmajor Auersperg commanded an infantry brigade in Elsnitz's division in northwestern Italy. By the end of May, he had been transferred to FML Melas` division. He took part in the siege of Genoa but did not serve at Marengo. In 1801 he was appointed Chef of IR Nr 24. In 1805, he commanded an infantry brigade in Loudon`s division. In 1807 he was promoted to FML; he died in Przemysl in 1808.

Printed Sources
Hirtenfeld 1, p.724f. | MD 1, p.42 | MilSchem (wrong: d. 07.01.1808) | ÖMKL 1, p.165 | Preinfalk, pp.332, 551 | Wrede 1, p.384 | Wurzbach 1, p.88 | WZ, 23.01.1808 and 20.02.1808

Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/auersperg/auersperg5.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Personal Information
Born: Laibach (Lubljana) / Carniola, 03.03.1750
Died: Tarnow / Galicia, 11.02.1799¹

Family Status
Unmarried

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1779
Generalmajor: 27.05.1789 (w.r.f. 21.05.1789)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Printed Sources
Leitner 2, p.87 | MilSchem | Preinfalk, pp.417f., 497 | Victorin, DR7, pp.204, 403

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Notes
¹) Preinfalk: Baden / Lower Austria, 02.06.1800 (?)

Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 21.10.1750
Died: Vienna, 06.12.1822

Family Status
Brother of A32
Nephew of A27 and A28
Married: 1776 Maria Josepha Prinzessin von Lobkowitz (1756-1823)

Promotions
Major: 19.07.1778
Oberstleutnant: 02.02.1788
Oberst: 10.11.1788
Generalmajor: 25.04.1790¹ (w.r.f. 26.04.1790)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 24.04.1796 (w.r.f. 24.08.1795)
Retired (cashiered ?): 1805
Deprivation of rank, titel and orders: 1806 – 14.09.1812

Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Captain of the Trabanten Life Guard and the Hofburgwache: 24.04.1796 – 09.03.1802
Captain of the First Arcièren Life Guard: 09.03.1802 – 12.1805

Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Army Reserve Corps: 11.1805

Elevation of Social Status
Fürst: 21.12.1791

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of the Golden Fleece: 1796
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 22.04.1790
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°24: 20.04.1801 – 1806
I.R. Privy Councillor
I.R. Chamberlain: 1771 (?)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Bavaria:
Order of St. Hubert

Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Charles Count, later Prince of Auersperg entered the Austrian army as a cadet. By 1788 he was Oberst and Commanding Officer of his regiment in the wars against the Turks. In 1789 he was distinguished at the capture of Neu-Orsova and was promoted Generalmajor and awarded the MMTO-KC. In the 1805 campaign he was Feldmarschalleutnant and commanded the Reserve Corps. He was in charge of the Danube bridges at the Tabor at the east end of Vienna, which he was to demolish to prevent them falling intact into French hands. On 13 November, French Marshals Murat, Lannes and others talked themselves into possession of the main bridge – and of much of the Reserve Corps. The stage was set for Austerlitz. Auersperg was court-martialled, convicted of negligence and stripped of his rank and honours. Pardoned in 1812 he stayed in retirement until his death 1822.

Printed Sources
Amon, Hauptleute, p.55ff. | Hirtenfeld 1, p.282f. | MD 1, p.42 | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.165f. (wrong: b. 1740) | Pickl, p.202 | Preinfalk, pp.286ff., 502 | Wrede 1, p.282 | Wrede (6), pp.66, 72 | Wurzbach 22, p.469 | WZ, 20.10.1812 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.43, 44, 129

Internet Sources
Boettger
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/auersperg/auersperg5.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Notes
¹) Amon, Hauptleute, p.56: 20.04.1790

Personal Information
Born: Wolfpassing / Lower Austria, 21.01.1771¹
Died: Vienna, 30.05.1850

Family Status
Unmarried

Promotions
Major: 07.1806
Oberstleutnant: 06.1809
Oberst: 07.1810
Generalmajor: 20.10.1813
Feldmarschalleutnant: 07.02.1827
General der Kavallerie: 03.03.1843
Retired: 1848

Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General ad interim in Bohemia: 11.1833 – 06.1834
Military Commander in Upper Austria (Linz): 06.1834 – 02.1836
Commanding General in the Banat: 02.1836 – 07.1842
Commanding General in the Banal-Warasdin-Karlstadt Military Border: 07.1842 – 04.1848

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 20.10.1813
Order of Leopold – GC: 08.04.1848
Colonel-Proprietor of the Cuirassier Regiment N°5: 30.07.1829 – 21.08.1849
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Cuirassier Regiment N°5: 21.08.1849 – 30.05.1850
I.R. Privy Councillor: 1836
I.R. Chamberlain: early 1806

Orders, Decorations, Awards (Foreign Countries)
Saxony:
Order of Civil Merit – GC: 1845

Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Maximilian Count Auersperg entered the Austrian army as a cadet in the cavalry and fought against the Turks in 1788/89. During the first and second Coalition Wars (1792-1796 / 1799-1801) he served in Italy. In 1805 he was appointed Aide-de-Camp to Archduke Charles. After his appointment to Adjutant-General to the Generalissimus at the beginning of 1809 Auersperg served the campaign within the headquarter of the main army. The next year (1810) he was appointed commanding officer of the Cuirassier Regiment N°5. In this function he fought three years later at Leipzig. At the first battle day (16 October 1813) Auersperg was involved in a successful action at Gröbern in which he overthrew the French cavalry and pursued them back to their own lines. For this he was promoted Generalmajor on the field on 20 October and awarded the KC of the MMTO. He fought as well as La Fère Champenoise on 25 March 1814. Eventually, he became General der Kavallerie in 1843 and retired 1848.

Printed Sources
Böhm 1, p.414 | Hirtenfeld 2, p.1221f. | MD 1, p.43 | MilSchem | NDB 1, p.438 | ÖBL 1, p.36 | ÖMKL 1, p.166f. | Pickl, p.205 | Pizzighelli, DR5, pp.95, 113, 153, 250 (wrong: Obst in 1809) | Preinfalk, pp.401f. (wrong: Leopold-Order GC in 1843), 522 | Preyer, p.115 | Soldatenfreund, year 1850, N°67 (from 04.06.1850), p.302 | Wrede 3, p.153 | Wurzbach 1, p.88f. | WZ, 27.10.1813 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.42 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.51, 69

Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/auersperg/auersperg6.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Notes
¹) Preinfalk: 28.01.1771 (?)

Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 09.08.1749
Died: Prague (Praha)¹ / Bohemia, 16.03.1822

Family Status
Brother of A30
Nephew of A27 and A28
Married: 1776 Leopoldine Gräfin von Waldstein-Wartenberg (1761-1846)

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 01.12.1784
Generalmajor: 16.01.1790² (w.r.f. ?)
Quit: 1793

Elevation of Social Status
Fürst: 21.12.1791
regierender Fürst (sovereign prince): 02.10.1800 (6th sovereign prince of Auersperg and 2nd Duke of Gottschee)

Order of Chivalry
Knight of the Order of Malta

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Privy Councillor
I.R. Chamberlain

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Bavaria:
Order of St. Hubert

Printed Sources
Amon, IR47, p.288f. | MD 1, p.42 (wrong: b. 09.04.1749) | MilSchem | ÖMKL 1, p.166 (wrong: d. 16.02.1822) | Preinfalk, pp.288ff., 541

Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/auersperg/auersperg5.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/auersperg.html)

Notes
¹) Preinfalk: died in Liboun (?)
²) Amon, IR47, p.289: 15.01.1790 (?)

Personal Information
Born: 1744
Died: 23.12.1815

Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 22.03.1793
Oberst: 28.07.1794
Generalmajor: 01.03.1797¹ (w.r.f. 18.04.1797)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 09.11.1800)
Retired: 1805
Cashiered: 1807

Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat at Maienfeld (St. Luciensteig): 06.03.1799 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat at Chur: 07.03.1799 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat at Wertingen: 08.10.1805 (–)

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°37: 1803-1807

Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)

Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Franz Xaver Freiherr von Auffenberg served the first Coalition War (1792-1797) as field officer of infantry. In 1799 he fought in Switzerland. After his promotion to Feldmarschalleutnant in 1800 he commanded a division in the Defensive Army. In the campaign of 1805 Auffenberg commanded a mixed division. On 8 October, his isolated III Corps was surprised and crushed at Wertingen by Murat's cavalry and Lannes' V Corps. He was placed on the inactive list after the campaign and cashiered in 1807. It seems that the court-martial thought that he had placed his troops too far out on a limb.

Printed Sources
Amon, IR47, pp.301, 303, 327, 371 | Bodart, pp.327, 363 | MilSchem | Wrede 1, p.384

Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale

Notes
¹) Amon, IR47,