|
By Leopold
Kudrna, with Biographical Essays by Digby Smith.
Austrian
Generals
1792-1815
M
MacElligot to Mylius
M1
|
MacElligot,
Peter Karl Freiherr von
|
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Brünn (Brno) / Moravia, 20.03.1825
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 07./08.1807
Oberst: 1809
Generalmajor: 04.12.1812
Retired: 1814
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Duffy, p.376 | MilSchem | WZ, 15.08.1807, 02.12.1809, 02.02.1813
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M2
|
Mack,
Karl
Mack von Leiberich, Karl
Mack von Leiberich, Karl Freiherr
|
Personal Information
Born: Nennslingen near Weißenburg / Bavaria, 24.08.1752
Died: St. Pölten / Lower Austria, 22.10.1828
Family Status
Married: Katherina Gabriel
Promotions
Major: 14.05.1788
Oberstleutnant: 1789
Oberst: 1789
Generalmajor: 24.02.1794 (w.r.f. 20.02.1791[1794?])
Feldmarschalleutnant: 02.03.1797 (w.r.f. 02.03.1797)
Cashired: E.1805
Deprivation of rank, title and orders: 07.1807
Rehabilitation (by Imperial act of grace): 03.12.1819
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff: 03.1797
– 03.1798 / 25.04.1805 – 10.1805
Field Service (1792-1815)
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff of the Moravian Observation Army:
04.-08.1790
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff of the Army of the Netherlands: 02.-05.1793
/ 02.-05.1794
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff of the Army of the Rhine: 03.-04.1797
Commander of the Neapolitan forces at the battle of Cività Castellana:
04.12.1798 (–)
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff of the Army of Germany: 09.-10.1805
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of Günzburg: 09.10.1805 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the capitulation of Ulm: 17.10.1805 (–)
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility: 19.06.1786 (with predicate: "von Leiberich")
Freiherr: 22.02.1791
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 21.12.1789
Colonel-Proprietor of the Cuirassier Regiment N°20 / (since 1798:) N°10
/ (since 1802:) N°6: 05.1793 – 07.1807
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Born on 24 August 1752 in Nennslingen in Bavaria Mack entered Austrian military
service as a trooper in the cavalry regiment in which his uncle was an officer
in 1769. He was commissioned in 1777. The next year he fought in the War of the
Bavarian Succession and was then selected for staff duties. He served under Lacy
and Loudon and was very distinguished at the siege of Belgrade (where he was
badly wounded in the head) in the wars against the Turks of 1788/89. For this
he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order on 21
December 1789. In that latter year he was appointed ADC to the Emperor.
In 1793 he was appointed Chief of Staff to the Prince of Sachsen-Coburg and planned
the crossing of the River Roer. He also helped to organize Dumouriez' defection
to the allied side and was again wounded at Famars on 23 May. In this year, he
was made Proprietor of the Cuirassier Regiment N°20 although he did not hold
a general officer's rank at this time. He lost this post as a consequence of
the 1805 campaign.
On 24 February 1794 he was promoted to Generalmajor and appointed QMG
to the Austrian army in the Netherlands, but fell into disfavour because his
plans were always too complicated and the timing unrealistic. On 2 March 1797
Mack was promoted Feldmarschalleutnant and attached – at the Emperors's
request – to take command of the Neapolitan army. This was a hopeless task;
the army repeatedly disintegrating before the French and Mack had to fly for
his life from his own mutinous troops. He was captured by General Macdonald and
spent two years as a prisoner in France before escaping in 1800.
Nelson observed his activities in Naples; he wrote:
"…let not General Mack be employed; for I knew him at Naples to be a scoundrel
and a coward." By dint of much clever political manoeuvering, he became chief
military advisor to the Emperor and much reduced Erzherzog Carl's influence on
his elder brother. In 1804 Mack was practically Chief of Staff of the Austrian
army and was tasked with wide-ranging reforms. In 1805 he was appointed QMG and
Aide to Erzherzog Ferdinand, commander of the Austrian army in southern Germany.
The consequences were the debacle of Ulm where Mack generated so much chaos and
confusion in his army that it was no longer capable of functioning. He ignored
valid intelligence reports of French advances and on 15 October, he was forced
to capitulate with most of his army. After the end of the 1805 war, Mack was
court-martialled and sentenced to death, but this was commuted to him being cashiered,
stripped of his honours and being imprisoned for two years. At Prince Schwarzenberg's
initiative, Mack was rehabilitated in 1815 (1819 ?) and given back his rank of
FML and pension. He died in St. Pölten on 22 October 1828.
Printed Sources
ADB 20, p.8ff. | Bodart, p.326, 363, 365 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.272ff. | Hollins,
p.46ff. | Leppa, (Konrad) Joseph Franz: Feldmarschall-Leutnant Heinrich
Schmitt. Ein Soldatenleben, Ph.D. thesis, Vienna 1926, p.138 | MD 3, p.158 | MD
8, p.3 (with corrections) | MilSchem | NDB 15, p.614f. | Nekrolog
1828/2, N°297 (p.755ff.) | Regele, p.28 | Wrede, DR6, pp.292,
297 (wrong: b. Neußlingen), 404, 927 | Wrede 3, p.159 | Wrede
(6), p.41 | Wurzbach 16, p.211ff. | Zivkovic, Heerführer,
pp.108-110
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/mack.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M3
|
Maelcamp,
Johann Baptist Seraphim Freiherr von
|
Personal Information
Born: 14.11.1730 (baptism)
Died: 04.1797
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 09.09.1786 (w.r.f. 03.09.1786)
Retired: 09.09.1786
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Guillaume, p.380 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M4
|
Magdeburg,
Karl Friedrich von
|
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Vienna-Döbling, 31.07.1803
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 15.05.1784 (w.r.f. 01.05.1784)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 19.07.1801 (w.r.f. 17.07.1801)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Director-General of the River-Navigation and Commander of the Oberst-Schiffamt (=
Chief of the Pontooneers): 08.1773 – 07.1801
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | (Wurzbach 16, p.261) | Zivkovic, Heerführer,
p.21
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M5
|
Maillard,
(Nikolaus) Sebastian von
|
Personal Information
Born: Lunéville
/ Lorraine / France, 30.10.17461
Died: Vienna, 19.12.18222
Name Variants
(French) Nicolas-Sébastien
de Maillard
Family Status
Married: 1779 Elisabeth Turner
Promotions
Major: 17893
Oberstleutnant: 1794
Oberst: 1797
Generalmajor: 13.07.1801 (w.r.f. 02.07.1801)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 17.02.1812
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
ADB 20, p.105ff. (wrong: FML in 1811) | Blasek/Rieger
1/I, p.389 | Gatti, IngAk, p.282 (wrong: Mjr in 1790) | MD 3, p.162 | MilSchem | ÖMZ,
year 1824, vol.4, p.98ff.: Nekrolog des kaiserlich-östreichischen Feldmarschall-Lieutenants
Sebastian von Maillard | Petiot, p.350f. | Ritter, p.355ff. | Wurzbach
16, p.307f.
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Petiot:
30.10.1747 (?)
2)
ÖMZ / Petiot: 22.12.1822 (?)
3) Blasek/Rieger 1/I, p.389:
1790 (?)
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: 22.10.1810
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 18.12.1800)
Retired: 1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M7
|
Malowetz
von Malowitz und Kosorz, Johann Joseph
Freiherr
|
Personal Information
Born: Miltschin (Milicin) / Bohemia, 23.11.1737
Died: 09.10.1816
Name Variants
also: Malowez / also: Malowiz / also:
Kosorž
Family Status
Married: Josepha Freiin von Forgatsch (17??-1826)
Promotions
Major: 1789
Oberstleutnant: 1793
Oberst: 1794
Generalmajor: 16.02.1799 (w.r.f. 09.02.1799)
Retired: 1799
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 14.02.1781 (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Doerr, p.260 | Kneschke 6, p.95f. | Leitner 2, p.53f. | MD
3, p.166 | MilSchem (year 1817, p.586 "Sterbefälle 1816": mentioned
as member of the Elisabeth Theresian Military Foundation ?) | Svoboda
1, col.13 (Member of the Elisabeth Theresian Military Foundation ?) | Wurzbach
16, p.339
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M8
|
Mancini,
Salvator Emil von
|
Personal Information
Born: Ascoli / Papal State, 1752
Died: 12.11.1818
Promotions
Major: 1793
Oberstleutnant: 1797
Oberst: 18001
Generalmajor: 10.1807 (w.r.f. 16.06.1805)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Theresienstadt:
11.1807 – 12.11.1818
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Blasek/Rieger 1/I, p.392 | Gatti,
IngAk, p.231f. | MilSchem | WZ, 19.12.1807
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Blasek/Rieger
1/I, p.392: 1801 (?)
M9
|
Mandell,
Johann Michael Freiherr von
|
Personal Information
Born: Fort-Louis / Alsace / France, 25.12.1749
Died: Jarmeritz (Jaromerice nad Rokytnou) / Moravia,
12.03.1799
Name Variants
(French) Jean-Michel Baron de
Mandell
Family Status
Married: 1781 Marie-Elisabeth de Ficquelmont
Promotions
France:
Colonel:
Left French service: 09.05.1792
Army Condé: 09.05.1792
Into Austrian service: 16.01.1793
Oberst: 16.01.1793
Generalmajor: 25.04.1798 (w.r.f. 21.04.1798)
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility (Freiherr ?) (by elevation
of a family member): 14.04.1767
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
(?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Petiot, p.355
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M10
|
Manfredini,
Friedrich Marchese
|
Personal Information
Born: Rovigo / Venetia, 24.08.1743
Died: Campo Verardo near Padua / Venetia, 19.09.1829
Name Variants
(Italian) Federigo Marchese di
Manfredini
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 25.09.1789 (w.r.f. 17.09.1789)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.01.1802
Quit: 1809
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Grand Master of the Household to Grandduke
Ferdinand III. of Tuscany
State Minister in Salzburg (electorate): 02.1804 – 01.03.1806
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of St. Stephen – GC: 1792
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°12:
1792-1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Tuscany:
Order of St. Stephen – GC
Würzburg / Tuscany
Order of St. Joseph – GC
Printed Sources
Emmer, Johannes: Erzherzog Ferdinand
III., Großherzog von Toscana, als Kurfürst von Salzburg, Salzburg
1878 | MD 3, p.168 (wrong: d. 02.09.1829) | Megerle, p.185 | MilSchem | Wrede
1, p.199 | Wurzbach 16, p.371f.
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Szentváry-Lukács
M11
|
Marcant
von Blankenschwert, Michael Joseph
Ritter
Marcant von Blankenschwert, Michael Joseph
Freiherr
|
Personal Information
Born: Frauenmarkt (Bát, Bátovce)
/ Com. Hont / Hungary, 1752
Died: Sepsi-Szent-György (Sfintu Gheorghe) /
Transylvania, 25.03.1831
Family Status
Married: 1782 Josepha Peller von Ehrenberg
Promotions
Second-Major: 16.03.1799
Premier-Major: 02.02.1800
Oberstleutnant: 01.09.1800
Oberst: 01.1806
Generalmajor: 22.07.1809
Retired: 1809
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 23.01.18051
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC:
05.05.1802
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Frank 3, p.191 | Frank-Döfering,
2567 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.711ff. | MD 3, p.171 | MilSchem | Petiot,
p.359 | Wurzbach 16, p.415ff. | WZ, 25.11.1809
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Petiot:
30.08.1805 (?)
M12
|
Marchal
de Perclat, (Ignaz) Peter
Marchal de Perclat, (Ignaz) Peter Freiherr
|
Personal Information
Born: Blâmont / Lorraine, 16.12.1764
Died: Vienna, 27.01.1823
Name Variants
(French) Ignace-Pierre Baron Marchal
de Perclat
also: Marschal (German) / wrong: Perelat
Promotions
Major: 1797
Oberstleutnant: 1800
Oberst: 1st H. 1804
Generalmajor: 15.08.1808
Feldmarschalleutnant: 26.07.1813
Elevation of Social Status:
Freiherr: 27.12.1819
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of Leopold – CC: 01.06.1814
Order of the Iron Crown 3rd cl.: 12.02.1816
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°41:
1817 – 27.01.1823
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
France:
Military Order of St. Louis – KC: 1818 / CC:
1819
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Peter Ignaz Marchal de Perclat was born
on 16 December 1764. On 15 August 1808, he was promoted to Generalmajor and
on 26 July 1813 to Feldmarschalleutnant. At the beginningo the 1813 campaign
he commanded a division in the Army of Inner Austria, operating in Italy. On
7 October 1813, he was in Frimont's corps, which took Tarvis from GdD Baron Pierre-Guillaume
Gratien's 2nd Division of GdD Comte Paul Grenier's Corps de Gauche. On 3 December,
he took the villages of Rovigo and Boara from GdB Baron Vincent-Martel De Conchy's
brigade. In 1814 he was in the blockading force at Venice. He died on 27 January
1823.
Printed Sources
Frank-Döfering, 2607 | Granichstädten-Czerva,
Rudolf von: Andreas Hofers alte Garde, Innsbruck 1932, p.213 | Leitner
2, p.128f. | MD 3, p.172 | MilSchem | Petiot, p.362 | Svoboda
1, col.110f. | Wrede 1, p.409 | Wurzbach 16, p.417 | WZ,
03.09.1808, 31.07.1813, 14.10.1813, 27.06.1814, 20.02.1816
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M13
|
Mariássy
de Marcusfalva, Andreas
Mariássy de Márkus- et Batiszfálva,
Andreas Freiherr
|
Personal Information
Born: Botzdorf (Batizfalva, Batizovce)
/ Com. Zips (Szepes) / Hungary, 1759
Died: Kaschau (Košice, Kassa) / Com. Abaúj-Torna
/ Hungary, 17.06.1846
Promotions
Major: 07.1799
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 01.09.1805
Generalmajor: 30.05.18091
Feldmarschalleutnant: 22.09.1813
Feldzeugmeister (title a.h.): 09.05.1832
Retired: 09.05.1832
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 1811 (with additional predicate: "et
Batiszfálva")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC:
13.07.1809
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°37:
1813 – 17.06.1846
I.R. Privy Councillor: 1832
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Russia:
Order of St. Anne 1st cl.
Printed Sources
Borus, p.39f. | Hirtenfeld 2,
p.1038ff. | Hoen, 1809/IV, p.802, note 1 | MD 3, p.178 | MilSchem | Rupprecht,
IR60, p.44f., 84 and appendix, p.11 | Wrede 1, p.384 | Wurzbach
16, p.442f. | WZ, 20.03.1811 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.41
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Rupprecht,
IR60, appendix, p.11: 23.05.1809 (?)
M14
|
Marquette,
Stephan von
|
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Zara (Zadar) / Dalmatia, 25.02.1833
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 17.04.1801 (w.r.f. 13.04.1801)
Feldmarschalleutnant (title a.h.): 25.04.1828
Retired: 25.04.1828
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
City and Fortress Commandant of Zara:
1800/01-1806
Fortress Commandant of Karlstadt: 1806-1809
Fortress Commandant of Arad: 1811/12 – 03./04.1814
Fortress Commandant of Zara: 03./04.1814 – 25.04.1828
Field Service (1792-1815)
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff ad
interim of the Army of Italy: 03.-04.1796
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Sardinia-Piedmont:
Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus – KC:
before 1796
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Regele, p.29 | WZ,
29.06.1814 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.109
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M15
|
Martini,
Joseph
Martini, Joseph von
|
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: (Temesvár / Com. Temes / Hungary ?), 28.01.1808
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 21.08.1796 (w.r.f. 06.08.1794)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Temesvár: 1801
– 28.01.1808
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility: 16.07.1804
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Böhm 1, p. 415 | Frank 3, p.200 | Kneschke 6, p.153 | MilSchem | Preyer,
p.115 | WZ, 20.02.1808
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M16
|
Martonitz,
Andreas von
Martonitz, Andreas Freiherr von
|
Personal Information
Born: Raab (Györ) / Hungary, 1768
Died: Vienna, 07.03.1855
Promotions
Major: 31.12.1799
Oberstleutnant: 09.10.1805
Oberst: 24.07.1808
Generalmajor: 30.03.18131
Feldmarschalleutnant: 03.07.1824
Feldzeugmeister: 11.06.1841
Retired: 08.01.18502
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 27.07.1808
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Lieutenant Captain of the Hungarian Noble
Life Guard: 01.01.1836 –
16.(08.?)01.1850
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC
19.12.1790
Order of St. Stephen – CC: 12.1840
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°52:
07.1825
– 07.03.1855
I.R. Privy Councillor: 12.1836
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
ADB 20, p.527ff. | Blasek/Rieger
1/I, pp.399, 486 | Doerr, p.277 | Frank 3, p.200 | Frank-Döfering,
2641 | Gatti, IngAk, p.326 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.332ff. | MilSchem | MZ,
year 1855, N°29 (from 08.03.1855), p.176 and N°33 (from 17.03.1855),
p.199f. | Wurzbach 17, p.62ff. | Wrede 1, p.478 | Wrede
(6), p.62 | WZ, 03.08.1808, 08.06.1813 | Zivkovic, Generalität,
p.42
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Szentváry-Lukács
Notes
1) MZ N°33:
05.04.1813 (?)
2) MZ N°33: 16.01.1850
(?)
M17
|
Marziani,
Franz
Marziani von Sacile, Franz
Marziani von Sacile, Franz Ritter
|
Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 12.04.1763
Died: Linz / Upper Austria, 08.10.1840
Family Status
Married: Karoline List (1783-1842)
Promotions
Major: 1797
Oberstleutnant: 1799
Oberst: 1800
Generalmajor: 01.09.1807 (w.r.f. 01.08.1805)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 15.07.1812
Feldzeugmeister (title a.h.): 12.06.1835
Retired: 12.06.1835
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
City and Fortress Commandant of Prague:
1825 – 12.06.1835
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility: 09.07.1812 (with predicate: "von
Sacile")
Ritter: 02.08.1818
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Sardinia-Piedmont:
Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus – GC:
before 1796
Printed Sources
Frank 3, p.200 | Frank-Döfering,
2645, 2646 | Gatti, IngAk, p.326f. | Kneschke 6, p.159 | MD
8, p.21 | MilSchem | WZ, 18.11.1807, 05.09.1812 | Zivkovic,
Generalität, p.41
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M18
|
Mathesen,
(Johann) Andreas von
Mathesen, (Johann) Andreas Freiherr von
|
Personal Information
Born: around 1718
Died: Preßburg (Pozsony, Bratislava) / Hungary, 27.05.1793
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 13.02.1767 (w.r.f. 10.01.1759)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.05.1773 (w.r.f. 12.02.1767)
Feldzeugmeister: 03.04.1784 (w.r.f. 23.03.1784)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General in Slavonia and Syrmia: 07.1773
– 04.1784
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 27.10.1770
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantery Regiment N°42: 1775 – 27.05.1793
I.R. Privy Councillor
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Frank 3, p.202 | Megerle, p.300 | MilSchem | Wrede
1, p.417 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.35 | Zivkovic, Heerführer,
p.68
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M19
|
Matthyasovszky de
Alsó-Matthásfalva, Ezechiel
|
Personal Information
Born: 06.02.1730
Died: Winschendorf (Windischdorf, Tótfalu, Slovenska Ves) / Com. Zips
(Szepes) / Hungary, 11.12.1806
Name Variants
also: Matthiasovsky
Promotions
Major: 07.07.1789
Oberstleutnant: 1790
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 04.08.1798 (w.r.f. 03.08.1798)
Retired: 04.08.1798
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Amon, HR1, pp.90, 106, 494, 496 (wrong first name:
"Emil") | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M20
|
Mauroy
de Merville, Franz Freiherr
|
Personal Information
Born: Löwen (Leuven) / Austrian
Netherlands, 1759
Died: 03.04.1816
Name Variants
also: Mouroy
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 1800
Oberst: 1805
Generalmajor: 18.05.1809
Feldmarschalleutnant: 02.09.1813
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the
battle of Caldiero: 15.11.1813 (–)
Commander of the Reserve Corps of the Army of Italy:
06.-07.1815
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC:
18.08.1801 / CC: 08.03.1814
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°23:
06.01.1815 –
03.04.1816
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Russia:
Order of St. Anne 1st cl.
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Born in 1759 Mauroy de Merville received
his promotion to Generalmajor on 18 May 1809. At Wagram and Znaim, he
commanded a brigade in D'Aspre's grenadier division, VI Corps.
On 2 September 1813, he was promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant.
On 15 November 1813, he was in FML Radivojovich's corps, that was defeated by
Prince Eugene at Caldiero. On 6 July 1815, he clashed successfully with the French
at Nantua and again at Fort L'Ecluse over the next two days. He died on 3 April
1816.
Printed Sources
ADB 20, p.710f. | Bodart, p.465 | Buschek,
IR23, II, p.513 | Gatti, IngAk, p.289f. | Hirtenfeld 2, p.1169ff. | Hoen,
1809/IV, p.765, note 3 | MD 8, p.24 | MilSchem | Wrede 1,
p.278 | Wurzbach 17, p.153f. | WZ, 09.09.1813 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, p.134
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M21
|
Mayer,
Georg Joseph von
|
Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 30.05.17741
Died: (Vienna ?), 19.02.1818
Promotions
Major: 1800
Oberstleutnant: 1805
Oberst: 1806
Generalmajor: 30.05.1809
Retired: 07.10.1815
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Hoen, 1809/IV, p.802, note 1 | MilSchem | Pizzighelli,
DR10, p.234, 241, 262, 422 | Svoboda 1, col.204f. (wrong: GM on 25.05.1809) | WZ
11.01.1809
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Svoboda
1, col.204: 30.05.1773 (?)
M22
|
Mayer,
Joseph Georg Ritter von
|
Personal Information
Born: Moschotz (Mosóc, Mošovce)
/ Com. Neutra (Nyitra) / Hungary, 1767
Died: Valenti (n.l.) / Galicia, 09.02.1813
Promotions
Major: 04.1800
Oberstleutnant: ~ 1801
Oberst: 04.1804
Generalmajor: 15.08.1808
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC:
1810
Order of Leopold – KC: 07.01.1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
(?)
Printed Sources
Hirtenfeld 2, p.1031ff. | Leitner
2, p.457 (partly mixed up with M21; wrong: Oberst in 1806 / GM in 1809) | MilSchem | Wurzbach
18, p.147ff. | WZ 03.09.1808, 01.04.1813
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M23
|
Mayer,
Karl Ferdinand von
|
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: 24.02.1798
Name Variants
also: Mayr, Meyer
Family Status
Married: 1780 Maria Anna von Bender (17?? – nach
1798)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor (a.h.): 31.01.1796
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
(?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Roschach, Julius: Die
Genealogie der Patrizierfamilie Bender in Gengenbach. In: Die Ortenau. Veröffentlichungen
des Historischen Vereins für Mittelbaden, year 1992, Offenburg 1992, p.174
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M24
|
Mayer,
Anton
Mayer von Heldensfeld, Anton
Mayer von Heldensfeld, Anton Freiherr
|
Personal Information
Born: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 09.12.1764
Died: Verona / Venetia, 02.06.1842
Family Status
Brother of M25
Promotions
Major: 1795
Oberstleutnant: 1796
Oberst: 1799
Generalmajor: 01.09.1805 (30.01.1804)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 10.09.1809
Feldzeugmeister (title a.h.): 08.02.1836
Retired: 08.02.1836
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff:
01.1806 – 19.02.1809
Fortress Commandant of Brod (Brody ?): 19.02.1809 – 1813
Fortress Commandant of Mantua: 28.04.1814 – 08.02.1836
Field Service (1792-1815)
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff
of the Army of Italy: 03.-04.1797
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff of the Army
of Germany: 09.1805
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff of the Army
of the Tyrol: 11.1805
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility (by elevation of his father):
23.05.1777 (with predicate: "von Heldensfeld")
Freiherr: 21.05.1816
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC:
18.08.1801
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°45:
05.11.1816 – 02.06.1842
I.R. Privy Councillor: 1831
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Russia:
Order of St. Anne 1st cl.
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Anton Mayer von Heldensfeld was born
on 9 December 1764, in Prague. In 1793 he was a captain.
By 1796, he was chief of staff of the Army of the
Lower Rhine under Archduke Carl. He fought at Wetzlar (15 June), Malsch (9 July),
Neresheim (11 August), Amberg (24 August), Würzburg (2 September), Schliengen
(24 October) and at the siege of Kehl (10 November 1796
– 9 January 1797). In 1797, he was again chief-of-staff to Archduke Carl,
this time in Italy. In March 1799, he was again with Archduke Carl, this time
as chief-of-staff to FML Sztaray's corps on the River Neckar. In March 1800,
he was posted to Lemberg, Galicia. On 1 September 1805, he was promoted to Generalmajor and
appointed chief-of-staff to Archduke Johann's corps, in Innsbruck, defending
the Strub, Scharnitz and Leutasch passes. On 19 February 1809, he fell out with
Archduke Carl and was posted to Brod, Croatia as fortress commander. On 10 September
1809, he was promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant. Upon his retirement on
8 February 1836, he was promoted to Feldzeugmeister. He died on 2 June
1842.
Printed Sources
ADB 21, p.130ff. (wrong: FML in 1810) | Angeli,
Carl 4, p.12 | Dragoni, IR45, p.244ff. | Frank 3, pp.211, 235 | Frank-Döfering,
2678 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.606ff. | Hollins, p.48f. (wrong: b. 1765) | Kneschke
6, p.189 | Leitner 2, p.126ff. | MilSchem | Regele, p.30 | Svoboda
1, col.111f. (wrong: GM in 1801) | Wrede 1, p.435 | Wrede (6),
p.41 | Wurzbach 18, p.83ff. | WZ, 25.11.1809 | Zivkovic,
Generalität, p.41 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.109, 110
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/mayer.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Leitner
2: 1794 (?)
M25
|
Mayer
von Heldensfeld, Johann
|
Personal Information
Born: Planitz (Plánice) / Bohemia,
25.05.1768
Died: Vienna, 23.02.1839
Family Status
Brother of M24
Promotions
Major: 04.06.1801
Oberstleutnant: 12.03.1805
Oberst: 1809
Generalmajor: 26.07.1813
Retired: 1832
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Arad: 1826-1832
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility (by elevation of his father):
23.05.1777 (with predicate: "von Heldensfeld")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Kneschke 6, p.189 | Leitner 2,
p.146 | MilSchem | Svoboda 1, col.145 | (Wurzbach, 18, p.85) | WZ,
31.07.1813, 14.10.1813
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M26
|
Mayersheim
von Ehrenreich, Honorius Freiherr
|
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Peterwardein (Petrovaradin, Pétervarád)
/ Slavonia, 14.09.17991
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 27.05.1789 (w.r.f. 15.04.1789)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 21.08.1796 (w.r.f. 14.02.1794)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Peterwardein:
1st H. 1799 – 14.09.1799
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
(?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Schmidt-Brentano:
13.09.1799 (?)
M27
|
Mazzuchelli,
Alois Graf
|
Personal Information
Born: Brescia / Lombardy, 17.09.17761
Died: 05.08.1868
Name Variants
also: Mazzucchelli
Family Status
Married: 1800 Pauline d’Eydery
de St. Laurent (1784-1859)
Promotions
Italy (France):
General of Brigade: 1808
General of Division: 1814
Into Austrian service: 1814
Feldmarschalleutnant: 02.07.1814
Feldzeugmeister: 15.09.1834
Retired: 01.04.1844
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General in Moravia and Silesia:
06.1834 – 08.1839
Fortress Governor of Mantua: 1839 – 01.04.1844
Elevation of Social Status
(österreichischer) Graf (Austrian
count): 07.04.1831
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of Leopold – CC: 23.07.1815
Order of the Iron Crown 2nd cl.: 12.02.1816
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°10:
1817 – 05.08.1868
I.R. Privy Councillor: 1834
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Baden:
Order of Military Merit of Charles Frederick – CC
Italy (France):
Order of the Iron Crown 2nd cl.
Papal State:
Order of St. Gregor – GC/2nd cl.: 1834
Printed Sources
ADB 21, p.150f. | Frank 3, p.218 | Kneschke
6, p.197 | MD 3, p.192 | MilSchem | Wrede 1, p.182 | Wurzbach
17, p.216 | WZ, 07.08.1814, 01.09.1815, 20.02.1816 | Zivkovic,
Generalität, p.41 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.53
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Schmidt-Brentano:
17.06.1776 (?)
M28
|
Mécsery
de Tsoor, Daniel
Mécsery de Tsoor, Daniel Freiherr
|
Personal Information
Born: Güns (Köszeg) / Com.
Eisenburg (Vas) / Hungary, 29.09.1759
Died: Vienna, 30.12.1823
Promotions
Major: 17.12.1796
Oberstleutnant: 31.08.1797
Oberst: 08.05.1798
Generalmajor: 29.10.18001 (w.r.f.
15.01.1801)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 12.02.18092
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Adlatus of the Commanding General in
the Banal Military Border: 1808/09
Adlatus of the Commanding General in the Karlstadt-Warasdin
Military Border: 02.-11.1809
Commanding General ad interim in the Banat:
1811 –
07.1813
Commanding General ad interim in Moravia and
Silesia: 12.1813
– 07.1814
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the
combat of Lambach: 19.12.1800 (–)
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 29.10.1806 (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC:
11.05.1796 / CC: 01.03.1808
Golden Civil Honor Cross 1813/14: 16.09.1815
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Hussar Regiment N°2:
1809 –
30.12.1823
I.R. Privy Councillor: 1819
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Daniel Mécsery de Tsoor was born
on 29 September 1759, in Güns (Köszeg), in Hungary, just south of the
Neusiedler See. In 1792, he was an adjutant to Oberst Graf von Keglevich,
commander of Infantry Regiment N°33 "Graf von Sztáray". In 1793/94,
he was adjutant to GM Freiherr Ott von Bartokéz. On 11 May 1796, he was
awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order. In this year
he fought as an officer in Hussar Regiment "Barco" N°35 and was distinguished
in the battle of Biberach on 1 October. In 1798, he was promoted to Oberst and
given command of his regiment. In the battle of Stockach (25 March 1799) he rescued
the mortally wounded GM Karl Christoph von Piaczeck from a mob of French soldiers.
On 29 October 1800, he was promoted to Generalmajor and commanded the
Avantgarde in the battle of Hohenlinden on 3 December. For the 1805 campaign
Mécsery commanded an infantry brigade in Hessen-Homburg's division and
was distinguished in the battle of Elchingen on 14 October. For this he was awarded
the Commander's Cross of the MMTO on 1 March 1808. In 1809, he commanded an Insurrections
cavalry brigade in the left wing at the battle of Raab on 14 June. On 12 February
1809, he was promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant. He died on 30 December
1823.
Printed Sources
ADB 21, p.163ff. | Amon, HR10,
pp.169, 179, 216ff. (wrong: b. 1760) | Bodart, p.358 | Böhm
1, p.414 | Borus, p.40f. | Hirtenfeld 2, p.813ff. (wrong: b. 1760) | MD
8, p.27 | MilSchem | ÖBL 6, p.180 | Preyer, p.115 | Wrede
3, p.238 | Wurzbach 17, p.231 | WZ, 30.09.1815 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, pp.53, 65, 69
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/mecsery.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Amon, HR10,
p.216f.: 28.10.1800 (?)
2) Amon, HR10, p.220: 16.02.1809
(?)
M29
|
Mécsery
de Tsoor, (Karl) Johann
Mécsery de Tsoor, (Karl) Johann Freiherr
|
Personal Information
Born: Raab (Györ) / Hungary, 24.06.17701
Died: Linz / Upper Austria, 26.12.1832
Family Status
Married: Anna von Zalka (?-1836)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1809
Generalmajor: 12.05.1813
Feldmarschalleutnant: 15.05.1825
Retired: 31.07.1832
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Military Commander in Upper Austria (Linz): 11.1830 – 31.07.1832
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 29.10.1806
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 14.09.1809
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°51:
02.1822 – 26.12.1832
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Russia:
Order of St. Anne 1st cl.: 1818
Printed Sources
Hirtenfeld 2, p.985ff. | MD 8, p.27 | MilSchem | Schmedes,
IR28, pp.293, 308 | Wrede 1, p.471 | Wurzbach 17, p.235f. | WZ,
01.07.1813 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.73
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) MD / Schmidt-Brentano:
25.06.1770 (?)
M30
|
Melas,
Michael Friedrich Benedikt Freiherr von
|
Personal Information
Born: Radeln bei Schäßburg (Rados, Roadas)
/ Transylvania, 12.05.1729
Died: Elbeteinitz (Týnec nad Labem) / Bohemia,
31.05.1806
Family Status
Married: 1769 Josepha Lok von Netzky
Promotions
Major: 04.1772
Oberstleutnant: 11.1777
Oberst: 11.1781
Generalmajor: 18.06.1789 (w.r.f. 15.06.1789)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 11.06.1794 (w.r.f. 01.05.1794)
General der Kavallerie: 03.02.1799 (w.r.f. 02.02.1799)
Retired: 10.01.1803
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General in Venetia: 04.1799 – 09.1800
Commanding General in Inner Austria and the Tyrol:
09.1800 – 04.1801
Commanding General in Bohemia: 04.1801 – 01.01.1803
Field Command (1792-1815)
Commander of the Army of Italy: 04.1799 – 15.09.1800
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Savigliano: 18.09.1799 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Centallo: 31.10.1799 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Genola: 04.11.1799 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Mondovi: 13.11.1799 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Cadibuona: 06.04.1800 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Sassello: 10.04.1800 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Voltri: 18.04.1800 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Marengo: 14.06.1800 (–)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – CC: 15.05.1799
Colonel-Proprietor of the Cuirassier Regiment N°6
/ (since 1802:) Dragoon Regiment N°6: 21.06.1799 – 31.05.1806
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
(?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Born on 12 May 1720 in radeln near Schässburg
(now Sigishoara) in Transylvania Melas joined the Austrian army in 1752, went
into the Infantry Regiment "Arenberg" N°21 and fought in the Seven Years
War as ADC to FM Leopold Graf von Daun. In 1771 he transferred to Infantry Regiment "Batthyány" N°34,
as major; six years later, he was Oberstleutnant, commanding a grenadier
battalion. In 1778, he transferred to Carabinier Regiment N°15; in November
1781, he was promoted to Oberst in Cürassier Regiment " Trauttmannsdorff" N°21.
He transferred again, in 1788 to Chevauxleger Regiment "Lobkowitz"
N°28. From 1787-92 he fought with this regiment against the Turks in Syrmia
and in the Banat. He was also in action at Belgrade on 22 July 1788 and in the
withdrawal from Karanzebes, later that year.
On 18 June 1789, Melas was promoted to Generalmajor and
commanded a brigade in the corps of GdK Graf von Kinsky. He fought in the campaigns
of 1793 on the Sambre and 1794 on the Rhine (in Blankenstein's corps), was at
the siege of Mainz in 1793, and at that of Mannheim in 1794. In September 1794,
he was fighting at Spangen and Oberkail, some 38 km north of Trier. Melas was
promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant on 11 June of that year. On 1 December
1794, he defeated an attack by a superior French force under GdD Kleber at Zahlbach.
In the 1795 campaign, he was effective in the victory at Mainz, the capture of
Mannheim and the occupation of the west bank of the River Rhine from the River
Nahe to Speyerbach.
In 1796 Melas commanded a division in Italy under
FZM Beaulieu. After the battle of Lodi (10 May), he commanded the Reserve of
4,500 men at Olioso. When the Mincio line was broken at Borghetto on 30 May,
he withdrew up into the Tyrol. After Beaulieu resigned his command in June Melas
took over until Wurmser arrived in mid-July. Melas then commanded Wurmser's left
hand column on the east side of Lake Garda in the advance down to Rivoli. On
29 July the Austrians attacked Massena who fell back to Pievetano after losing
2,800 men and 9 guns. Melas was in the second attempt to relieve Mantua in September
1796 and was shut up in the place until its capitulation in early 1797.
On 3 February 1799, he was promoted Feldzeugmeister,
made Proprietor of Cuirassier Regiment N°6 and commanded the Austrian army
in Italy. In the early part of the campaign he enjoyed much success together
with Suvorov against the French at Cassano, on the Trebbia River and at Novi.
Following the withdrawal of the Russians he continued to be successful at Savigliano
and Fossano against GdD Jean-Etienne Championet. In 1800 he attacked Massena
at Voltri and won again. He forced Massena's surrender in the siege of Genoa
on 4 June but was then decisively beaten by Napoleon at Marengo ten days later.
He had been wounded early in this battle, and when it seemed that the action
had been won, he handed over command to General Zach, his Chief-of-Staff, and
left the field. Unfortunately, his departure coincided with the arrival of General
Dessaix's column on the field. The resultant French counter-attack captured Zach,
and the leaderless Austrian army was routed.
Melas knew that he had not the resources to continue
the campaign and was forced to conclude an armistice next day. He then signed
the Convention of Alessandria giving the French control of Italy up to the Mincio
River. As a token of his respect for his conduct, Napoleon presented Melas with
a sabre which he had brought as a trophy from Egypt. Melas resigned and handed
over his command to Bellegarde. This crushing victory enabled Napoleon to return
to Paris and confim his position as political leader of the French. Austria's
will to continue the war was broken. Melas retired on 10 January 1803 and died
in on 31 May 1806 in Elbeteinitz in Bohemia.
Printed Sources
ADB 21, p.280ff. | Bodart, pp.342, 346-351,
355 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.541ff. | Hollins, p.26ff. | Kreipner,
IR34, pp.166, 171, 177 | MilSchem | NDB 17, p.1f. | Strobl,
DR12, pp.99, 115 | Victorin, DR7, pp.193 (wrong: b. 1735), 403 | Wrede
3, p.209 | Wrede (6), p.31 | Wurzbach 17, p.322ff. (wrong: b. 1735) | MD
4, p.5 (wrong: b. in Moravia, 1730) | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.37 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, pp.51, 54, 60
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/melas.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M31
|
Mensdorff-Pouilly,
Emanuel Graf
|
Personal Information
Born: Pouilly-sur-Meuse / Lorraine / France, 24.01.1777
Died: Vienna, 28.06.1852
Name Variants
(French) Emmanuel Comte de Mensdorff-Pouilly
Family Status
Married: 1804 Sophie Prinzessin von Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld
(1778-1835)
Brother-in-law of S3 (Ernst I. von Sachsen-Coburg)
and S4 (Ferdinand von Sachsen-Coburg-Koháry)
Promotions
Major: 22.02.1808
Oberstleutnant: 17.06.1809
Oberst: 17.08.1810
Quit: 1812
Re-Entry: 1813
Generalmajor: 15.05.18151
Feldmarschalleutnant: 20.08.1829
General der Kavallerie: 23.12.1845
Retired: 16.05.1848
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Mainz: 1824-1829
Fortress Vice-Governor of Mainz: 1829-1833
Commanding General in Transylvania: 23.03.1833 – 06.1834
Commanding General in Bohemia: 08.05.1834 – 02.1840
Second Vice-President of the Aulic War Council: 1840 – 16.05.1848
Elevation of Social Status
österreichischer Graf (Austrian count): 29.11.1818
("Mensdorff-Pouilly")
Chivalric Order
Knight of the Order of Malta
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC. 1810
Order of Leopold – GC: 1843
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Hussar Regiment N°1:
26.06.1825
– 28.06.1852
I.R. Privy Councillor: 1834
I.R. Chamberlain: 1804 (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Belgium:
Order of Leopold – CC: 13.03.1845
Great Britain:
Order of Bath – GC: 1842
Hessen-Darmstadt:
Order of Ludwig – GC: 1831
Poland (Russia):
Order of the White Eagle: 1835
Prussia:
Order of the Black Eagle: 1847
Order of the Red Eagle 2nd cl.: 1825 / 1st cl.: 1829
/ w.d.: 1834
Order Pour-le-Mérite
Russia:
Order of St. Alexander Nevskij: 1838
Order of St. George 4th cl.: 24.[12.]05.1814
Order of St. Vladimir 3rd cl.: 1813
Order of St. Anne 2nd cl.
Saxony:
Military Order of St. Henry – CC
Combined Saxonian Duchies:
Ernestine House Order – GC: 1834
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Emanuel Graf Mensdorff-Pouilly was born on 24 January
1777 in Poilly-sur-Meuse in Lorraine; in 1792 he joined the Émigré
movement and in the next year joined the Austrian army, in the cavalry. On 21
July 1796 he was badly wounded in the clash at Cannstadt on the River Neckar.
In 1805 he was Rittmeister and active in leading the breakout of Jellachich's
cavalry at Dornbirn on 13 November.
In the 1809 campaign Mensdorff was major in the Uhlan
Regiment Merveldt N°1; he was distinguished and wounded in the victorious
skirmish at Amberg on 13 April and again in the Austrian defeat at Regensburg
on 23 April. For Amberg the Emperor awarded him the Knight's Cross of the Military
Maria Theresian Order. He now became Oberstleutnant in the Fränkische
Legion and raided French lines of communication in Franconia.
In 1813, as Oberst, he was appointed to command
a Streifkorps in the Army of Bohemia, once again raiding the French communications.
He harried the retreating French army after their defeat at the battle of Leipzig,
and crossed the Rhine into France at Gernsheim, between Mainz and Worms. After
the Napoleonic Wars Mensdorff reached the the rank of General der Kavallerie (1845)
and was appointed to highest positions of the Austrian army. He died in Vienna
on 28 June 1852.
Printed Sources
ADB 21, p.366ff. | Amon, HR1, p.383, 406ff.
(wrong: b. in Nancy), 490 | Frank 4, p.102 | Frank-Döfering,
3480 | Hirtenfeld 2, p.906ff. | MD 4, p.8 | Petiot, p.371f. | MilSchem | Riedl,
UR3, pp.290, 335 (wrong: d. in Prague, 1848) | Tassigny, Eddie de: Les
Mensdorff-Pouilly. Le destin d'une famille
émigrée en 1790, Bihorel 1998, pp.31ff., 36 (with several wrong
dates) | Wrede 3, p.232 | Wurzbach 17, p.368ff. | WZ, 23.12.1809 | Zivkovic,
Generalität, p.42 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.51, 58
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/bohemia/mensdorff.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/mensdorff.html)
Vederman
Notes
1) Petiot: 25.05.1815 (?)
M32
|
Mercandin,
(Ignaz) Karl Graf
|
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: WIA
Magnano / Venetia, 05.04.1799 à Verona /
Venetia, 13.04.1799
Name Variants
also: Mercantin
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 01.02.1777
Oberst: 20.07.1785
Generalmajor: 21.11.1792
Feldmarschalleutnant: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 12.10.1795)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
(?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Ignaz Karl Graf von Mercandin was promoted to Generalmajor on
21 November 1792. In 1795, he commanded a cavary brigade in the garrison of Mainz.
He was promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant on 4 March 1796. In that year,
he served in Erzherzog Carl's Army of the Lower Rhine as a divisional commander.
Early in 1797, his division was sent down to reinforce the battered remnants
of Alvinczy's Italian army. They reached Klagenfurth on 29 March. Erzherzog Carl,
who had taken over from Alvinczy, now had about 30,000 troops left after the
disasters of Rivoli and Tarvis. Mercandin was driven out of the town by Napoleon
on 30 March and followed Erzherzog Carl to St Veith, east of Klagenfurt. In 1799
he was in Italy as commander of a division. At the outbreak of hostilities this
division was at Bevilaqua, southeast of Verona, east of the River Adige. Mercandin
was wounded at Magnano on 5 April 1799 and died on 13 April that same year.
Printed Sources
Allmayer-Beck, p.75 | MD 8, p.33 (w/o date
of birth) | MilSchem | Wurzbach 17, p.383
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/mercantin.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M33
|
Mercandin
de Ruffin, Johann Baptist Graf
|
Personal Information
Born: 1748
Died: Vienna, 12.11.18131
Name Variants
also: Mercantin
Promotions
Major: 19.07.1788 (1789 ?)
Oberstleutnant: 1790
Oberst: 1796
Generalmajor: 06.03.1800 (w.r.f. 01.03.1800)
Retired: 1805
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Decoration of the Elisabeth Theresian Military Foundation:
1806
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
(?)
Printed Sources
Auer, N°179 | MD 8, p.33 | MilSchem | Victorin,
DR7, pp.204 (Mjr on 19.07.1788 ?), 403, 405f. (Mjr in 1789 ?), 431 | Wurzbach
17, p.382
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Schmidt-Brentano: 13.11.1813
(?)
M34
|
Mercy
d’Argenteau, Eugen Gillis Wilhelm
Graf
|
Personal Information
Born: Huy (Hoei) / Austrian Netherlands, 30.12.1743
Died: Brünn (Brno) / Moravia, 04.05.1819
Name Variants
(French) Eugéne-Guillaume-Alexis Comte
de Mercy d’Argenteau
Promotions
Major: 01.12.1773
Oberstleutnant: 1781
Oberst: 01.05.1784
Generalmajor: 09.10.17891 (w.r.f.
03.10.1789)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 06.05.1795)
Feldzeugmeister: 06.09.1808
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Adlatus of the Commanding General in Moravia and
Silesia: 1802/03 –
1809
City Commandant of Brünn: 1804-1808
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Montenotte: 11./12.04.1796 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Dego: 14./15.04.1796 (–)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 11.05.1796
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°35:
1804
– 01.05.1809
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°35:
01.05.1809 – 04.05.1819
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Eugen Gillis Wilhelm Graf Mercy d'Argenteau was born
in 1743 in Huy, southwest of Liege. In 1760 he joined Infantry Regiment "Mercy
d'Argentau" N°56. He was distinguished in the battle of Torgau on 3 November
1760 and at the storm of Schweidnitz in October 1761. In 1773 he transferred
to Infantry Regiment N°16, then moved to Infantry Regiment "Loudon" N°29
on promotion to Major. In the Turkish wars (1787-1789) he was an Oberst and
commanded his regiment. He was distinguished in the battle of Belgrade in the
autumn of 1789.
In 1794 Mercy d'Argenteau was Generalmajor under
FZM De Vins in the left wing of the army in Italy. On 24 March he was thrown
out of the Mont Cenis post by GdB Henry-Amamble Sarret. On 19 September 1795
D'Argenteau launched an assault on the heights of Sucarello near Borghetto, which
failed, and on 23 November he was pushed back by Massena and cut off from the
army of Savoy under Colli. He then fell back over the Bormida River. On 11 May
1796, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order.
Early this same year, he was promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant. In
1796 he was Division Commander in the army in Italy under Beaulieu and commanded
the brigades of Lipthay, Rukavina, Pittoni and Sullich. He fought at Voltri on
10 April, but was beaten by Napoleon at Montenotte on the next two days. Due
to a misunderstanding of a confused order from Beaulieu's staff, he suffered
heavy losses at Dego on 14 April. In 1805 D'Argenteau commanded the centre of
the army (five divisions) in Italy and fought at Caldiero. On 6 September 1808
he was promoted to Feldzeugmeister upon
retirement. In 1809 he was appointed Full Proprietor of Infantry Regiment N°35.
He died on 4 May 1819 in Vienna.
Printed Sources
ADB 1, p.524 | Bodart, p.306, 307 | Hirtenfeld
1, p.490f. | Hödl, IR29, pp.157f., 170, 580 (wrong: b. 1745) | May,
IR35, pp.141, 146, 167 | MilSchem | ÖBL 1, p.28 | ÖMKL
1, p.125 | Sturm 1, p.25 (wrong: b. 1741) | Wrede 1, p.367 | Wurzbach
1, p.64 | WZ, 21.09.1808 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.38 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, p.53
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/argenteau.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Hödl, IR29, p.170: "mit
Generalbefehl vom 14. Oktober [1789]"
M35
|
Mercy
d’Argenteau, Ludwig Oktavius
Graf
|
Personal Information
Born: 13.10.1710
Died: Münster / Münster (prince-bishopric),
01.04.1802
Name Variants
(French) Louis-Octave-Denis Comte de Mercy
d’Argenteau
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 18.03.1756
Feldmarschalleutnant: 18.04.1758 (w.r.f. 31.12.1756)
General der Kavallerie: 03.04.1784 (w.r.f. 30.08.1770)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
(?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.34
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M36
|
Mersics,
Joseph (Franz) (Freiherr ?) von
|
Personal Information
Born: Dörgicse / Com. Zala / Hungary, 1721
Died: 30.03.18011
Promotions
Major: 01.09.1771
Oberstleutnant: 01.12.1780
Oberst: 01.05.1784
Generalmajor: 10.11.1788 (w.r.f. 21.11.1788)
Retired: 1788
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
(?)
Printed Sources
Blažekovič, IR31, I, p.112 / II, p.377f. | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Blažekovič, IR31, II, p.378: 20.03.1801 (?)
M37
|
Merveldt,
Maximilian Graf von
|
Personal Information
Born: (Münster / Münster [prince-bishopric]
?), 29.07.1764
Died: London / England, 05.07.1815
Name Variants
also: Me(e)rfeld(t), Me(e)rveld, Me(e)rvelt
Family Status
Married: 1807 Maria Theresia Gräfin von Dietrichstein,
the divorced Gräfin Kinsky (1768-1822) (see: K33)
Promotions
Major: 14.02.1790
Oberstleutnant: 03.04.1793
Oberst: 26.04.1794
Generalmajor: 08.09.1796 (w.r.f. 10.09.1796)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 04.09.1800 (w.r.f. 05.09.1800)
General der Kavallerie: 22.07.1813
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Ambassador in St. Petersburg (Russia): 01.02.18061 – 19.06.1808 2
Fortress Governor of Theresienstadt: 22.07.- E.08.18133
Commanding General in Moravia and Silesia: 11.1813 – 05.07.1815
Envoy extraordinary in London (Great Britain): 07.03.1814 –
05.07.1815
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the (autonomous) Reserve Corps of the
Army of Germany: 15.10.1805
– 12.1805
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff ad interim of
the allied army: 10.-11.1805
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Mariazell: 08.11.1805 (–)
Commander of the 2nd Army Detachment (= Army Corps):
09.-10.1813
Chivalric Order
Knight of the Teutonic Order (Bailiwick Franconia):
20.02.1792 –
18.03.1807 (resignation)
Commander of Mainz and Kloppenheim
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 07.07.1794
Order of Leopold – GC: 1814
Colonel-Proprietor of the Uhlan Regiment "Merveldt" /
(since 1798:) N°1: 05.11.1797 – 05.07.1815
I.R. Privy Councillor: 25.10.1806
I.R. Chamberlain: 1797
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Russia:
Order of St. Alexander Nevskij: 02.11.1813
Sardinia-Piedmont:
Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus: 06.01.18074
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Born on 29 June 1764 into an old Westfalian family
which was ennobled in 1726 Count Merveldt entered Austrian military service in
1780 as a cadet and fought in the Turkish wars 1787-1789 as Captain and Flügel-Adjutant to
FM Graf Lacy. Merveldt fought in the second Turkish war in the Freicorps Grün-Loudon.
1790 – Major on the staff of FM Loudon in Moravia; 1791 – spent a
year as a novice in the Teutonic Order in Bonn.
In 1793 he fought at Neerwinden as major and Flügel
Adjutant to the Prinz von Sachsen-Coburg, and was distinguished when he led
two grenadier battalions to repel a French assault on the right wing. He was
sent to Vienna with the news of the victory and was then attached to the Duke
of York's staff. Merveldt distinguished himself at Famars and at Valenciennes
and – in 1794 – again at Landrecy on 22 April, where he commanded
the right wing. He was promoted on the field to Oberst; again distinguished
at Tournay, he then he went on sick leave.
In 1796 he transferred to Chevauxleger Regiment "Karaczay" N°18;
distinguished again at Wetzlar and Uckerath where he saved the Austrian artillery.
He was promoted Generalmajor on 8 September of that year and commanded
a cavalry brigade in Werneck's Reserve of the Army of the Lower Rhine.
In 1799 Merveldt was distinguished at Offenburg,
for which he was promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant on 4 September 1800.
He signed the armistice of Kremsmünster with Moreau. At the defeat in the
battle of Hohenlinden on 3 December Merveldt commanded a division in the left
wing.
In 1805 he was initally in Berlin, but then travelled
back to the Danube valley where he fought a series of rearguard actions with
his corps being scattered at Gross-Ramig (Mariazell) by Marshal Davout on 8 November.
After this war, he acted as ambassador to St. Petersburg
for over two years and was appointet Prive Councillor. In 1808 he was given command
of a cavalry division in Lemberg. In the 1809 campaign, Merveldt covered the
Bukowina and part of Galicia. He then spent three years in Moravia. On 22 July
1813 he was appointed governor of the fortress of Theresienstadt and shortly
after that Commanding General in Moravia and Silesia. He then became commander
of II Corps. He distinguished himself at Nollendorf (Kulm) on 29-30 August 1813.
At Leipzig on 16 October Merveldt was wounded and captured, but released by Napoleon
after a meeting, to take peace proposals to the allied monarchs. These were rejected
out of hand. In January 1814 he was sent as extraordinary ambassador to London,
where he died on 5 July 1815.
Printed Sources
ADB 21, p.476ff. | Bodart, p.368 | Erneuerte
Vaterländische Blätter für den
österreichischen Kaiserstaat, year 1815, N°79, p.499ff. | Hirtenfeld
1, p.419f. | Matsch, pp.114, 122 | MD 8, p.35 (wrong: b. 29.06.1764) | MilSchem | Repertorium
3, pp.89, 276, 280 | Ritter, p.179 (wrong: b. 29.06.1764) | Sapper,
Christian: General der Kavallerie Maximilian Graf Merveldt 1764-1815, Ph.D. thesis,
Vienna 1974 | Wrede 3, p.319 | Wurzbach 17, p.413ff. (wrong: b.
29.06.1764) | WZ, 14.10.1813, 27.01.1814, 19.02.1814, 25.08.1815 | Zivkovic,
Generalität, p.39 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.53, 110, 129, 132
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/merveldt.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) Until 24.08.1806 only
provisional ambassador
2) Matsch, p.122: 14.08.1806 – 02.05.1808
(?)
3) Assumption on 10.08.1813
4) Date of the imperial
permission to accept the order
M38
|
Mesko
de Felsö-Kubiny, Joseph Freiherr
|
Personal Information
Born: Erdö-Tarcsá / Com. Neograd (Nógrád)
/ Hungary, 28.01.1762
Died: Güns (Köszeg) / Com. Eisenburg (Vas)
/ Hungary, 29.08.1815
Promotions
Major: 31.08.1797
Oberstleutnant: 15.09.1800
Oberst: 26.11.1800
Generalmajor: 23.06.1808 (w.r.f. 13.08.1805)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 07.04.1813
Retired: 1814
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 18.08.1801
/ CC: 25.08.1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
(?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Joseph de Mesko Freiherr von Felsö-Kubiny was
born on 28 January 1762 in Erdö-Tarcsá, northeast of Budapest, Hungary.
In 1799, he fought as a Major in Italy and was distinguished at Verona,
the capture of Casale, the capture of Turin, the relief of Ceva fortress and
at Cuneo. In September 1800 he was promoted to Oberstleutnant and in the
next month to Oberst. The following year Mesko was awarded the Knight's
Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order. In the war of 1805, he commanded
a garrison in upper Styria. He was promoted to Generalmajor in 1808 and
in 1809, Mesko commanded a brigade of the Hungarian Insurrection Army. After
the battle of Raab, on 14 June, he was completely cut off, with 5,000 men and
10 guns, in the redoubts between the Raab and the Raabnitz Rivers. In the following
two days, he repelled repeated French attacks and even managed to take 7 officers
and 300 men prisoner. On 16 June, he also managed to free a convoy of 36 Austrian
officers and 500 men, which he ambushed at Kis-Szél. On 25 August 1809,
he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the MMTO.
In 1813, as Feldmarschalleutnant, he commanded
a division in GdK Graf von Klenau's IV Corps on the Army of Bohemia. At the battle
of Dresden, 26 August, his division was cut off on the left wing, attacked by
Latour-Maubourg's entire cavalry corps and forced to surrender after a hard fight.
Mesko was wounded. He retired in September 1814 and died in Güns, in Hungary,
southwest of the Neusiedler See, on 29 August 1815.
Printed Sources
ADB 21, p.485ff. | Amon, HR10, pp.177, 180ff.
(wrong: b. 1757) | Erneuerte Vaterländische Blätter für
den österreichischen Kaiserstaat, year 1815, N°86, p.542 | Hirtenfeld
2, p.880ff. | MD 8, p.35 | MilSchem | Ridler, J.W.: Der
Rückzug des Generals Mesko nach der Schlacht bey Raab. In: Hormayer, Joseph
von (Ed.): Taschenbuch für die vaterländische Geschichte, year 1813,
Vienna 1813, p.247ff. | Wurzbach 17,
p.424ff. | WZ, 09.07.1808, 11.05.1813, 08.06.1813
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/mesko.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
M39
|
Mészáros
de Szoboszló, Johann
|
Personal Information
Born: Kún-Hegyes / Com. Jasz-Nagykun-Szolnok
/ Hungary, 1737
Died: Csomaköz / Com. Szatmár / Hungary,
17.11.18011
Family Status
Married: Maria Diószeghi
Promotions
Major: 10.01.1774
Oberstleutnant: 01.11.1778
Oberst: 01.05.1784
Generalmajor: 14.08.17892 (w.r.f.
10.08.1789)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 02.06.1794)
Retired: 28.02.1797
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria) | |
