|
By Leopold
Kudrna, with Biographical Essays by Digby Smith.
Austrian
Generals
1792-1815
S
Part 1
Saamen to Smola
| S1 |
Saamen,
Friedrich Freiherr von |
Personal
Information
Born: around 1719
Died: 18.08.1803
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst
Generalmajor: 12.08.1788 (w.r.f.
06.08.1788)
Retired: 1792
Orders,
Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders,
Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
– (?)
Printed
Sources
MilSchem
Internet
Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S2 |
Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld,
Christian Franz Prinz von |
Personal Information
Born: Coburg / Saxony-Coburg, 25.01.1730
Died: Coburg / Saxony-Coburg, 18.09.1797
Family Status
Brother of S5
Uncle of S6
Promotions
Major: –
Oberstleutnant: 1751
Oberst: 12.1756
Generalmajor: 08.01.1763 (w.r.f. 10.07.1758)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Prussia:
Order of the Red Eagle ?.cl.: before 1796
Printed Sources
Hödl, IR29, pp.90, 98, 647 (wrong: b. 1728
/ Oberst in 1757) | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/wettin/wettin8.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S3 |
Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld,
Ernst Anton Karl Prinz von
Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld,
Ernst I. Anton Karl Herzog von
Sachsen-Coburg
und Gotha, Ernst I. Anton Karl Herzog von |
Personal Information
Born: Coburg / Saxony-Coburg, 02.01.1784
Died: Coburg / Saxony-Coburg, 29.01.1844
Family Status
Nephew of S6
Brother of S4
Brother-in-law of M31 (Mensdorff-Pouilly)
Married (1): 1817 Luise Prinzessin von Sachsen-Gotha
(1800-1831), div. 1826
Married (2): 1832 Marie Herzogin von Württemberg
(1799-1860)
Promotions
Russia:
Generalmajor: 31.03.[19.03.]1801
Generalleutnant: 28.12.[16.12.]1813
General der Kavallerie: 18.12.[06.12.]1832
Saxony:
General der Kavallerie:
Austria:
General der Kavallerie: 16.09.1815
Elevation of Social Status / Change of Title
Regierender Herzog (souvereign prince): 09.12.1806
Regierender Herzog von Sachsen-Gotha (souvereign
prince of Soxony-Gotha): 12.11.1826
Change of title to: "Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha": 12.11.1826
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of St. Stephen – GC: 1820
Colonel-Proprietor of the Uhlan Regiment N°1:
1815 – 29.01.1844
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Great
Britain:
Order of the Garter: 16.07.1838
Prussia:
Order of the Black Eagle
Order of the Red Eagle 1st cl.
Russia:
Order of St. Andrew
Order of St. Alexander-Nevskij
Order of St. Anne 1st cl.
Saxony:
Order of the Rue Crown
Military Order of St. Henry – GC: E. 1815
Printed Sources
ADB 6, p.313 | Keerl, Erich: Herzog Ernst
I. von Sachsen-Coburg zwischen Napoleon und Metternich. Ein deutscher Kleinstaat
im politischen Kräftespiel der Grossmächte 1800-1830, Ph.D. thesis,
Erlangen, 1973 (Ed. as photo-offset-print), p.88 and passim | MilSchem | NDB
4, p.620f. | Wrede 3, p.319 | WZ, 20.10.1815, 09.01.1816 | Zivkovic,
Generalität, p.40
Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/wettin/wettin8.html)
Podmazo, Alexander: Internet-Projekt 1812 (http://www.museum.ru/museum/1812/Persons/russ/ra_s08.html)
Rayment
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/saxony.html)
| S4 |
Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld,
Ferdinand Georg August Prinz von
Sachsen-Coburg-Koháry,
Ferdinand Georg August Herzog von |
Personal Information
Born: Coburg / Saxony-Coburg, 28.03.1785
Died: Vienna, 27.08.1851
Name Variants
In military service 1813 under his pseudonym "Graf
Sorbenburg"
Family Status
Brother of S3
Nephew of S6
Brother-in-law of M31 (Mensdorff-Pouilly)
Married: 1815 Marie Antonia Prinzessin Koháry
de Csábrág (1797-1862)
Promotions
Major: 29.09.18041
Oberstleutnant: 06.08.1805
Oberst: 15.09.1808
Generalmajor: 03.04.1811
Left
service: 1811
Into
Austrian service again:1813
Feldmarschalleutnant: 28.12.1824
General der Kavallerie: 11.06.1841
On
leave: 01.04.1830
Quit:
03.04.1841
Elevation of Social Status / Change of Title
Herzog: 1826
Change of title to "Sachsen-Coburg-Koháry":
1826
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 1810 /
CC: 1815 (1816?)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Uhlan Regiment N°2:
08.05.1822 – 1828
Colonel-Proprietor of the Hussar Regiment N°8:
22.11.1828 – 27.08.1851
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Baden:
Order of the Lion of Zähringen – GC: 1844
Belgium:
Order of Leopold – GC: 1834
France:
Order of the Légion d'Honneur – GC:
1840
Great
Britain:
Order of Bath – GC: 1839/40
Hannover:
Guelphic Order – GC: 1819
Portugal:
Order of Christ – GC: 1839
Order of the Tower and the Sword – GC: 1839
Prussia:
Order of the Red Eagle 1st cl.
Russia:
Order of St. George 4th cl.: 18152
Saxony:
Order of the Rue Crown: E. 1815
Combined
Saxonian Duchies:
Ernestinian House Order – GC: 1834
Printed Sources
ADB 6, p.709f. | Hirtenfeld 2, p.1127ff. | MilSchem | ÖBL
9, p.370f. | ÖMKL 1, p.716f. (wrong: FML on 22.11.1828 !) | Soldatenfreund,
year 1851, N°106 (from 04.09.1851), p.425 | Wrede 3, pp.271, 325 | Wurzbach
2, p.392ff. | WZ, 05.10.1808, 09.01.1816 | Zivkovic, Generalität,
p.42
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/wettin/wettin8.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/saxony.html)
Vederman
Notes
1)
Soldatenfreund: 27.09.1804 (?)
2)
Vederman: 21.[09.]09.1813 (?)
| S5 |
Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld,
Friedrich Josias Prinz von |
Personal Information
Born: Coburg / Saxony-Coburg, 26.12.1737
Died: Coburg / Saxony-Coburg, 26.02.1815
Family Status
Brother of S2
Uncle of S6
Married (morganatic): 1789 Therese Stroffek
Promotions
Major: – 1
Oberstleutnant: 16.04.17582
Oberst: 16.01.17593
Generalmajor: 30.07.1766 (w.r.f. 04.01.1759)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.05.1773 (w.r.f. 08.10.1767)
General der Kavallerie: 22.08.1786 (w.r.f. 03.02.1785)
Feldmarschall: 03.10.1789 (w.r.f. 01.10.1789)
Holy
Roman Empire:
Reichs-Generalfeldmarschall: 18.02.17934 /
08.04.17935
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General ad interim in Moravia and
Silesia: 12.1778 –
06.1779
Commanding General in Galicia and the Bukovina: 10.1786 – 09.1790
Commanding General in Hungary and Governor of the
Military Border: 23.09.1790
– 09.1794
Field Service (1790-1815)
Commander of the autonomous Corps in Galicia: 10.1787 – 01.1790
Commander of the autonomous Corps in Walachia: 01.1790 – 10.1790
Commander-in-Chief of the Army of the Netherlands:
02.1793 – 08.1794
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Aldenhoven: 01.03.1793 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Neerwinden: 18.03.1793 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Löwen (Pellenberg): 23.03.1793 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Raismes: 08.05.1793 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Famars: 23.05.1793 (+)
Commander of the Allied forces during the siege of
Valenciennes: 25.05. –
27.07.1793 (+)
Commander of the Allied forces during the siege of
Maubeuge: 30.09. –
16.10.1793 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Wattignies: 15./16.10.1793 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Catillon: 17.04.1794 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Cateau Cembrésis (Troisville): 26.04.1794 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Tourcoing: 18.05.1794 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Tournay (Pont-à-Chin): 22.05.1794 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Fleurus: 26.06.1794 (–)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – GC: 22.08.1789
/ w.d.: 08.1794
Colonel-Proprietor of the Dragoon Regiment N°37
/ (1798:) N°6: 1769-1802 (disbanded)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°22:
01.02.1802 – 26.02.1815
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Prussia:
Order of the Red Eagle ?.cl.: before 1796
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Friedrich Josias Prinz zu Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld,
born on 27 December 1737 in Coburg, entered Austrian military service as a Rittmeister in
the Cuirassier Regiment "Anspach" N°33 on 4 January 1756. He fought in the
Seven Years War and was promoted Oberstleutnant in 1758 and Oberst in
the next year. His name was several times mentioned in despatches for bravery,
including at the battle of Lobositz (1 October 1756), Prague (6 May 1757) and
Hochkirch (14 October 1758), where he was badly wounded. He also fought at Landshut
(23 June 1760) and Liegnitz on 15 August 1760. On 30 July 1766, he was promoted Generalmajor and
became Feldmarschalleutnant on 1 May 1773. In 1769, he was made Proprietor
of Dragoon Regiment N°37 (later N°6), which was disbanded in 1802. On
22 August 1786 the prince was promoted General der Kavallerie. He fought
in the War of the Bavarian Succession and in the wars against the Turks in 1778/79
and 1788-1791.
In early 1788, General Coburg planned to take the
fortress of Chotim; he advanced into the Moldavian region and on 21 March 1788,
defeated the army of Ibrahim Nazir Pascha at Batussan. He then took the town
of Jassy. On 29 April, he again beat Ibrahim Nazir in the clashes of Rohatyn
and Bojana-Losy. He opened the siege of Chotim on 15 May of that year. The fortress
surrendered on 16 September 1788, together with 200 guns and ample stocks of
ammunition and supplies. The advance into Moldavia continued. In 1789 Coburg
was part of a joint Austro-Russian force under Suvorov, which defeated 30,000
Turks under Osman Pascha at the battle of Fokschan on 21 July of that year; for
this he was awarded the Military Maria Theresian Order (GC) on 22 August 1789.
On 22 September 1789, he again defeated 100,000 Turks under Jusuf Pascha at Martinestje.
5,000 Turks were killed, 80 guns and 100 colours were taken. This victory was
followed by his promotion to Field Marshal on 3 October 1789. On 16 April 1790
Coburg captured the town of Orsowa. and on 9 November 1789, he took Bucharest.
From 1790-1794 he was Commanding General in Hungary.
In 1793 the Field Marshal was transferred to the Austrian Netherlands as supreme
commander of the Austrian forces, to fight the French. On 8 April 1793, Coburg
was promoted to Reichs-Generalfeldmarschall. On 1 March of that year he
defeated MdC de la Noue (GOC of Dumouriez's Reserve) in the clash at Aldenhoven.
He commanded the Austrian army for their victory at Neerwinden on 18 March and
again on 23 March at Löwen (Leuven). On 8 May, he was again victorious at
Raismes and on 23 May he commanded the allied army which defeated GdD Lamarche
in the battle of Famars. During the summer, the allies besieged and took the
fortresses of Condé
(12 July), Valenciennes (27 July) and Le Quesnoy on 13 September. The defeat
of his corps of observation (under FZM Graf von Clerfayt) at the battle of Wattignies,
by GdD Jourdan's Armée du Nord on 15-16 October, forced him to abandon
the siege of Maubeuge on the second day of the battle.
In 1794 he captured Landrecies fortress on 30 April,
but was badly beaten by Pichegru on 18 May in the battle of Tourcoing where he
commanded an allied force. This was the decisive action of the campaign and was
lost largely due to very poor allied cooperation and coordination. Four days
later he defeated Pichegru at the battle of Tournay.
Prince Friedrich Josias again commanded the Austro-Dutch
army in the battle of Fleurus on 26 June 1794 and the outcome was indecisive,
but the tide of the campaign was with the French as the allies disintegrated.
Coburg resigned command in the winter of that year and was replaced by Clerfayt.
The prince withdrew to Coburg, where he died on 28 February 1815.
Printed Sources
ADB 8, p.7ff. | Bodart, pp.272, 273, 277,
281, 282, 286, 287, 289, 290, 293 | Hammerich, Helmut R.: Reichs-General-Feldmarschall
Prinz Friedrich Josias von Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld 1737-1815. Eine biographische
Skizze, Potsdam 2001 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.245ff. (wrong: b. 27.12.1737
/ d. 28.02.1815) | Hollins, p.12f. | Hubka, IR22, pp.186,
228, 545f. (wrong: b. 27.12.1737) | MilSchem (wrong: died 26.02.1815) | NDB
5, p.577f. | Neuhaus, p.340 | ÖMKL 1, p.712ff. | Ritter,
p.1ff. (erroneous data) | Wurzbach 2, p.395ff. | Wrede 1, p.271 | Wrede
3, p.689 | Wrede (6), p.29 | Zivkovic, Generalität, pp.13,
35 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.53, 56, 63, 127
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/sachsen.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/wettin/wettin8.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Ritter: 01.08.1756 (?)
2)
Ritter: 01.04.1758 (?)
3)
Ritter: 13.01.1759 (?)
4)
Date of the Reichsgutachten
5)
Date of the Imperial decree of ratification
| S6 |
Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld,
Ludwig Karl Friedrich Prinz von |
Personal Information
Born: Coburg / Saxony-Coburg, 02.01.1755
Died: Coburg / Saxony-Coburg, 05.05.18061
Family Status
Nephew of S2 and S5
Uncle of S3 and S4
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 1790 (w.r.f. 24.04.1790)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 20.08.1795)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Württemberg:
Order of Military Merit (Military Order of Charles)
?.cl.: before 1796
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/wettin/wettin8.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Marek: also 04.05.1806 (?) / Schmidt-Brentano: 04.07.1808 (?)
| S7 |
Sachsen-Hildburghausen,
Friedrich Prinz von
Sachsen-Hildburghausen,
Friedrich Herzog von
Sachsen-Altenburg,
Friedrich Herzog von |
Personal Information
Born: Hildburghausen / Saxony-Hildburghausen, 29.04.1763
Died: Hummelshain Castle near Altenburg / Saxony-Altenburg,
29.09.1834
Family Status
Married: 1785 Charlotte Herzogin von Mecklenburg-Strelitz
(1769-1818)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 11.08.1785
Feldmarschalleutnant: 05.02.1799 (w.r.f. 04.02.1794)
Quit:
1807
Into
Bavarian service:
Generalleutnant: 08.01.1811
Elevation of Social Status / Change of Title
Herzog: 23.09.1780
Change of title to "Sachsen-Altenburg": 12.11.1826
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°41:
1805-1806
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
ADB 8, p.1f. | MilSchem | Wrede 1,
p.409
Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/wettin/wettin7.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/saxony.html)
| S8 |
Sachsen(-Polen),
Albrecht (Albert) Casimir Prinz von
Sachsen-Teschen,
Albrecht (Albert) Casimir Herzog von |
Personal Information
Born: Moritzburg Castle near Dresden / Saxony, 11.07.1738
Died: Vienna, 10.02.1822
Family Status
Married: 1766 Marie Christine Erzherzogin von Österreich
(1742-1798)
Brother-in-law of O9 (Erzherzog Ferdinand Carl Anton)
Uncle of O5 (Erzherzog Anton Victor), O6 (Erzherzog
Carl Ludwig, also adoptive father), O8 (Erzherzog-Großherzog Ferdinand
III.), O11 (Kaiser Franz I.), O13 (Erzherzog Johann Baptist), O14 (Erzherzog
Joseph Anton), O15 (Erzherzog Ludwig Joseph) und O17 (Erzherzog Rainer)
Great-uncle of O7 (Kaiser Ferdinand I.)
Promotions
Generalmajor: –
Feldmarschalleutnant: 24.06.1760
General der Kavallerie: 02.03.17631
Feldmarschall: 17.11.1765
Holy Roman Empire:
Reichs-Generalfeldmarschall: 18.12.1767
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Governor of the City and Fortress of Komorn: 03.1763
Governor of the City and Fortress of Ofen: 05.1764
Governor (Statthalter) and Captain-General
in Hungary: 26.12.1765 –
E.1780
Governor-General in the Austrian Netherlands: 15.11.1780 – 1793
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander-in-chief of the Army of the Netherlands:
04.1792 – 11.1792
Commander-in-chief of the Army of the Rhine: 03.1794 – 04.1795
Commander of the Austrian forces during the siege
of Lille: 25.09. –
08.10.1792 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Jemappes: 06.11.1792 (–)
Elevation of Social Status
Herzog von Teschen: 01.10.1766
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of the Golden Fleece: 12.02.1763 (?)2
Order of St. Stephen – GC: 26.12.17653
Order of Leopold – GC: 07.01.1809
Golden Civil Merit Cross 1813/14: 26.05.1815
Colonel-Proprietor of the First Carabinier Regiment
N°5 / (since 1798:) Cuirassier Regiment N°3: 02.12.1768 – 10.02.1822
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Poland:
Order of the White Eagle: 1738
Saxony:
Colonel-Proprietor of the Chevauxleger Regiment "Prinz
Albrecht"
Spain:
Order of the Golden Fleece: 28.11.1738
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Albert Kasimir Herzog zu Sachsen-Polen (later: Sachsen-Teschen)
was born on 11 July 1738 in Moritzburg castle, near Dresden, as son of Kurfürst
Friedrich August II of Saxony who was also King (August III) of Poland. He entered
Austrian service in 1760 and married Duchess Marie-Christine, a daughter of Empress
Maria Theresia. The Duchy of Teschen was his dowry. From 1765 to 1780, he rose
to be Field Marshal and was appointed Governor of Hungary. From 1780-1792, he
was Governor-General in the Austrian Netherlands. When the Netherlands erupted
in revolt in 1789, he and his wife were forced to flee, but returned when peace
had been restored.
In April 1792, Prince Albert commanded 45,000 Austrian
troops in Flanders. He was able to fend off the initial, fumbling French assaults
against him. He was then ordered to despatch a corps under FZM Graf Clerfayt
to co-operate with the Prussians in Champagne. Even with his much-reduced forces
(14,000 men), Albert was able to open the siege of Lille on 25 September. This
had to be abandoned after the Austro-Prussian thrust at Paris was defeated at
Valmy on 20 September. Albert commanded at the Austrian defeat at Jemappes on
6 November at the hands of Dumouriez' Armée du Nord. Flanders was evacuated;
Albert fell ill and resigned his command on 15 November in Roermond, handing
over to Clerfayt. He returned in 1794 to command the army of the Rhine, but retired
finally in April 1795. From 1768 until his dead, he was Proprietor of Carabinier
Regiment N°1 (later Cuirassier Regiment N°3). He died on 10 February
1822 in Vienna.
Printed Sources
ADB 1, p.319f. | Bodart, p.270 | Koschatzky,
Walter – Krasa, Selma: Herzog Albert von Sachsen-Teschen. 1738-1822. Reichsfeldmarschall
und Kunstmäzen, Vienna 1982 | MilSchem | NDB 1, p.131 | Neuhaus,
p.339 | ÖBL 1, p.13 | ÖMKL 1, p.40ff. | Ritter,
p.515ff. (wrong: d. 12.02.1822) | Pizzighelli, DR3, p.25 | Stolzer-Steeb,
p.138f. | Vivenot, Alfred v.: Herzog Albrecht von Sachsen-Teschen als
Reichs-Feldmarschall, 2 vols, Vienna 1865/66 | Wurzbach 28, p.32ff. | WZ,
09.01.1808, 11.01.1809, 28.05.1815 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.31 | Wrede
3, p.140 | Wrede (6), p.29
Internet Sources
Boettger (http://www.antiquesatoz.com/sgfleece/knights4.htm)
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/sachsen2.html)
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/wettin/wettin11.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Zivkovic, Generalität, p.31: 26.02.1763 (?)
2)
Koschatzky/Krasa, p.73: 02.04.1766 (?) / not mentioned in: Vlies-Orden (!?)
3)
Handing-over of the collar on 03.01.1766 (Khevenüller, vol 6, p.163)
| S9 |
Saint-Amour,
Johann Franz Graf |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Preßburg (Pozsony, Bratislava)
/ Hungary, 04.08.1824
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 18.04.1794)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S10 |
Saint-Julien
und Walsee, (Johann) Franz Xaver Johann Nepomuk Graf |
Personal Information
Born: 12.10.1756 (baptism)
Died: Skalička / Moravia, 16.01.1836
Name Variants
(French) François-Xavier de Guyard,
Comte de Saint-Julien
Family Status
Married (1): 1797 Ludovika Leopoldine Gräfin
Chorinsky (17??-1800)
Married (2): 1800 Josephine Gräfin Lodron (1783-1836)
Promotions
Major: 15.07.1789
Oberstleutnant: 01.04.1790
Oberst: 23.03.1795
Generalmajor: 31.05.1797 (w.r.f. 29.06.1797)1
Feldmarschalleutnant: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 24.11.1800)2
Feldzeugmeister (title): 19.12.18123
Retired: 19.12.18123
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°61:
1802 – 16.01.1836
I.R. Chamberlain: 02.03.1779
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
MD 5, p.7 | MilSchem | Saint-Julien,
Clemens Gundacker: Erinnerungen aus dem Krieger-Leben von 1618 bis 1866, dem
gräflichen Geschlechte der St. Julien-Walsee entnommen, Linz 1876, p.34ff.,
appendices XXII, XXIII | Wrede 1, p.544 | (Wurzbach 28, p.83) | WZ,
02.02.1813 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.39
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale (wrong: b. 02.12.1756)
Notes
1)
Saint-Julien, p.42: 17.06.1797 (w.r.f. 31.05.1797) (?)
2)
Saint-Julien, p.42: 31.10.1800 (?)
3)
Saint-Julien, p.42: 26.12.1812 (?)
| S11 |
Saint-Julien
und Walsee, (Johann) Joseph Graf |
Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 28.01.1758 (baptism)
Died: Königgrätz (Hradec Králové)
/ Bohemia, 30.11.1829
Family Status
Unmarried
Name Variants
(French) Jean-Joseph de Guyard, Comte de Saint-Julien
Promotions
Major: 04.12.1787
Oberstleutnant: 13.01.1789
Oberst: 07.04.1796 (w.r.f. 01.04.1796)
Generalmajor: 04.07.1799 (w.r.f. 03.07.1799)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.09.1805 (w.r.f. 16.09.1805)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Imperial Commissioner (Landeskommissar) in
Italy: 12.1799 –
1800/01
Grand Master of the Household to Archduke Ludwig
of Austria: 10.09.1802 –
1809
Special Envoy in St. Petersburg (Russia): 23.11.18091 – (1810
?)
Envoy extraordinary and Minister plenipotentiary
in St. Petersburg (Russia): 18.12.1810 – 23.06.18122
Grand Master of the Household to Archduke Ludwig
of Austria: 1812-1819
Grand Master of the Household to Archduke Rainer
of Austria: 1819-1822
Fortress-Commandant of Königgrätz: 1823 – 30.11.1829
Chivalric Order
Professed Knight of the Order of Malta: 11.12.17873
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Privy Councillor: 03.12.1803
I.R. Chamberlain: 08.05.1779
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Sardinia-Piedmont:
Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus – GC:
10.07.1820
Printed Sources
Matsch, p.122 | MilSchem | Repertorium
3, p.280 | Saint-Julien, Clemens Gundacker: Erinnerungen aus dem Krieger-Leben
von 1618 bis 1866, dem gräflichen Geschlechte der St. Julien-Walsee entnommen,
Linz 1876, p.54ff., appendices XXV-XXXIII
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale (wrong: b. on 06.04.1757
/ d. on 20.11.1829)
Notes
1)
Saint-Julien: 13.11.1809 (?)
2)
Matsch: 26.10.1809 – 21.07.1812 (?)
3)
Admission to the Order of Malta: 19.02.1761 (at the age of 3 !)
| S12 |
Saint-Julien
und Walsee, (Johann) Karl Christian Graf von |
Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 06.01.1716
Died: Preßburg (Pozsony, Bratislava) / Hungary,
15.12.1798
Name Variants
(French) Jean-Charles de Guyard, Comte de
Saint-Julien
Family Status
Unmarried
Promotions
Major: 01.10.1755
Oberstleutnant: 27.05.1758
Oberst: 26.04.1760
Generalmajor: 19.01.1771 (w.r.f. 06.10.1761)
Retired: 1774
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Decoration of the Elisabeth Theresian Military Foundation:
17731
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Auer, N°267 | MD 5, p.7 | MilSchem | Saint-Julien,
Clemens Gundacker: Erinnerungen aus dem Krieger-Leben von 1618 bis 1866, dem
gräflichen Geschlechte der St. Julien-Walsee entnommen, Linz 1876, p.28ff.,
appendix XVIII
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Saint-Julien: 1774 (?)
| S13 |
Salburg,
Rudolf Ferdinand Graf von |
Personal Information
Born: Linz / Upper Austria, 17321
Died: Vienna, 19.04.1806
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 1759
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 25.04.1775 (w.r.f. 27.08.1774)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem / Victorin, DR7, pp.168, 438
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Victorin, DR7, p.168: 1731 (?)
| S14 |
Salis(-Samaden)1,
Paul von
Salis(-Samaden),
Paul Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Breslau (Wrocław) / Silesia, 18.07.1729
Died: Karlsbad (Karlovy Vary) / Bohemia, 05.10.1799
Family Status
Married (1): Maria von Bedau
Married (2): 1795 Katharina Gräfin von Reisach-Steinberg
(1767-?)
Promotions
Major: 03.1776
Oberstleutnant: 1784
Oberst: 06.02.1789
Generalmajor: 01.01.1794 (w.r.f. 12.12.1791)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 16.04.17972 (w.r.f.
14.04.1797)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress-Commandant of Ypern: 06.1793 – 19.06.1794
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 30.10.1779
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 22.09.1793
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Amon, IR18, pp.241, 257, 262 | Frank 4, p.217 | Hirtenfeld
1, p.389 | MilSchem | ÖFA 3, p.177 (genealogical table erroneous) | Wurzbach
28, p.106f. (genealogical table erroneous) | MD 8, p.174 | ÖMZ,
year 1892, vol.1, p.70ff. (N°VI): Biographien der kaiserlich
österreichischen Generale und Oberste aus der Familie von Salis | Salis,
Rodo von: Zur Genealogie der Salis-Samaden in Österreich des Stammes der
Salice aus Sala Comacina (Herzogtum Mailand), dann Breslau (= Off-print from
the
"Jahrbuch der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Familienforschung", year
1990), (Bern) 1990, pp.55f., p.64f.
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Salis, p.55f.: Paul Anton Freiherr von Salis fügte ... seinem Patronym
nie eine Herkunfts- oder Linienbezeichnung bei, insbesondere nicht
"Samaden", zu welcher Ortschaft im Engadin weder er noch sein Geschlecht je eine
Beziehung hatten. [...] Zugeschrieben wurde der Beiname "Samaden" dem
älteren Ast erst nach desser Erlöschen [1842] in Druckwerken
des späteren 19. Jahrhunderts, als der überlebende jüngere Ast
schrittweise dazu überging, diesen schweizerischen Ortsnamen als Linienbezeichnung
zu adoptieren.
2)
According to ÖMZ (Schmidt-Brentano only: 1797)
| S15 |
Salisch,
Karl Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Tyrnau (Trnava / Nagyszombat) / Hungary,
20.07.1799
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 01.03.1797 (w.r.f. 22.04.1797)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S16 |
Sant’ Andrea,
Peter Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: near Bergamo / Lombardy, 17791
Died: Bergamo2 / Lombardy,
22.05.1821
Name Variants
(Italian) Pietro Barone di Sant’ Andrea
Promotions
Italy:
General of Brigade: 10.02.1813
Into
Austrian service: 1814
Generalmajor: 02.07.1814
Retired: 31.01.1816
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
France:
Order of the Légion d'Honneur – OC
Italy
(France):
Order of the Iron Crown 2nd cl.
Printed Sources
Lombroso, p.385ff. | MilSchem | WZ,
07.08.1814
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Wikipedia [= http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_dei_generali_italiani_(1800-1815)
].- Download: 19.08.2008
Notes
1)
Wikipedia: 1771 (?)
2)
Lombroso: Redona (?)
| S17 |
Sauer,
Karl Balthasar Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Linz / Upper Austria, 1725
Died: Tyrnau (Trnava / Nagyszombat) / Hungary,
13.11.1800
Promotions
Major: 1759
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1765
Generalmajor: 01.05.1773 (w.r.f. 04.12.1768)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 22.04.1783)
Retired: 1795
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Adlatus of the Commanding General in Galicia:
11.1788 – 09.1790
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC:
21.11.1763
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Chevauxleger
Regiment N°13 / (since 1798:) Dragoon Regiment N°5: 1779 – 13.11.1800
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Hirtenfeld 1, p.176ff. | MD
8, p.178 | MilSchem | Wurzbach
28, p.276ff. | Zivkovic, Heerführer,
p.63 | Wrede 3, p.686
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S18 |
Sburlati,
Hannibal de |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Vajda-Récse / Transylvania, 02.02.1799
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 20.05.1786
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S19 |
Schaeffer,
Joseph
Schaeffer von
der Mulde, Joseph |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Neuhaus (Jindřichuv Hradec) / Bohemia,
16.03.1819
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 15.09.1808
Generalmajor: 27.04.1813
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility: 04.12.1818 (with predicate: "von
der Mulde")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Frank-Döfering, 3873 | May,
IR35, pp.144, 156 | MilSchem | WZ,
11.05.1813, 08.06.1813
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S20 |
Schall,
Georg Engelbert
Schall von Falkenforst,
Georg Engelbert |
Personal Information
Born: around 1761
Died: Vienna, 22.08.1831
Promotions
Major: 1801
Oberstleutnant: 05./06.1808
Oberst: 1810
Generalmajor: 06.05.1815
Feldmarschalleutnant: 21.12.1830
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility: 24.05.1815 (with predicate: "von
Falkenforst")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Blasek/Rieger 1/I, p.397 (wrong: GM in 1814) | Frank-Döfering,
3874 | MilSchem | WZ,
09.07.1808
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Zara (Zadar) / Dalmatia, 14.03.1834
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 30.04.1815
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress-Commandant of Zara: 1828 – 14.03.1834
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
MilSchem | WZ,
08.05.1815
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S22 |
Scharlach,
Michael von |
Personal Information
Born: 1763
Died: Preßburg (Pozsony, Bratislava)
/ Hungary, 12.05.1833
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 29.06.1809
Feldmarschalleutnant (title a.h.): 07.01.1823
Retired: 07.01.1823
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
MilSchem | WZ,
25.11.1809
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S23 |
Schauroth,
Karl August Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Großgestewitz near Naumburg / Saxony-Anhalt,
15.05.1755
Died: Prague1 (Praha) /
Bohemia, 01.05.1810
Family Status
Married: Franziska von Heslowa (?-1853)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 28.03.1798
Generalmajor: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 30.12.1800)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 12.02.1809
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the 7th Army Corps: 08.-11.1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Amon, DR10, p.178f. | MD 8, p.182 | MilSchem | Wurzbach
29, p.136f. | WZ, 15.08.1810 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.130
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
MilSchem: Graz (?)
| S24 |
Scheidlin,
Georg Christoph von |
Personal Information
Born: 15.01.1727
Died: Mährisch-Neustadt (Uničov)
/ Moravia, 14.02.1798
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 16.01.1790 (w.r.f. 14.12.1789)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S25 |
Scheither,
Georg Heinrich Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Hannover, 1772
Died: 22.04.1816
Promotions
Major: 01.1801
Oberstleutnant: 01.1807
Oberst: 15.09.1808
Generalmajor: 07.01.1813
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat near
Belfort: 29.06.-08.07.1815 (–)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 30.04.1802
/ CC: 08.10.1813
I.R. Chamberlain: 03./04.1808
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Prussia:
Order Pour-le-Mérite: 14.11.1814
Russia:
Order of St. Anne 1st cl.
Printed Sources
ADB 30, p.731ff. | ADB 45, p.671 (corr.) | Bodart,
p.489 | Hildebrand/Zweng, N°4060 | Hirtenfeld 2, p.1137ff. | MilSchem | Strobl,
DR12, p.117, 155f. | Wurzbach 29, p.175ff. | WZ, 16.04.1808, 05.10.1808,
30.11.1813, 26.05.1815
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S26 |
Schellenberg,
Joseph Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 1735
Died: Napagedl (Napajedlá) / Moravia,
08.09.1801
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 1788
Oberst: 1791
Generalmajor: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 25.05.1794)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 06.03.1800 (w.r.f. 01.09.1799)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC:
11.05.1796
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Hirtenfeld 1, p.493f. | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S27 |
Schilling
von Schillingshof, (Gotthard) Raphael von
Schilling von
Schillingshof, (Gotthard) Raphael Freiherr
Schilling von
Schillingshof, (Gotthard) Raphael Graf |
Personal Information
Born: 26.06.1729
Died: Vienna, 01.12.1797
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 1776 (w.r.f. 27.11.1776)
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 18.02.1772
Graf: 17.08.1781
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Decoration of the Elisabeth Theresian Military
Foundation: 1776
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Auer, N°274 | Frank
4, p.248 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S28 |
Schlaun
von Linden, Gerhard Moritz
Schlaun von Linden,
Gerhard Moritz Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: Münster, 11.10.1742
Died: Besanez Castle (Bezanec) / Croatia, 21.09.1825
Family Status
Married: Josepha Christiane Julia Gräfin
von Keglevich (17??-1807)
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 29.08.1787 (w.r.f. 26.08.1787)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 29.12.1793 (w.r.f. 26.11.1793)
Feldzeugmeister (title): 07.05.1808
Retired: 07.05.1808
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Military Commander in the Bukovina (Czernowitz):
1806 – 07.05.1808
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 06.04.1790
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC:
15.11.1788
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Frank 4, p.250 | Hirtenfeld
1, p.235f. (wrong: FML on 01.01.1794) | MD
8, p.187 | MilSchem | Wurzbach
30, p.55f. | WZ, 09.07.1808 | Zivkovic,
Generalität, p.38 | Zivkovic, Heerführer,
p.77
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S29 |
Schlegelhofer,
Thomas
Schlegelhofer
von Hofenstein, Thomas |
Personal Information
Born: around 1738
Died: Baden / Lower Austria, 04.07.1799
Name Variants
wrong: Schlegelhoffen
Promotions
Major: 01.06.1778
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1789
Generalmajor: 01.01.1794 (w.r.f. 26.12.1793)
Retired: 01.02.1799
Feldmarschalleutnant (title): 02.02.1799
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility: 09.06.1772 (with predicate: "von
Hofenstein")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Amon, IR47, p.281 | Frank
4, p.250 | Gatti, IngAk, p.207 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S30 |
Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg,
Christian August Prinz zu
Schweden,
Karl August Kronprinz von |
Personal Information
Born: Augustenburg (Augustenborg) / Denmark, 09.07.1768
Died: Kvidinge / Sweden, 28.05.1810
Promotions
Denmark:
Generalmajor: 1790
Feldmarschall: 30.06.1808
Into
Austrian service:
Generalmajor: 12.05.1799 (w.r.f. 30.04.1799)
Elevation of Social Status
Kronprinz von Schweden (Crown Prince of Sweden):
24.01.1810 (change of name:
"Karl August")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
ADB 4, p.193ff. | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/oldenburg/oldenburg4.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/holstein.html)
| S31 |
Schmelzern
von Wildmannsegg, Johann Ritter
Schmelzern von
Wildmannsegg, Johann Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 1761
Died: Josephstadt (Josefov u Jaromere) / Bohemia,
16.03.18311
Promotions
Major: 1799
Oberstleutnant: 08.1805
Oberst: 24.07.1807
Generalmajor: 02.09.18092
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Josephstadt: 07.1813 – 16.02.1831
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 23.11.1820
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 24.10.1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Frank 4, p.255 | Frank-Döfering, 3917 | Hirtenfeld
2, p.1012ff. | Kreipner, IR34, pp.329, 349, 378, 398, 423, 436f., 780f. | MilSchem | Wurzbach
30, p.169ff. | WZ, 25.11.1809, 14.10.1813
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
MilSchem, year.1832, p.488: 16.02.1831 (?)
2)
Date after Schmidt-Brentano and Kreipner, IR34, p.781 (contrary to Kreipner on
p.423 and p.436f.: "mit Ah.E. vom 31.08.[1809]" [with supreme Imerial resolution
from 31.08.]) (?)
| S32 |
Schmertzing,
August Hannibal Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: 1725
Died: Nieder-Crossen / Saxony, 16.04.1797
Name Variants
also: Schmerzing
Family Status
Brother of S33
Married: Maria Augusta Gräfin von Lasberg (1723-?)
Promotions
Major: 1753
Oberstleutnant: 1757
Oberst: 1767
Generalmajor: 01.05.1773 (w.r.f. 13.08.1770)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | ÖFA 1, p.259 | Wrede,
DR6, pp.664 (wrong: GM in 1767), 928f.
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S33 |
Schmertzing,
Gottlieb Friedrich Hannibal Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: 17.11.1738
Died: KIA Gonsenheim near Mainz, 29.10.1795
Name Variants
also: Schmerzing
Family Status
Brother of S32
Married: 1785 Franziska Amadé de Varkony (1758-1824)
Promotions
Major: 1771
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1780
Generalmajor: 08.12.1787
Feldmarschalleutnant: 29.12.1793 (w.r.f. 08.12.1793)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Allmayer-Beck, p.74 | MilSchem | ÖFA
1, p.259 | Pizzighelli, DR5, pp.50, 52, 250, 252 | Schaab, Karl
Anton: Die Geschichte der Bundes-Festung Mainz, historisch und militärisch
nach den Quellen bearbeitet, Mainz 1834, p.437 | Wrede, DR6, p.644
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S34 |
Schmidfeld,
Johann Nepomuk von
Schmidfeld,
Johann Nepomuk Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: 23.02.1731
Died: Milan (Milano) / Lombardy, 19.02.1795
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 16.02.1783)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 13.11.1788 (w.r.f. 07.11.1788)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General in Slavonia and Syrmia: 09.1790 – 03.1791
Fortress Commandant of Mantua: before 1794 – 19.02.1795
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 31.08.1774
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°48:
1794 – 19.02.1795
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Frank 4, p.256 | MilSchem | Wrede 2,
p.222 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.68
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S35 |
Schmidlin,
(Adam) Christian Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Maria-Theresiopel (Szabadka, Subotica) / Com.
Bács / Hungary - or - Vinga / Banat / Hungary, 30.10.1804
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 05.12.1801
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S36 |
Schmidt,
Joseph Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 17601
Died: Vienna, 13.04.18102
Promotions
Major: 1795
Oberstleutnant: ~1800
Oberst: 1805
Generalmajor: 12.02.1809
Retired: 1810
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 18.08.1801
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Sardinia-Piedmont:
Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus – ?C:
~1794
Printed Sources
Granichstädten-Czerva, Rudolf von: Andreas Hofers
alte Garde, Innsbruck 1932, p.213 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.585ff. | MilSchem | Wurzbach
30, p.276f. | WZ, 15.08.1810
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Granichstädten-Czerva: 1750 (?)
2)
Schmidt-Brentano: 18.04.1810 (?)
| S37 |
Schmitt,
(Johann) Heinrich von |
Personal Information
Born: Bavaria, 1743
Died: KIA Dürnstein-Loiben / Lower Austria,
11.11.1805
Family Status
Unmarried
Promotions
Major: 14.05.1788
Oberstleutnant: 23.02.1790 (w.r.f. 14.02.1790)
Oberst: 03.09.1793
Generalmajor: 06.09.1796 (w.r.f. 10.06.1796)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.03.1800 (w.r.f. 02.03.1800)
Retired: 18.08.1800
Reactivated: 11.1805
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff: 03.1798 – 03.1799
Field Service (1792-1815)
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff of the Army
of the Lower Rhine: 07.-08.1796
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff of the Army
of the Rine: 08.1796 –
03.1797 / 04.1797 – 01.1798
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff of the Army
of Germany: 11.1798 –
09.1800
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff of the Allied
Army: 11.1805
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Johann Heinrich von Schmitt, born in 1743 in Bavaria,
entered the Austrian Military Engineer School in Vienna (Gumpendorf) on 25 June
1758. Three years later (15 November 1761), he became Fähnrich in
the Infantry Regiment
"Pallavicini" N°15. Schmitt fought briefly in the Seven Years War, but in
1764, he was sent to the topographical department of the General Staff in Bohemia.
The lack of good maps had been keenly felt in the operations against the Prussians.
On 1 February 1769, he was promoted to Oberleutnant and taken into the
General Staff. From then until 1778, he worked, surveying and drawing maps of
the areas along the borders with Turkey, around Temesvar in the Banat, thence
in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia. On 23 March 1778, he was promoted to Hauptmann.
The prospect of renewed war with Turkey saw him sent to survey in Bosnia. For
this he was based in Esseg and Alt-Gradiska. At the outbreak of that war, Schmitt
was attached to the army staff in Slavonia. On 24 April 1788, he was distinguished
in the storm of Sabac fortress in Serbia. On 14 May of that year, he was promoted
to Major. In 1789, he fought at Berkir and at the siege of Belgrade, again
with distinction. His promotion to Oberstleutnant followed on 23 February
1790. That March, Schmitt was transferred to FM Graf von Loudon's army in Bohemia.
In 1791, he was posted to the Austrian Netherlands,
where he worked on the general staff. On 14 September 1792, he was distinguished
in the combat at the Croix-au-Bois pass and again in the actions at Raismes and
Vicoigne on 8 May 1793. On 3 September 1793 Schmitt received his promotion to Oberst.
In August 1796 he was appointed Quartermaster General (Chief of Staff) to Erzherzog
Carl. He fought at Amberg (24 August) and Würzburg (2 September) of that
year. On 6 September, he was promoted to Generalmajor and on 1 March 1800
to Feldmarschalleutnant. Schmitt was somehow connected to the murder of
the French delegation to the Congress of Rastatt on 29 April 1799 by men of the
Szeckler Hussar Regiment N°11 and became the centre of much controversy.
In September 1800, he resigned, being unable to stand the pressure concentrated
on him. He retired to Hostitz near Kremsier.
On 31 October 1805, he was recalled to duty; on 4
November, he was sent off from Vienna to carry plans to General Kutusov, commanding
the approaching Russian army. On 6 November, Schmitt met Kutusov in Melk. The
plan that he carried foresaw an allied army giving battle before Vienna. Kutusov
refused to agree to this, but did agree to fight the French at Dürnstein,
on the Danube. Schmitt led one of the outflanking columns in the night attack
on GdD Honoré-Théodore-Maxime Gazan's position on 11 November 1805
and was killed by a musket shot.
Printed Sources
ADB 54, p.124ff. (wrong: b. in 1744) | Allmayer-Beck,
p.76 | Hollins, p.51f. | Leppa, (Konrad) Joseph Franz: Feldmarschall-Leutnant
Heinrich Schmitt. Ein Soldatenleben, Ph.D. thesis, Vienna, 1926 | MilSchem | Regele,
p.29 | Ritter, p.573ff. | Wrede (6), p.41 | Wurzbach 30,
p.252ff. | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.108-110
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/schmitt.html)
| S38 |
Schneidauer
von Streitkolben, Joseph Leopold Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: around 1723
Died: Vienna, 17.05.18071
Name Variants
also: Streittkolben
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 16.01.1790 (w.r.f. 13.01.1790)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 09.08.1803
Retired: 1794
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Lemberg: before 1792 – 1794
(?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano: 18.05.1807 (?)
| S39 |
Schneider,
(Anton) Karl von |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: 26.06.1809
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 27.02.1793 (w.r.f. 25.06.1791)
Retired: 1801
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General ad interim in East Galicia:
04.-09.1800
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.63
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S40 |
Schneller,
Andreas von |
Personal Information
Born: Ödenburg (Sopron) / Hungary, 17551
Died: Ödenburg (Sopron) / Hungary, 16.03.1840
Promotions
Major: 20.03.1797
Oberstleutnant: 09.11.1800
Oberst: 20.02.1801
Generalmajor: 15.08.1808 (w.r.f. 14.09.1805)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 27.04.18132
General der Kavallerie: 11.01.1830
Retired: 08.02.18363
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General ad interim in the Banat:
17.02.1821 –
10.02.1823
Commanding General in the Banat: 10.02.1823 – 08.02.1836
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of Leopold – GC: (01.03.)1836
Colonel-Proprietor of the Chevauxleger Regiment N°5:
03.1822 – 16.03.1840
I.R. Privy Councillor: 18234
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Amon, HR10, p.223, 237f. | Böhm 1, pp.414 | MilSchem | Pizzighelli,
DR10, pp.227, 237, 239, 289, 292 | Preyer, p.115 | Wrede 3, p.192 | WZ,
03.09.1808, 11.05.1813, 08.06.1813 | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.41 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, p.69
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Amon, DR10, p.237: 1757 (?)
2)
Amon, DR10, p.238: 02.03.1813 (?)
3)
Amon, DR10, p.238: 01.03.1836 (?)
4)
Amon, DR10, p.238: 1822 (?)
| S41 |
Schönfuß,
Joachim von |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Ofen (Buda) / Hungary, 18.11.1820
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 02./03.1810
Retired: 02./03.1810
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
MilSchem | WZ, 17.03.1810
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S42 |
Schönthal,
Johann von |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Brünn (Brno) / Moravia, 13.01.18141
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 01.09.1805 (w.r.f. 12.01.1804)
Retired: 1812
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano: 13.02.1814 (?)
| S43 |
Schröckinger
von Neydenberg, Johann |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Iglau (Jihlava) / Moravia, 26.07.1808
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 06.(26.?)03.1800 (w.r.f. 22.04.1800)
Retired: 1805
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | WZ, 11.02.1809
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S44 |
Schröder,
(Johann) Gottfried
Schröder,
(Johann) Gottfried Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Berlin / Prussia, 1735
Died: Pellendorf / Lower Austria, 18.02.1807
Family Status
Brother of S45 and S46
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 09.09.1786 (w.r.f. 31.08.1786)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 27.02.1793 (w.r.f. 24.02.1793)
Retired: 1796, 1806
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commandant of Krakau: 1795-1805
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at Arlon: 09.06.1793
(–)
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 13.09.1766
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 21.10.1762
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Bodart, p.274 | Frank 4, p.274 | Hirtenfeld
1, p.166 | MD 8, p.200 | MilSchem | Wurzbach 31, p.319f.
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S45 |
Schröder,
Karl Friedrich
Schröder,
Karl Friedrich Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Berlin / Prussia, around 1725
Died: Vienna, 27.05.18091
Family Status
Brother of S44 and S46
Promotions
Major: 1757
Oberstleutnant: 1759
Oberst: 1763
Generalmajor: 08.05.1772 (w.r.f. 01.07.1770)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 15.05.1784 (w.r.f. 09.05.1784)
Retired: 1795
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Inspector-General of Military Provisions and of Military
Transport: 06.1776 –
01.17942
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 03.07.1773
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°7:
1783 – 27.05.1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Frank 4, p.274 | MD 8, p.200 | MilSchem | Wrede
1, p.156 | Wurzbach 31, p.320f. (wrong: d. 1808) | Zivkovic, Heerführer,
p.16
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano: 22.05.1809 (?)
2)
Wurzbach: 1787-1795 (?)
| S46 |
Schröder,
(Johann) Wilhelm
Schröder
von Lilienhof, (Johann) Wilhelm
Schröder,
(Johann) Wilhelm Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: Berlin / Prussia, around 1719
Died: Olmütz (Olomouc) / Moravia, 15.01.1800
Family Status
Brother of S44 and S45
Promotions
Major: 1757
Oberstleutnant: 1758
Oberst: 1760
Generalmajor: 19.01.1771 (w.r.f. 28.09.1761)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 25.04.1775 (w.r.f. 25.12.1774)
Feldzeugmeister: 15.08.1795 (w.r.f. 26.04.1794)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commanding General ad interim in Galicia:
03.-06.1779
Fortress Commandant of Luxemburg : vor 1793 – 07.06.1795
Fortress Commandant of Olmütz: 1795 – 15.01.1800
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility: 27.04.1765 (with predicate: "von
Lilienhof")
Freiherr: 03.07.1773 (without predicate "Lilienhof")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°4:
22.08.1780 –
03.05.1790
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment
N°26: (03.05.?)1790 –
15.01.1800
I.R. Privy Councillor
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Amon, IR4, pp.200, 236 | Frank 4, p.274 | MD
8, p.201 | Megerle, p.310 | MilSchem | Wrede 1, pp.140,
300 | Wurzbach 31, p.334ff. | Zivkovic, Generalität, p.36 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, p.63
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S47 |
Schubirž von
Chobinin, Anton Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Olmütz (Olomouc) / Moravia, 21.(22.)12.1748
Died: Graz / Styria, 11.06.1801
Name Variants
also: Schupircz / also: Chobinie, Kubinye
Promotions
Major: 30.05.1788
Oberstleutnant: 1789
Oberst: 17901
Generalmajor: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 03.10.1794)
Retired: 1798
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Anton Freiherr Schubirz von Chobinin was born on
21 December 1748. In 1796, he served as Major General in Italy; initially as
brigade commander in Sebottendorf's division. After the disaster of Mondovi,
Piedmont was evacuated by the Austrians and on 2 May they fell back over the
Po at Valenza. On 8 May Austrian General von Liptay was attacked and defeated
at Fombio and his corps dissolved in the retreat. On 10 May, Sebottendorf was
attacked and beaten at Lodi by Napoleon. Schubirz had left Lodi before the attack,
to fall further back according to FZM Beaulieu's orders. When the Mincio line
was broken at Borghetto on 30 May, he withdrew up into the Tyrol. Schubirz fought
at Castiglione on 5 August and took part in Alvinczy's attempt to relieve Mantua
in the Corps of the Friaul. After Wurmser's defeat on 15 September at San Giorgio,
his command at Malborghetto, Pontafel and Tarvis numbered only 1,600 men. He
also fought at the victory at Bassano over the French under Napoleon on 6 November.
Schubirz also fought in the victory at Caldiero on 12 November and in the defeat
at Arcole of 15-17 November. He retired in 1798 and died on 11 June 1801 in Graz.
Printed Sources
Leitner 2, p.84ff. (wrong: d. 11.07.1801) | MilSchem | Pizzighelli,
DR10, pp.187, 190, 193 | Svoboda 1, col.56 (wrong: d. 11.07.1801)
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Svoboda: 1791 (?)
| S48 |
Schuhay,
Franz von
Schuhay,
Franz Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Füred (n.l.) / Hungary, 1747
Died: Prague (Praha) / Bohemia, 28.09.1818
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 1796
Oberst: 1797
Generalmajor: 29.10.1800 (w.r.f. 21.12.1800)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 12.02.1809
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 18.05.1798
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 07.07.1794
Colonel-Proprietor of the Artillery Regiment N°1:
1804 – 28.09.1818
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Frank 4, p.278 | Gatti, ArtAk, p.71f. | Hirtenfeld
1, p.436ff. | MD 8, p.203 | MilSchem | (Wrede) 4, p.466 | Wurzbach
32, p.141ff.
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S49 |
Schuller
de Ráad, Leopold |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: 1794
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 19.01.1771 (w.r.f. 23.01.1765)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S50 |
Schultz,
Johann Anton
Schultz von Leichtenthal,
Johann Anton |
Personal Information
Born: around 1736
Died: 15.02.1802
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 05.03.1793 (w.r.f. 03.07.1793)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 05.07.1797 (w.r.f. 15.11.1795)
Retired: 1801
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility: 26.11.1757 (with predicate: "von
Leichtenthal")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Doerr, p.241 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S51 |
Schulz
von Rothacker, Franz Johann |
Personal Information
Born: 17?
Died: Leipnik
(Lipník nad Bečvou) / Moravia, 12.12.1810
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 12.1800 (?)
Generalmajor: 23.06.1808 (w.r.f. 04.09.1805)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Nakowitsch, Siegfried: FML Franz
Freiherr von Koller (1767-1826). Sein Leben als österreichischer General
und Diplomat, Ph.D. thesis, Vienna 1968, p.36 | WZ, 09.07.1808
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S52 |
Schusteckh,
Emanuel von
Schusteckh und
Herve, Emanuel Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Nimburg (Nymburk) / Bohemia, 11.07.17501
Died: Hermannstadt (Sibiu, Nagyszeben) / Transylvania,
02.06.1827
Family Status
Married: [N.N.] (17??-1827)
Promotions
Major: 16.03.17942
Oberstleutnant: 12.12.17963
Oberst: 29.04.17974
Generalmajor: 29.10.18005 (w.r.f.
24.11.1800)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 14.08.18086
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Military Commander in the Bukovina (Czernowitz):
1801-1805
Deputy Commanding General in Moravia and Silesia:
05.07.1814 – 07.1815
Commanding General ad interim in Moravia and
Silesia: 07.1815 –
12.1815
Adlatus of the Commanding General in Moravia and
Silesia: 12.1815 –
(10.?)1819
Commanding General ad interim in Moravia and
Silesia: 10.1819 –
05.1820
Commanding General in Transylvania: 22.05.1820 – 02.06.1827
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 27.07.1797 (with predicate: "und Herve")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 11.05.1796
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Dragoon Regiment N°1:
28.02.1810 –
02.06.1827
I.R. Privy Councillor: 02.01.1817
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
France:
Order of the Légion d'Honneur – CC:
12.11.1814
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Emanuel von Schustekh (since 1797 Freiherr von Herve)
was born in Nimburg (Bohemia) in 1750 and entered Austrian military service as Unterleutnant in
the Infantry Regiment "Karoly" in 1770. At the beginning of the War of the Bavarian
Succession, he transferred as Oberleutnant to the Chevauleger Regiment "Löwenstein" N°18.
In August 1778 he was captured by the Prussians.
By January 1793, he was with his regiment in the
Netherlands. In the clash at Herve on 4 March of that year, on his own iniative,
he led a charge which took a battery of 17 guns and freed four companies of Mahony
Jägers who had fallen into French hands. At the battle of Neerwinden on
18 March, he was in the 2nd Line of FML Wenzel Colloredo's troops and on 23 May
1793, he served in the Duke of York's column in the battle of Famars. Together
with two English cavalry regiments, he made a charge, which took the village
of Queremain and recovered two lost English standards.
After his promotion to Major (16 March 1794) Schusteckh
distinguished himself in the battle of Tournay and was awarded the Knight's Cross
of the Military Maria Theresian Order. In 1797 he was create Baron with the title "Herve".
In the 1796 campaign he was wounded on 6 August near Forcheim, north of Nuremberg,
and next year he was promoted to Oberstleutnant, then Oberst and
appointed commander of the Wurmser Hussars.
Schustekh served in Italy in 1799 and gathered new
honours for himself in the clash at Legnano on 26 March. He was again distinguished
at Magnano on 5 April and at Mantua. In the 1800 campaign, he fought in the Austrian
defeat at the battle of Casteggio on 9 June and in the disaster at Marengo five
days later. Here he was wounded repeatedly. That year he received his promotion
to Generalmajor on 29 October.
In 1805 he commanded the rearguard of Kienmayer's
corps and was repeatedly distinguished in the desperate fighting at Haag and
Lambach on 31 October against Davout's III Corps. He was promoted Feldmarschalleutnant on
14 August 1808, and in the 1809 campaign he initially commanded a division in
V Corps, but was then given his independence and operated along the Danube from
Linz to Neuaigen. On 3 May he was late in falling back to the Traun crossing
point at Ebelsberg, thus the V and VI Austrian Corps became involved in a serious
clash with Marshal Massena's corps for possession of the bridge.
Schustekh at last made it across the river but lost
a battalion in the process and Massena took the bridge intact. In 1810 Schuhsteck
was appointed Inspector-General of Cavalry in Bohemia where he organized the
Landwehr in 1813. In 1814 he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Légion
d'Honneur by King Louis XVIII for his concern for the French prisoners in his
command. In 1817 he was appointed Commanding General in Transylvania and died
in this post on 2 June 1827.
Printed Sources
ADB 33, p.100ff. | Amon, DR9, pp.252, 279ff.,
386 | Frank 4, p.281 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.466ff. (wrong: FML in 04.1808) | Leitner
2, p.90ff. (wrong: I.R. Privy Counc. in 1820) | MD 8, p.205 | MilSchem | ÖBL
11, p.383f. | ÖMZ 1834, vol.4, p.142ff. and 262ff.: Maximilian Friedrich Thielen:
Nekrolog des k.k. Feldmarschall-Lieutenants Freiherrn von Schustekh-Herve | Sapper,
Christian: General der Kavallerie Maximilian Graf Merveldt 1764-1815, Ph.D. thesis,
Vienna 1974, p.401 | Svoboda 1, col.68f. | Wrede 3, p.183 | Wurzbach
32, p.236ff. (wrong: Proprietor DR N°1 on 18.02.1810) | WZ, 03.09.1808,
17.03.1810, 24.11.1814, 26.05.1815 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, pp.53,
58, 77
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Amon, DR9, p.279: 11.06.1750 (?) – ÖMZ / Wurzbach / Schmidt-Brentano
(item): Szegedin, 10.10.1752 (?)
2)
Amon, DR9, p.280: 16.05.1794 (?)
3)
Amon, DR9, p.280: 07.12.1796 (?)
4)
Amon, DR9, p.280: 01.05.1797 (?)
5) ÖMZ:
28.10.1800 (?)
6) ÖMZ,
Svoboda: 14.04.1808 (?)
| S53 |
Schwaeger,
Joseph
Schwaeger von
Hohenbruck, Joseph
Schwaeger von
Hohenbruck, Joseph Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: 25.04.1752
Died: Vienna, 05.03.1834
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 15.08.1808 (w.r.f. 02.09.1805)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 27.04.1813
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Commandant of the Oberst-Schiffamt (=
Chief of the Pontooneers): 07.1801 –
05.04.18341
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility (by elevation of a family member):
03.09.1772
Freiherr: 03.02.1820
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
2nd Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment N°8:
1831 – 05.04.1834
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Frank 4, p.282f. | Frank-Döfering, 3962 | MilSchem | WZ,
03.09.1808, 11.05.1813, 08.06.1813 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.21 | Wrede
1, p.165
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Zivkovic: 03.1834 (?)
| S54 |
Schwarzenberg,
Herzog von Krumau, Karl Philipp Fürst zu |
Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 15.04.1771
Died: Leipzig / Saxony, 15.10.1820
Family Status
Married: 1799 Maria Anna Gräfin von Hohenfeld,
the widowed Fürstin Esterházy (1767/68-1848)
Promotions
Major: 21.08.1790
Oberstleutnant: 13.02.1793
Oberst: 23.02.1794
Generalmajor: 06.09.1796 (w.r.f. 10.08.1796)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 04.09.1800 (w.r.f. 03.09.1800)
General der Kavallerie: 26.09.18091
Feldmarschall: 02.10.1812
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Vice-President of the Aulic War Council: 18.03.1805 – 04.03.1806
Ambassador in St. Petersburg (Russia): 27.12.18082 –
28.05.18093
Ambassador in Paris (France)4:
26.11.1809 –
25.04.18135
President of the Aulic War Council: 01.06.1814 – 07.1820
State and Conference Minister: 1818
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of
Haslach (Albeck): 11.10.1805 (+)
Commander
of the 1st Reserve Corps: 07.-11.1809
Commander
of the Auxiliar Corps: 05.1812 – 02.1813
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Gorodeczna (Podobna): 12.08.1812 (+)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Wolkowisk (Izabelin): 14.-16.11.1812 (+)
Commander-in-Chief
of the Bohemian Observation Army: 08.05.1813 –
06.1813
Commander-in-Chief
of the Bohemian Army (= main army): 06.1813 –
06.1814
Commander of the Allied forces at the battle of Dresden:
26./27.08.1813 (–)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the battle of
Peterswalde (Pirna, Hellendorf, Arbesau, Nollendorf, Kninitz): 10.-18.09.1813
(+)
Commander of the Allied forces at the battle of Leipzig:
16.-19.10.1813 (+)
Commander of the Allied forces at the battle of Bar-sur-Aube:
26./27.02.1814 (+)
Commander of the Allied forces at the battle of Laubressel
(La Guillotière, Troyes): 03./04.03.1814 (+)
Commander of the Allied forces at the battle of Arcis-sur-Aube:
20./21.03.1814 (+)
Commander-in-Chief
of the Army of the Upper Rhine: 04.1815 – 10.1815
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of the Golden Fleece: 02.01.1809
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 25.05.1794
/ CC: 28.05.1806 / GC: 19./20.10.1813
Order of St. Stephen – GC: 03.1810
Golden Military Honor Cross 1813/14 (only for Schwarzenberg
!): 20.09.1814 (31.05.1814)
Military Honor Cross 1813/14 (Army Cross 1813/14):
20.09.1814
Colonel-Proprietor of the Uhlan Regiment N°2:
12.1800 – 15.10.1820
I.R. Privy Councillor: 09.04.1805
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Baden:
Order of Fidelity
Bavaria:
Order of St. Hubert
Military Order of Maximilian Joseph – GC
Denmark:
Order of the Elephant
France:
Orden of the Holy Spirit: 05/06.18166
Order of the Légion d'Honneur – GC
Great
Britain:
Order of Bath – GC: 1815
Hannover:
Guelphic Order – GC
Naples-Sicily:
Order of St. Ferdinand and of Merit – GC
Netherlands:
Military Order of William – GC: 27.08.18157
Prussia:
Order of the Black Eagle: 1813
Order of the Red Eagle – 1st cl.
Russia:
Order of St. Andrew: 08./09.1813
Order of St. Alexander Nevskij
Order of St. George 1st cl.: 20.[08.]10.1813
Order of St. Anne 1st cl.
Saxony:
Order of the Rue Crown: 20.09.1815
Sardinia-Piedmont:
Order of the Annunziata: 03.01.1815
Sweden:
Military Order of the Sword – GC
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Karl Fürst zu Schwarzenberg was born on 15 April
1771 into an old and distinguished Franconian-Bohemian family which had been
elevated to princely rank in 1670 and had provided several senior generals and
statesmen to the Austrian state in the past. Prince Karl entered military service
in 1786 in the Kreis Infantry Regiment "Graf von Wolfegg", an Austrian imperial
contingent unit. On 29 December 1787, he transferred as an Unterleutant,
to the Leib Battalion, of the Infantry Regiment "Braunschweig-Wölfenbüttel" N°10.
On 9 February 1788, he went to fight in the wars against the Turks and was promoted
Captain for his conduct at Sabacz near Belgrade on 24 April of that year. He
served together with Prince Poniatowski and they had become friends some years
before.
On 14 November 1788, he transferred to Chevauleger
Regiment "Kaiser" N°1. The next year he joined FM Loudon's staff. In 1790
he was promoted to Major and was also taken into the First Arcieren Life
Guard (a Viennese court ceremonial unit) as a sergeant.
In 1791 Schwarzenberg transferred to Dragoon Regiment "Baillet
de Latour"
N°31. He was repeatedly distinguished in the war in the Netherlands at Neerwinden
and Tournay. On 13 February 1793, the prince was promoted to Oberstleutnant and
given command of the Uhlan Freicorps "Degelmann" in Galicia. The regiment then
went to Flanders, where, on 18 March, Schwarzenberg was distinguished in action
at Neerwinden, and again at the battle of Famars, on 23 May 1793. In 1794 he
was promoted to Oberst and given command of the Cuirassier Regiment "Wallisch" N°21,
which was at that time in Vienna. He thus arranged a transfer to Cuirassier Regiment "Zeschwitz" N°10,
which was in Flanders. Colonel Prince Schwarzenberg was distinguished in action
at Le Cateau (Troisvilles) on 26 April against the Armée des Ardennes
under General Chapuy. In this action, he led his regiment and a British heavy
cavalry brigade under GM Mansell and Colonel Vyse, into the flank of the enemy
column of the French Army. 2,000 French cavalry were overthrown. Schwarzenberg
then broke some squares of unsteady French infantry and the day was won for the
allies. GdB René-Bernard Chapuy was captured. For this he was awarded
the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order on 25 May 1794. In 1795
he was on the upper Rhine under GdK Graf Wurmser, and fought at the Pfrimm on
10 November and Frankenthal two days later. Schwarzenberg fought in the victorious
actions at Amberg and Würzburg in 1796 under Erzherzog Carl, and was promoted
to Generalmajor. In 1799, he was again in Swabia and fought at Ostrach
(21 March) and Stockach (25 March) and distinguished himself at the storm of
Mannheim on 18 September.
In September 1800, the Emperor promoted him to Feldmarschalleutnant.
He commanded the right wing of the Austro-Bavarian army, under FML Freiherr von
Kienmayer at Hohenlinden on 3 December 1800. His division was the only allied
formation not to lose a gun in this action but he did lose 30 officers and 1,200
men fighting off the divisions of Bastoul, Grenier and Legrand. He then commanded
the rearguard in the withdrawal to Salzburg. He was then made proprietor of Uhlan
Regiment N°2 (his old Freicorps). In 1803 he wrote: »The glue which
holds the machine (the army) together, is just subordination and again subordination;
one should indulge ones-self utterly in it.«
In 1805 Schwarzenberg was appointed Vice President
of the Aulic War Council; the same year he commanded a division in the Ulm campaign.
On hearing of FML Mack's plans he said: »Oh, how incredibly irresponsible!
This frivolous fool led the Austrian army – totally unprepared in every
respect – across the Inn on 8 October to invade Bavaria!«. On 11
October, as commander of the Austria advance guard at Haslach, the prince took
800 prisoners, 12 guns and two standards from General Dupont. He escaped from
the French encirclement at Ulm and made his way back to Bohemia. He then advised
the Austrian Emperor against fighting at Austerlitz but was overruled.
On 28 May 1806 he was awarded the Commander's Cross
of the MMTO. He was sent to the Czar on 1 January 1809 to conduct defensive negotiations;
the same time Prince Schwarzenberg received the Order of the Golden Fleece.
Schwarzenberg rejoined the army on 3 July at Wolkersdorf,
shortly before the battle of Wagram, and took command of a cavalry division.
He fought at Wagram on 6 July against Maraluz's cavalry then against Macdonald,
then formed the rearguard of the Austrian army. He was in action again at Znaim
against Montbrun's cavalry division. In September of that year the Emperor promoted
him to General der Kavallerie.
Schwarzenberg now was sent to Paris to negotiate
the marriage of Archduchesse Marie Louise to Napoleon. The Emperor thought very
well of him. At this time Schwarzenberg wrote: »Napoleon is the greatest
prince of his time, but does mean that he cannot be beaten? And if this can be
done, why should it not be me that does it? I am not worried by the prospect
of standing against him.«
In 1812 GdK prince Schwarzenberg commanded the Austrian
corps in the invasion of Russia. This corps operated on the southern flank of
the Grande Armée, together with the VII (Saxon) Corps, in the area of
the Pripet marshes. He won the battle of Gorodeczna (Podubna) on 12 August against
Tormassov and extracted his corps skilfully from the general debacle.
On hearing that Napoleon had proposed that he be
promoted to field marshal, he wrote to his wife: »This is fatal for me.
I am not worth it. My deep inner satisfaction is my reward; the trust and respect
of my comrades - that is my pride.« On 02.10.1812 he was promoted to Feldmarschall.
On 28 March 1813, the new field marshal was sent
to Paris to conduct negotiations with Napoleon aimed at securing peace (as envisaged
by Metternich, the Austrian Chancellor); he was received by Napoleon on 9 April
for an interview of four hours with great friendliness: »Mon cher ami!« said
the Emperor in greeting, »Vous avez fait une belle campagne - Vous!«.
The negotiations failed because Napoleon insisted that Prussia – which
had declared war on France on 28 March – must be destroyed and partitioned.
Austria would not agree to this. Napoleon left Paris for Saxony on 14 April.
After an audience with the Empress on that same day, Schwarzenberg left Paris
for Vienna on 30 April. On 8 May he was appointed to command the Army of Bohemia
and a little later Supreme Allied Commander – an utterly thankless task
with the three allied monarchs stealing his time and dabbling in his strategic
planning.
Prince Schwarzenberg fought at Dresden (where his
failure to assault Saint-Cyr's weak garrison on the 25th August ensured the stinging
allied defeat in the following battle), Kulm and Leipzig. After the last battle
he was greatly honoured by the allied monarchs. He also pleaded with Emperor
Francis that the unlucky Baron Mack be released from arrest in the Spielberg
fortress and rehabilitated; his request was granted.
After the campaign of 1814 (he was wounded at Bar-sur-Aube)
the prince became President of the Aulic War Council. Schwarzenberg suffered
a stroke in 1817 which left him partially paralysed. He died of a stroke on 15
October 1820 in the Thomas house on the main square in Leipzig, the place of
his biggest victory.
Printed Sources
ADB 33, p.306ff. | Bodart, pp.363, 435, 443,
455, 459, 461, 474, 475, 479 | Hirtenfeld 2, p.1093ff. | Hollins,
p.13ff. | HKR-Präs, N°28 (p.46ff.) | Kerchnawe, Hugo – Veltzé,
Alois: Feldmarschall Karl Fürst zu Schwarzenberg der Führer der Verbündeten
in den Befreiungskriegen. Eine Biographie, Vienna-Leipzig, 1913 | Matsch,
pp.113, 122 | MilSchem | ÖBL 12, p.22f. | ÖMZ
1822, vol.3, p.56ff.: Anton von Prokesch-Osten: Fürst Karl zu Schwarzenberg
(= Ritter, p.372) | Repertorium 3, p.275f. | Ritter, p.372 (= ÖMZ,
year 1822, vol.3, p.56ff.) | Schwarzenberg, Karl Fürst: Feldmarschall
Fürst Schwarzenberg. Der Sieger von Leipzig, Munich 1964 | Townsend,
p.172 | Victorin, DR7, pp.210, 403 | Vlies-Orden, p.187, N°874 | Wrede
3, p.325 | Wrede (6), pp.20, 32, 33 | Wurzbach 33, p.94ff. | WZ,
01.02.1809, 10.03.1810, 03.10.1812, 07.09.1813, 19.02.1814, 22.09.1814, 26.05.1815,
05.11.1815, 16.06.1816 | Zivkovic, Generalität, pp.14, 39 | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, pp.4, 131
Internet Sources
Boettger
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/schwarzenberg.html)
Jewison/Steiner
Marek (http://genealogy.euweb.cz/schwarzb/schwarzb3.html)
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Theroff (http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/schwarzenberg.html)
Uythoven
Vederman
Notes
1)
Schwarzenberg / Zivkovic, Generalität: 22.09.1809 (?)
2)
Audience of accession: 12.02.1809
3)
Matsch, p.122: 20.05.1809 (?)
4)
On leave: 22.09.1811 – 12.1811 / absent as Cdr of the Austrian Auxiliary
Corps in Russia: 05.1812 – 07.04.1813
5)
Date of the last report to Vienna
6)
Date of the Imperial permission to accept the order: 10.06.1816
7)
Schwarzenberg: 25.08.1815 (?)
| S55 |
Schwarzinger,
Johann Franz (Ritter ?) von |
Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 1737
Died: Vienna, 11.03.1808
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1797
Generalmajor: 27.04.1800 (w.r.f. 20.04.1800)
Retired: 1807
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 11.05.1796
Colonel-Proprietor of the Artillery Regiment N°2:
1804-1807
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Hirtenfeld 1, p.477f. | MilSchem | Wurzbach
32, p.340f. | (Wrede) 4, p.471 | WZ, 04.05.1808
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S56 |
Sebottendorf
von der Rose, Franz Ludwig Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: Brügge / Austrian Netherlands, 22.11.1741
Died: Linz / Upper Austria, 06.05.1822
Family Status
Brother of S57 and S58
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1789
Generalmajor: 11.06.1794 (w.r.f. 04.04.1794)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 06.03.1800 (w.r.f. 05.09.1799)
Retired: 1805
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Braunau: before 1802 – 1805
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Franz Ludwig Freiherr Sebottendorf von der Rose was
born on 22 November 1741 in Brügge. On 11 June 1794, he was promoted to Generalmajor.
In 1796 he served in Italy, initially under FZM Beaulieu. His division included
the brigades of Kerpen, Nicoletti, Rosselmini, Schubirz and 15 squadrons of Neapolitan
cavalry. Due to Napoleon's victory at Mondovi on 22 April, the Sardinians dropped
out of the war and left the outnumbered Austrians split in two parts. Beaulieu
evacuated Lombardy and fell back over the Po on 2 May. Sebottendorf's forces
were widely dispersed. On 8 May Lipthay was attacked and defeated by the French
at Fombio (SE of Milan, north of the River Po) and his corps dissolved in the
retreat. On 10 May, Sebottendorf was attacked and beaten at Lodi on the River
Adda by Napoleon with the divisions of Massena and Serrurier. Schubirz had left
Lodi before the attack, to fall further back north, according to Beaulieu's orders.
The Austrians lost 2,000 men and 15 guns. Sebottendorf now took post with the
6,000 men of the new Austrian centre at Valeggio, southwest of Milan. When the
Mincio line was broken at Borghetto on 30 May, he withdrew north, up into the
Tyrol. The fighting now died down for a while. Sebottendorf was also in the first
and second attempts to relieve Mantua under FM Wurmser. He fought at Bassano
on 8 September then went into Mantua with Wurmser. On 6 March 1800, he was promoted
to FML. He retired in 1805 and died on 6 May 1822 in Linz.
Printed Sources
Leitner 2, p.65f. | MilSchem | ÖBL
12, p.77f. | Svoboda 1, col.19 (wrong: GM in 1795) | Wurzbach 33,
p.247
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S57 |
Sebottendorf
von der Rose, Ignaz Anton Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: Brünn (Brno) / Moravia, 13.06.1749
Died: Linz / Upper Austria, 04.11.1821
Family Status
Brother of S56 and S58
Married: Maria Anna von Riva-Finoli
Promotions
Major: 26.09.1796
Oberstleutnant: 29.04.1797
Oberst: 18.11.1800
Generalmajor: 20.06.1807 (w.r.f. 12.06.1805)
Retired: 07.10.1815
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Leitner 2, p.88 | MilSchem | Svoboda
1, col.57 (wrong: retired as MG on 16.06.1807) | Wurzbach 33, p.247 | WZ,
04.07.1807, 02.12.1809
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S58 |
Sebottendorf
von der Rose, Karl Philipp Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: Luxemburg / Austrian Netherlands, 17.07.17401
Died: Vienna, 11.04.1818
Family Status
Brother of S56 and S57
Promotions
Major: 1784
Oberstleutnant: 03.1787
Oberst: 10.1787
Generalmajor: 27.02.17932
Feldmarschalleutnant: 04.03.1796 (w.r.f. 04.01.1796)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Adlatus of the Commanding General in Inner Austria
and (since 1805) in the Tyrol: before 1801-1806
Deputy of the President of the Military Appellate
Court: 02.1813 –
11.04.1818
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Hubka, IR22, pp.111, 127 | Leitner 2, p.56ff. | MilSchem | ÖBL
12, p.77 | Svoboda 1, col.19f. | Wurzbach 33, p.245f. | WZ,
11.05.1813 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.34
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano: 17.09.1740 (?)
2)
Hubka, IR, p.127: 15.03.1793 (?)
| S59 |
Sechter,
Johann
Sechter von Hermannstein,
Johann Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: 1739
Died: Königgrätz (Hradec Králové)
/ Bohemia, 03.11.1815
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 06.11.1795
Generalmajor: 18.11.1799 (w.r.f. 20.12.1799)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Ehrenbreitstein: 10.10.1794 – ~1797
(?)
Fortress Commandant of Königgrätz: 1799/1800 – 03.11.1815
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 13.01.1797 (with predicate: "von Hermannstein")
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 23.10.1796
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Frank 4, p.293 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.506ff. | MilSchem | Wurzbach
33, p.249f.
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S60 |
Seckendorff,
Alexander Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: 02.08.1743
Died: "Supenheim" (n.l.) / Württemberg, 11.06.1814
Promotions
Major: 1780
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1790
Generalmajor: 01.05.1794 (w.r.f. 30.05.1794)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 02.10.1799 (w.r.f. 12.09.1799)
Chivalric Order
Knight of the Teutonic Order: 1783
Coadjutor of the Bailiwick Hessen: 1801-1803
Province Commander (Landkomtur) of the Bailiwick
Hessen: 1803-1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Oldenhage, p.86 | Pizzighelli,
DR3, pp.36, 60 | Schmedes, IR28, p.299 | Täubl, p.190
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S61 |
Seckendorff,
Karl Ludwig Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: 10.10.1717
Died: 1793
Promotions
Major: 04.06.1745
Oberstleutnant: 08.05.1752
Oberst: 09.02.1755
Generalmajor: 11.02.1759 (w.r.f. 16.03.1758)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Amon, IR18, pp.164, 167, 175, 200 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S62 |
Seczujacz,
Arsenius
Seczujacz von
Heldenfeld, Arsenius
Seczujacz von
Heldenfeld, Arsenius Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: Syrmia, 1720
Died: Vienna, 13.01.1814
Name Variants
also: Szeczujacz
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 1765
Oberst: 1773
Generalmajor: 10.04.1783 (w.r.f. 24.02.1783)
Elevation of Social Status
plain nobility (by elevation of his father):
07.07.1759 (with predicate: "von Heldenfeld")
Freiherr: 26.12.1767
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 30.04.1762
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Frank 4, p.293 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.143f. | MilSchem | Wurzbach
33, p.270f. | WZ, 03.06.1814
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Wiener Neustadt / Lower Austria, 09.05.1810
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 16.07.1783
Oberst: 1784
Generalmajor: 16.01.1790 (w.r.f. 28.12.1789)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Anonym, DR2, pp.217, 277 | MilSchem | WZ,
15.08.1810
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S64 |
Seeger,
(Johann) Tobias
Seeger von Dürremberg,
(Johann) Tobias Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: 08.05.1728
Died: Josephstadt (Josefov u Jaromere) / Bohemia,
11.06.1793
Promotions
Major: 1760
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1773
Generalmajor: 07.11.1779 (w.r.f. 05.11.1779)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 06.02.1789 (w.r.f. 02.02.1789)
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Vice-Commandant of Olmütz: ~ 1778 – 17??
Fortress Commandant of Josephstadt (Pless): 1789 – 11.06.1793
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 25.04.1767
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 22.12.1761
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Frank 4, p.295 | Hirtenfeld 1, p.124f. | MilSchem
(wrong: d. 02.1793) | Wurzbach 33, p.306f.
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S65 |
Seenuß von
Freudenberg, Karl Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: 01.01.1805
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 09.11.1781 (w.r.f. 04.11.1781)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S66 |
Seethal,
Johann Baptist Peter von |
Personal Information
Born: Laibach (Ljubljana) / Carniola, 30.06.1767
Died: Kronstadt
(Brassó, Braşov) / Transylvania, 30.12.1840
Promotions
Major: 22.09.1800
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst: 1808
Generalmajor: 27.11.1812
Retired: 07.10.1815
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
–
Printed Sources
Blažekovič,
IR31, I, pp.248, 303, 306 | Hold, IR48,
pp.73, 84 | Leitner 2, p.140f. (wrong: GM in 1815) | MilSchem | Svoboda
1, col.135 (wrong: GM in 1815) | WZ, 29.12.1812
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S67 |
Segond
de Sederon, Jakob Chevalier de |
Personal Information
Born: 1758
Died: Bousset / France, 24.08.1832
Name Variants
(French) Jacques-Marie-Blaise Chevalier de
Segond de Sederon
Promotions
France:
Marechal-de-Camp: E. 1792
Into
Austrian service: 1793
Generalmajor: 01.03.1804 (w.r.f. 19.03.1804)
Quit: 1811
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
–
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
France:
Military Order of St. Louis – KC: 28.10.1791
USA:
Order of the Cincinnati: 1784
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Six 2, p.443
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: 28.05.1807
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 14.09.1790
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | WZ, 04.07.1807
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S69 |
Senitzer,
Paul Maria
Senitzer,
Paul Maria Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Freiberg Castle near Gleisdorf / Styria, 1761
Died: Esseg (Osjek, Eszék) / Slavonia, 20.06.1830
Promotions
Major: 01.09.1805
Oberstleutnant: 27.05.1809
Oberst: 22.06.1809
Generalmajor: 27.02.18141
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Esseg: 04.1826 – 20.06.1830
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 22.03.1821
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 13.06.1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Naples-Sicily:
Order of St. Ferdinand and of Merit – CC
Papal
State:
Order of Christ: 1818
Sardinia-Piedmont:
Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus – GC
Printed Sources
ADB 34, p.32f. | Blažekovič,
IR31, I, pp.290, 331 / p.370ff. (wrong: MMTO-KC: 13.07.1809 / wrong: rank of
FML) | Frank
4, p.302 | Frank-Döfering, 4011 | Hirtenfeld 2, p.1040f. | MilSchem | ÖBL
12, p.176 | Wurzbach 34, p.114f. | WZ, 29.06.1814
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
With army order from 17.03.1814 (Blažekovič, IR31, p.331)
| S70 |
Serbelloni,
Fabricius Graf von |
Personal Information
Born: Milan (Milano) / Lombardy, 05.09.1746
Died: Tübingen / Württemberg, 13.03.18001
Name Variants
(Italian) Fabrizio Conte di Serbelloni
Family Status
Married: 1780 Maria Carolina Gräfin von Magnis
(1750-1812)
Promotions
Major: 1789
Oberstleutnant: 06.03.17932
Oberst: 10.03.1797
Generalmajor: 06.03.1800 (w.r.f. 18.04.1800)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | Tomaschek, DR8, pp.248, 255, 270,
280, 686, 692, 709 (wrong: GM on 05.05.1800)
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Shamà
Wikipedia [= http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_dei_generali_italiani_(1800-1815)
].- Download: 19.08.2008
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano: 18.03.1800 (?)
2)
Tomaschek, DR8, p.709: 21.05.1793 (?)
| S71 |
Severoli,
Philipp Graf von |
Personal Information
Born: Faenza / Papal State, 1767
Died: Tusignano / Lombardy, 06.10.1822
Name Variants
(Italian) Filippo Conte di Severoli
Promotions
Italy:
General of Brigade: 1800
General of Division: 1808
Into
Austrian service: 1815
Feldmarschalleutnant: (01.04.?)1815
Retired: 12.03.1822
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Fortress Commandant of Piacenza: 1820 – 12.03.1822
(?)
Elevation of Social Status
Italy
(France):
Conte di Hannover: ~ 1808
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Order of the Iron Crown 2nd cl.: 1822
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
France:
Order of the Légion d'Honneur – KC
Italy
(France):
Order of the Iron Crown 2nd cl.
Parma:
Constantinian Order of St. George – CC: 1821/22
Printed Sources
Lombroso, p.245ff. (wrong: d. 1823) | MilSchem | WZ,
15.04.1815
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Wikipedia [= http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippo_Severoli].-
Download: 19.08.2008
Wikipedia [= http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_dei_generali_italiani_(1800-1815)
].- Download: 19.08.2008
| S72 |
(Boguslawice-)Sierakowsky,
Joseph Graf von |
Personal Information
Born: around 1734
Died: Vienna, 12.11.1801
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 23.12.1790 (w.r.f. 05.01.1791)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S73 |
Silly
de Tombo, Georg |
Personal Information
Born: around 1720
Died: Vienna, 16.04.1806
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 06.07.1786 (w.r.f. 02.07.1786)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Decoration of the Elisabeth Theresian Military Foundation:
1801
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Auer, N°291 | MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale ("Silly de Domló" ?)
| S74 |
Simbschen,
Joseph Anton Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Kronstadt (Brasov) / Transylvania, 06.10.1746
Died: Vienna, 14.01.1820
Family Status
Married: 1782 Rosalie (von ?) Wagner (1758-1826)
Promotions
Major: 12.07.17861
Oberstleutnant: 06.(03.?).05.1789
Oberst: 06.03.(04.02.?)1790
Generalmajor: 09.12.1795 (w.r.f. 22.05.1794)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 06.03.1800 (w.r.f. 10.09.1799)
Feldzeugmeister: 03.08.18092
Retired: 20.11.1810
Cashiered: 11.07.1815
Rehabilitated: 29.07.1818
Posts and Offices (Army,
Politics, Court)
Commanding General in Slavonia and Syrmia:
07.18063 – 24.10.1810 / 20.11.18104
Field Service (1792-1815)
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff of
the Army of Italy: 12.1792 – 01.1796
Commander of the Reserve Corps on the Main
river: 1797
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat
of Amsteg (in the valley of the Reuß): 14.-16.08.1799 (–)
Inspector General and Director of the Imperial
Defense: 14.02.1800 – (1801 ?)
Commander of the autonomous Corps in Franconia
(Germany): 11.1800 – 1.1801
Commander of the autonomous Corps in the Southern
Tyrol: 09.1805
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC:
28.05.18062
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment
N°43: 18.11.1806 – 1809 (disbanded)
Colonel-Proprietor of the Infantry Regiment
N°48: 23.11.1809 – 11.07.1815
I.R. Privy Councillor: 29.07.18072
Orders, Awards, Honorary
Appointments (Foreign Countries)
–
Biographical Essay (by Albrecht
Zimburg)
Publications and archival materials about Simbschen
are contradictory in many aspects, mostly where family background and certain
dates are concerned. This essay covers the newest findings concerning his life.
Josef Anton Freiherr von Simbschen was a difficult
character: noisy and choleric. Indeed, Archduke John referred to him as a “Poltron” – a
“loudmouth”.
Simbschen’s choice of words was sometimes
unfortunate which made him a lot of enemies. His loud and boasting nature made
people think negatively of him (Krones) and while his appearance was honest,
straight forward and duty minded, it was not too charming.
He was also not afraid to bend the truth in
order to forward his career. He changed his appearance to seem older at the beginning
of his career and, later on, to seem younger. Such behaviour was not uncommon
in those days where it would make it easier to advance up the ranks. He also
reportedly invented a wild story about having noble descent – he called
himself a Baron
– though this story has not been substantiated. Nevertheless, his nobility
was never questioned due to the fact that he earned the MMThO.
Joseph Anton was born in Kronstadt on 6 October
1746. Simbschen’s father, Carl (who later became a General) was an officer
in the Army of Maria Theresia and it was only natural at the time for the only
son to pursue the same career. Little is known of his youth and early military
career. It appears that he started as Kadett in Infantry Regiment “Puebla” N°26
in 1761. Only a year later, in 1762 he was transferred as Leutnant to Hussar
Regiment “Széchényi” N°3. After six years, in 1768,
he was transferred to the (Quartermaster) General Staff and on 18 December 1771
to Infantry Regiment
“Pálffy” N°53, which was the regiment of which his father
was once the commander and proprietor. On 20 March 1773 he was transferred again,
this time to the Otocaner Grenz Infantry Regiment N°2 and shortly afterwards,
on 1 June 1773, he was apparently able to buy himself a commission as Kapitänleutnant.
During the War of the Bavarian Succession he served as Hauptmann in the General
Staff and participated under the command of FZM Stain in the successful attack
on the entrenchments at Gieshübl and at Weißkirchen in Silesia. In
mid 1779, he returned to his former position as Company Commander in the Otocaner
Grenz Infantry Regiment N°2.
In 1782 he got married to Rosalie (von ?) Wagner,
daughter of a wealthy family (her brothers owned Neudeck und Schönwalde
near the city of Eger in Bohemia), against payment of security of 6000 fl. On
12 July 1786 he was promoted to Major and Navy-Commandant in Zengg (Senj) and
Carlopano. That same year (1786) he accompanied the young Archduke Francis (soon
to be Emperor Francis II./I.) on a trip through the Croatian Coastal Lands. He
returned to his post in Grenz Infantry Regiment N°2 on 20 November 1787,
only to be transferred on 01 August 1788 to Grenz Infantry Regiment N°10.
In the war against Turkey in 1788/90 he took part in the capture of Dubicza,
Novi, Berbir and Czettin, as well as in actions at Negotin and again Czettin.
According to some sources he was transferred
to the General Staff on 17 February 1789. On 3 or 6 May 1789 he was promoted
to Oberstleutnant, he might have been transferred to the General Staff at theses
dates. Only a little less than a year later, on 6 March 1790 (or 4 February 1790)
he was already promoted to Oberst. After this war he was again transferred on
21 September (May ?) 1791 back to the 1st Banal Grenz Infantry Regiment N°10
(supernumerary).
From December 1792 (or unlikely: 3 September
1793 ?) until January 1796 he was CoS of the Army of Italy. He went on a secret
spying mission together with the later General Franz Xaver Richter von Binnenthal
(see: R30). The aim of the mission was to investigate possible landing zones
of French forces along the Italian coast. Dressed up as merchants, the two also
spied on the French envoy Semonville, who was later arrested based on the results
of this mission.
Simbschen witnessed the action at Dego, Savona
und Loano in 1794 and 1795. Initially, he and FZM Joseph De Vins appear to have
been on friendly terms however, the relationship must have deteriorated quite
rapidly. The unsuccessful and disastrous campaign in 1795, which blighted De
Vin’s carrer, did not tarnish Simbschen’s reputation as De Vins’ detailed
orders did not give Simbschen room to apply his own judgement and in any case,
De Vins deliberately kept his Chief of the General Staff uninformed and away
from the decision making process. Simbschen was promoted to Generalmajor and
transferred to the Army of Germany on 9 December 1795.
During the 1796 campaign Simbschen took part
at the actions of Wetzlar, Kirchheim, Friedberg, Limburg and Neuwied and the
defense of Mainz. He commanded three sorties, participated in the action at Wiesbaden
(09.09.1796) and witnessed the Fall of Dietz and Bingen. In 1797 he was commander
of a reserve corps on the river Main and had to cover Frankfurt. He also saw
action at Limberg, Wiesbaden and Königstein.
In 1799, Simbschen, while commanding the Corps
of Sztáray, who was indisposed, reached the battlefield of Stockach too
late and, with only his advance troops, chased away the already beaten troops
of St. Cyr and Vandamme. With these troops he conitnued to advance and pressed
French troops out of Rottweil, Offenburg, Freudenstadt and Kniepiss, after which
he moved to Kehl on the River Rhine.
Later, Simbschen took part in the action at
Andelfingen as well as the 1st battle of Zürich on 4 June 1799, where he
commanded a brigade on the right wing of the army under FML Nauendorf. In August
1799 he was commanding an isolated brigade in Switzerland, which got pushed back
on the 14 August at Amsteg. He had to retreat under heavy pressure from Lecourbe
via the Devils Bridge (which he destroyed), Andermatt, the Oberalppass and finally
from Illanz to Davos where he managed to establish communication with the main
body of Archduke Charles’s army. On 14 February 1800 he was appointed as
Inspector General and Director of the Imperial Defense and shortly afterwards
promoted to Feldmarschalleutnant on 6 March 1800.
In the 1800 campaign in Germany he saw action
at the relief of Würzburg. During the winter campaign he stood with 10.000
troops between Bamberg and Forchheim to shield Franconia together with Klenau’s
Division against the 19.000 strong Gallo-Batavian Army of Augereau. On the day
of the battle of Hohenlinden (03.12.1800), he was unsuccessfully attacked by
Augereau’s troops at Burg-Eberach. Close to Christmas, he fought the actions
at Neuhof, Grafenberg and Neukirchen (20 and 21 December 1800) against the corps
of Duhesme, who was forced to retreat. As the main army had to retreat, Simbschen
and Klenau had to return behind the River Rednitz.
On the 28 December he was again attacked at
Neukirchen, but this time was able to stay his ground. Later he pulled back to
Hersbruck, where he stayed until the end of the campaign.
In September 1805 he commanded a Corps in South
Tyrol. He played a decisive part in the Battle of Caldiero from 29. - 31.10.1805
for which he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order.
After the 1805 war he was awarded the proprietorship
of Infantry Regiment N°43 on 1 November 1806 (which after its disbandment
in 1809 was changed to Infantry Regiment N°48) in further recognition of
his services.
1806 saw him as Military Commander in Agram
(Zagreb) and in June 1807 he was appointed as the Commanding General in Slavonia
and Syrmia, based in Peterwardein (Petrovaradin). There he played an important
role in developing the relationship between Austria and the rebellious Serbs,
who were suffering under the Turkish yoke. On several occasions he personally
held negotiations with their leader, Karageorgevich (George Petrović), the
leader of the Serb uprising. Simbschen’s eldest son Josef Karl (later also
awarded with the MMTO for Leipzig 1813) acted as a trusted go-between.
Simbschen, like all the other military commanders
who knew the military border well (and spoke the language!), favoured the Serbs.
Archduke Charles held the same views and Simbschen was counted as one of “his” men.
On 03 August 1809 he was promoted to Feldzeugmeister. But on 24 October 1810
he was recalled and retired on 20 November 1810 with a salary of grace of 4000
fl. (supreme Imperial decision from 20.11.10).
What happened to Simbschen’s career?
First, in 1809 Simbschen had the difficult task of negotiating the voluntary “Anschluß” of
Serbia without rebuffing Russia and Turkey. In doing this, he negotiated directly
with Karageorgevich, who trusted Simbschen. Karageorgevich asked for Austrian
protection and wanted in return the handover of the fortresses of Belgrade, Semendria
and Šabac. However, the Serb-friendly views of the Austrian Generals stationed
at the border were not shared by everybody in the Austrian army. After the lost
war of 1809 Metternich, stationed in distant Vienna, had different views of the
matter: he wanted stability and above all neither he nor Napoleon wanted to provoke
Russia, which was needed as an ally or at least not as enemy in the upcoming
war. Any engagement with the Serbs was strictly forbidden.
A great opportunity had been missed. Austria
lost the abandoned Serbs’ sympathy forever! The bitterly disappointed Karageorgevich
turned for help towards Russia, the fellow Slavic big brother. Simbschen not
only lost face with Karageorgevich but on top of that had to serve as scapegoat
for this break-away of the Serbs.
A second factor contributing to Sibschen’s
fall in grace was the resignation of his supporter, Archduke Charles as supreme
commander of the Army (Generalissimus) in 1809. With Archduke Charles’ protection
was gone, Simbschen’s enemies in Vienna were ready. He was recalled in
autumn of 1810 and had to face an inquiry, which resulted in the humiliating
arrest of the nearly 66 year old general in August 1812. He was court-martialed
in December 1813, charged with the following:
1. Abuse of office
2. Partial responsibility for defrauding the
Turkish (!) Empire of a sum of 26.000 Piaster
3. Suspicious increase of his private funds
during his stay in Slavonia
4. Breach of duty by supplying the rebellious
Serbs with ammunition and handing over Miloš
Petrivić, a leader of Serb robbers.
Despite a lack of foundations to the accusations
and an excellent defence, which he delivered himself, he was unsuccessful
in the end. The truth was that he just had stepped on too many toes and obstructed
too many illegal businesses, which was not to the liking of some of the beneficiaries
who were connected to high places in Vienna. Simbschen had fallen victim to a
plot, the details of which have been explained by the Austrian historian Franz
Krones (Josef Freiherr von Simbschen und die Stellung Österreichs zur serbischen
Frage 1807-1810, and also: FZM Joseph Freiherr von Simbschen 1810-1818. Sein
kriegsrechtlicher Prozeß und seine Rehabilitierung.- both see: printed
sources).
The Military Court did not at first follow
the prosecution and instead of four years imprisonment, loss of his rank and
also loss of his MMTO, sentenced him mildly to one year (military) house arrest.
This verdict was not sufficient for certain people involved and the Aulic War
Council intervened and nullified the verdict on 12 July 1815 and sentenced Simbschen
to two years in prison; only his already served prison term was deducted. Interestingly
enough he was allowed to keep his “Gnadengehalt” of 4000 fl per year
to sustain his family (09.08.1815).
In prison, Simbschen wrote a four hundred page
explanation, which was given to the president of the Aulic War Council FM Schwarzenberg,
who took it to the Emperor. The explanation resulted in the full reinstatement
of Simbschen’s rank, title, MMTO, pension, etc. on 1 August 1818. The
“Gnadengehalt” was changed into his official pension. (supreme Imperial
decision from 29.07.1818)
But the strain of these years took its toll,
he never fully recovered from the years in prison and died in January 1820. His
remains were buried at the cemetery of St. Marx in Vienna. The location of his
grave can still be found today on the plan of the cemetery, but the grave itself
no longer exists.
Simbschen had four children, three sons and
one daughter. The sons all pursued successful military careers. Two of them earned
the MMTO: the eldest son, Josef Karl in 1815 (for his conduct at the Battle of
Leipzig in 1813) and Carl, a die-hard Cavalry Commander, in 1850 for his achievements
in the Battle at Komorn (02.07.1849). Josef Karl died as Oberst in 1824, but
the two other brothers, Carl and Ferdinand, both rose to the rank of Feldmarschalleutnant.
Only Josef Karl and Ferdinand had issue.
Printed Sources
ADB 54, p.345ff. | Bodart,
p.341 | Hirtenfeld 2, p.784ff. (wrong:
b. 1745) | Hold, IR48, pp.68, 133f. | Ilwof,
Franz: FZM Joseph Freiherr von Simbschen und Österreichs Verhältnis
zu Serbien in den Jahren 1805-1811. In:
Österreich-Ungarische Revue 15, 1893, pp.169-196. | Jäger-Sunstenau,
Hanns: Über die unberechtigte Führung von Adelstiteln. In: Adler, year
1943, issue January-March, pp.18-19 | Krones,
Franz: Josef Freiherr von Simbschen und die Stellung
Österreichs zur serbischen Frage 1807-1810. In: Archiv für
österreichische Geschichte 76, Vienna 1890, pp.127-260 | Krones,
Franz: FZM Joseph Freiherr von Simbschen 1810-1818. Sein kriegsrechtlicher Prozeß und
seine Rehabilitierung. In: Archiv für österreichische Geschichte 77,
Vienna 1891, pp.151-264. | MilSchem | ÖBL
12, p.274f. | Regele, p.28 (wrong: b.
1745) | Rothenberg, Militärgrenze,
p.160 (= Rothenberg, Military Border, p.105) | Tischler,
Ulrike: Die habsburgische Politik gegenüber den Serben und Montenegrinern
1791-1822 (= Südosteuropäische Arbeiten 108), Munich 2000 | Wrede
1, p.453 | Wrede 2, p.242 | Wurzbach
34, p.309ff. | WZ, 04.07.1807, 25.11.1809 | Zivkovic,
Generalität, p.38 (FZM on 31.07.1809 ?) | Zivkovic,
Heerführer, pp.68, 109, 129
Internet Sources
Ebert (http://www.napoleon-online.de/AU_Generale/html/simbschen.html)
(wrong: b. 1745)
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1) According to most
of the documents in the Austrian War Archive (personnel sheet, service record,
transfer record) and contrary to the muster roll of the Infantry Regiment N°48
from 1811, which date
– 06.06.1783 – seems do be wrong.
2) On 11 July 1815
condemned by military court to lose his rank (FZM) and all his orders and dignities
(MMTO, regimental proprietorship, privy councillor). Rehabilitated on 29 July
1818 by supreme Imperial resolution.
3) Rothenberg, Militärgrenze,
p.160: 06.1807 (?)
4) Date of the supreme
Imperial resolution / actual date of the handing-over of office
| S75 |
Sinzendorf,
Rudolf Graf von |
Personal Information
Born: Vienna, 08.04.1757
Died: Vienna, 15.05.18121
Family Status
Unmarried
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant: 1797
Oberst: 1799
Generalmajor: 01.09.1805 (w.r.f. 29.03.1805)
Retired: 1810
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 11.05.1796
I.R. Chamberlain
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Arnegger, Katharina: Das Geschlecht der Sinzendorf,
Ph.D. thesis, Vienna 2000, p.116f. | Hirtenfeld 1, p.478f. | MD
5, p.65 (wrong: d. 12.04.1812) | MilSchem | Wurzbach 35, p.26f.
(wrong: d. 15.05.1811) | WZ, 24.06.1812
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Arnegger, p.116 / MD 5: 12.04.1812 (?)
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: 02.08.1816
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 28.03.1808 (w.r.f. 02.07.1805)
Feldmarschalleutnant (title): 23.10.1814
Retired: 23.10.1814
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem | WZ, 04.05.1808
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S77 |
Skal
und Großellgut, (Johann) Ferdinand Ritter von
Skal und Großellgut,
(Johann) Ferdinand Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: 23.01.1744
Died: Vienna, 26.05.1810
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 03.09.1799 (w.r.f. 01.09.1799)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 01.09.1805 (w.r.f. 19.09.1805)
Field Service (1792-1815)
Chief of the Quartermaster General Staff ad interim of
the Army of the Rhine: 07.-08.1794
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 20.04.1801
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
Frank 5, p.10 | Regele, p.29 | MilSchem | WZ,
15.08.1810 | Zivkovic, Heerführer, p.108
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S78 |
Skaricza
von Ratkócz, Johann |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Preßburg (Pozsony, Bratislava) / Hungary,
12.01.1804
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 11.07.1798 (w.r.f. 02.07.1798)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
| S79 |
Smackers
de Mirwart, Heinrich Freiherr |
Personal Information
Born: 17??
Died: Mariaschein (Bohosudov) / Bohemia, 16.01.18041
Promotions
Major:
Oberstleutnant:
Oberst:
Generalmajor: 15.02.1786 (w.r.f. 11.02.1786)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 27.02.1793 (w.r.f. 15.02.1793)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
– (?)
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
– (?)
Printed Sources
MilSchem
Internet Sources
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale (wrong: "Smackers de Miremont")
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano: 06.01.1805 (?)
| S80 |
Smola,
Joseph von
Smola,
Joseph Freiherr von |
Personal Information
Born: Teplitz (Teplice) / Bohemia, 12.06.17641
Died: Vienna, 29.11.1820
Family Status
Married: 1800 Marie Freiin von Häring (1771-1807)
Son-in-law of H5 (Häring)
Promotions
Major: 01.12.1800
Oberstleutnant: 03./04.1808
Oberst: 18.03.1809
Generalmajor: 27.04.1813
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr: 07.11.1816
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 07.07.1794
/ CC: 24.05.1809
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign
Countries)
Russia:
Order of St. Vladimir 3rd cl.: 1815
Printed Sources
ADB 34, p.495ff. | Frank 5, p.15 | Frank-Döfering,
4076 | Gatti, ArtAk, p.105f. | Hirtenfeld 2, p.865ff. | Kerchnawe,
Hugo: Ehrenbuch unserer Artillerie, vol.1, Vienna 1935, p.8f. | MD 5,
p.68 | MilSchem | ÖBL 12, p.372f. | ÖMZ, year
1845, vol.3, p.69ff., 127ff.: K.S.: Erinnerungen an den kaiserlich-östreichischen
Generalmajor in der Artillerie Joseph Freiherrn von Smola | Werth, Albert:
Erinnerungen an den kaiserlich österreichischen Generalmajor in der Artillerie
Josef Freiherrn von Smola. In: Mitteilungen über Gegenstände des Artillerie-
und Geniewesens. Ed. by the k.u.k. Technisches Militärkomitee, year 36,
Vienna 1905, p.607ff. | Wurzbach 35, p.186ff. | WZ, 04.05.1808,
11.05.1813, 08.06.1813, 18.10.1815
Internet Sources
Jewison/Steiner
Schmidt-Brentano, Generale
Notes
1)
Schmidt-Brentano: 03.07.1764 (?)
|
Placed on the Napoleon Series: September 2008; updated December
2008
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