War of the 1st Coalition (with Napoleon's 1st Italian Campaign)

20 april 1792 — 17 october 1797

Comments
The War of the 1st Coalition starts with the French Declaration of War to Austria and Prussia on 20th of april 1792 and ends with the Peace of Campo formio on 17th of october 1797.

The armistice of Cherasco on 27th of april 1796 brings the end of Piedmont's participation in the war (1st Italian Campaign).

The 1st Coalition War has the following campaigns

  • Campaign in Italy of 1796 & 1797 (Napoleon's 1st Italian Campaign): 26th of march 1796 until 17th of october 1797 (Peace of Campo formio).
  • Campaign in Holland.

1792/09/20

Battle of Valmy

French victory

France

Prussia/Austria

Dumouriez/Kellermann

Brunswick

Troops:

59000 (11), 50000 (12)

35000 (11&12)

Losses:

Total 300 (11), <200 (12)

Total 184 (11), 300 (12)

Comments
Retreat of the Prussian troops. The Revolution Army occupies the left bank of the river Rhine.

1792/11/06

Battle of Jemappes

French victory

France

Austria

Dumouriez

Albrecht

Troops:

40000 (11&12)

13000 (11), 14000 (12)

Losses:

Total 4000 (11)

Total 1241 (11)

Comments
Occupation of the Austrian Netherlands (Belgium).

1793/02/23

Combat of La Maddalena

Sardinian victory

France

Sardinia

Napoleon/Quenzas

1793/03/02

Battle of Hongen

? victory

France

Austria

Losses:

Total 2000 (11)

Total 40 (11)

1793/03/18

Battle of Neerwinden

Austrian victory

France

Austria

Dumouriez

von Saxen-Coburg

Troops:

41000 (11), 45000 (12)

39000 (11&12)

Losses:

Total: >4000 (11), 4000 (12)

Total: <3000 (11)

1793/03/03 - 1793/03/05

Battle of Swalmen

Prussian/Austrian victory

France

Prussia/Austria

Lamarlière/Champmorin

Brunswick/vonWentheim

1793/05/21 - 1793/05/23

Battle of Valenciennes

Allied(Austrian) victory

France

Allies(Austria)

Custine

VonSaxen-Coburg

1793/05/24 - 1793/08/01

Siege of Valenciennes

Austrian/British/Hanoverian victory

France

Allies(Austria/Britain/Hanover)

Custine

Von Saxen-Coburg

Troups:

9500 (12)

30000 (12)

Losses:

Total 4500 (12)

Total 1750 (12)

Comments
The French were the besieged
Some sources claim the end of the siege to be on the 1793/07/28.

1793/06/07 - 1793/06/09

Battle of Arlon

French victory

France

Austria

Troops:

12000 (11)

7000 (11)

Losses:

Total 1000 (11)

Total 550 (11)

1793/08/27 - 1793/12/19

Siege of Toulon

Republican France victory

Republican France

Royalists/Britain/Spain/Naples/Piedmont

Carteaux/Doppet/Dugommier

Hood/O'Hara

Comments
Toulon and the French Mediterranean fleet surrenders to the British fleet under Admiral Hood on 1793/08/24.
On 1793/12/19 Toulon falls to the Revolutionary French. In the confusion the french fleet suffers very heavy losses.
On 1793/12/14 Napoleons well known assaults on two of the harbour protecting forts succeeded.
Some sources claim the start of the siege to be on the 1793/09/07.
Some 10'000 Royalists were evacuated from Toulon when the Allies abandoned the City.

1793/08/29

Battle of Bolcaire

? victory

France

Spain

Losses:

Total 150 (11)

Total 360 (11)

1793/09/06 - 1793/09/08

Battle of Hondschoote

French victory

France

Britain/Hanover/Hessia

Houchard

Duke of York

Troops:

24000 (11)

16000 (11)

Losses:

Total <2500 (11)

Total 2500 (11)

Comments
This has to be seen in connection with the siege of Dunkirk of the period. With this battle Houchard relieved the besieged French. At Hondschoote there were especially the Hanoverian troops of York's army (35'000 strong) present. Houchard had a total of 50'000 (Army of the North) to his disposal during these days on campaign.

1793/09/13

Battle of Menin

French victory

France

Holland

Houchard

Prince of Orange

Troups:

40000 (12)

20000 (12)

Comments
Shortly afterwards Houchards troops failed to defeat the Austrians further east of Menin and he was removed from command and executed.

1793/09/14

Battle of Pirmasens

Prussian victory

France

Prussia

Duke of Brunsick

Troops:

12000 (11&12)

12000 (11)

Losses:

Total 3000 (11), 4000 (12)

Total 168 (11)

1793/10/15 - 1793/10/17

Battle of Wattignies

French victory

France

Austria

Jourdan

von Saxen-Coburg

Troups:

45000 (11&12)

22000 (11)

Losses:

Total "heavy" (12)

Total 2500 (11)

Comments
This french victory relieved also the by the Austrians besieged Maubeuge.

1793/10/29

Battle of Marchiennes

? victory

France

Austria

Losses:

Total 2000 (11)

Total 100 (11)

1793/11/28 - 1793/11/30

Battle of Kaiserslautern

undecided

France

Prussia

Hoche

Brunswick

Troops:

35000 (11), 30000 (12)

23000 (11)

Losses:

Total 3000 (11&12)

Total 800 (11), 1300 (12)

Comments
Some sources claim this to be a Prussian victory.

1793/12/07

Battle of Montesquiou

? victory

France

Spain

Losses:

Total 1238 (11)

Total 48 (11)

1793/12/22

Battle of Fröschwiller

French victory

France

Prussia

Hoche

Brunswick

1793/12/26

Battle of Geisberg

French victory

France

Austria

Hoche

Würmser

1794/04/24

Engagement of Villers-en-Cauchies

Allied victory

France

Allies(Austria/Britain)

Chappuis

Ott

Losses:

Total 1200 (12)

1794/04/26

Battle of Beaumont-en Cabresis

Allied victory

France

Allies(Austria/Britain)

Pichegru

Troops:

22000 (11)

10000 (11)

Losses:

Total 7000 (11), 3200 (12)

Total 1500 (11), 500 (12)

1794/04/30

Battle of Maureillas

? victory

France

Spain

Losses:

KIA 10 (11)

Total 3000 (11)

1794/05/17 - 1794/05/18

Battle of Tourcoing

French victory

France

Allies(Austria/Britain/Hanover)

Souham

von Saxen-Coburg/Duke of York

Troups:

62000 (11), 60000 (12)

62000 (11), 73000 (12)

1794/05/22

Battle of Tournai

Allied victory

France

Allies

Pichegru

Troops:

62000 (12)

Losses:

Total 6000 (12)

Total 4000 (12)

1794/06/16

Engagement at Charleroi (or vicinity?)

Allied(Austrian) victory

France

Austria(Allies)

Jourdan

Troups:

75000 (12)

1794/06/19 - 1794/06/25

Siege of Charleroi

French victory

France

Austria

Hatry

Reinach

Comments
The Austrians were the besieged

1794/06/26

Battle of Fleurus

French victory

France

Allies(Austria/Holland)

Jourdan

Von Saxen-Coburg

Troups:

70000 (11)

52000 (11)

Losses:

Total 2286 (aprox.) (11), 7000 (12)

Total 2286 (exact) (11), 10000 (12)

Comments
The losses indicated in (12, page 67) have probably to be seen in connection with the whole action around Charleroi during this day (not only at Fleurus).

1794/07/12 - 1794/07/18

Battle of Bilbao

French victory

France

Spain

Moncey/Dessein

Crespo

Comments
May be the same action as the battle of Irurzon

1794/11/17 - 1794/11/20

Battle of Montagne Noir

French victory

France

Spain

Dugommier/ Perignon

La Union

Comments
Dugommier was killed on the 17th
La Union was killed on the 20th.

1795/09/21

1st Battle of Dego

French victory

France

Austria

Napoleon

1795/10/29

Battle of Mainz

Austrian Victory

France

Austria

Schaal

Clerfayt

1795/11/23 - 1795/11/24

Battle of Loano

French victory

France

Austria/Sardinia

Scherer

Devins

Losses:

Total 1700 (11)

Total 5500 (11)

1796/04/10

Action of Voltri

Austrian victory

France

Austria

Cervoni

Beaulieu

1796/04/12

Battle of Montenotte

French victory

France

Austria

Napoleon

Argenteau

Troops:

40000 (11), 9000 (12)

55000 (11), 6000 (12)

Losses:

Total 2500 (12)

1796/04/14

Battle of Millesimo

French victory

France

Austria/Piedmont/Sardinia

Menard (Augereau (Napoleon))

Beaulieu

1796/04/14 - 1796/04/15

2nd Battle of Dego

French victory

France

Austria/Sardinia/Piedmont

Massena/Laharpe(Napoleon)

Wukassovitch/Beaulieu

1796/04/16 - 1796/04/17

Battle of Ceva

French victory

France

Austria/Piedmont

Augerau(Napoleon)

Colli

Troops:

2nd day 24000 (12)

6500 (3), 13000 (12)

Losses:

Total 600 (3)

Comments
The first day saw a victory of the Austrians/Piedmontese
La Union was killed on the 20th.

1796/04/21

Battle of Mondovi

French victory

France

Piedmont/Sardinia

Serurier (Napoleon)

Colli

Troups:

25000 (12)

13000 (12)

1796/05/08

Combat of Fombio

French victory

France

Austria

Laharpe/Dallemagne

Liptay

1796/05/10

Battle of Lodi

French victory

France

Austria

Napoleon

Sebottendorf (Beaulieu)

Troups:

30000 (11)

10000 (11), 8500 (12)

Losses:

Total 1000 (12)

Prisoners 2000 (12)

Comments
According to "Warfare and Armed Conflicts" by Michael Clodfelter it was in this action where Napoleon earned his nickname "Le Petit Caporal."
And according to several sources, Napoleon later said that it was Lodi that made him certain he could be a man of high destiny.

1796/05/30

Battle of Borghetto

French victory

France

Austria

Napoleon

Beaulieu

Troups:

19000 (12)

Losses:

"Little" (12)

1796/06/04 - 1797/02/02

Siege of Mantua

French victory

France

Austria

Masséna/Kilmaine/d'Allemagne/Dumas

d'Iries/Würmser

Troups:

Beginning 13000 (12)
End 16000 (12)

Comments
From 1796/09/13 on Würmser were in comand of the besieged Austrians
Full name of Austrian Commander: Campo d'Iries
The Austrians were the besieged
The Austrians under Würmser managed to bring approximately an additional 14000 troops into the city during the siege.

1796/06/15 - 1796/06/16

Battle of Wetzlar (Wetzlau)

Austrian victory

France

Austria

Jourdan

Archduke Charles

1796/07/09

Battle of Malsch

undecided

France

Austria

Moreau

Archduke Charles

Comments
Some sources claim this battle as a french victory (probably because as a result of the battle Archduke Charles was afterwards pressured back over the Danube).

1796/08/05 - 1796/08/06

Battle of Lonato

French victory

France

Austria

Napoleon

Würmser

Comments
Some sources show the following commanders: F: Herbin/Despinois(Napoleon); A: Knorr.

1796/08/05

Battle of Castiglione

French victory

France

Austria

Napoleon

Würmser

Troops:

27500 - 30000 (1), 28000 (11)

25000 (1&11)

Losses:

Total 1500 (1), 1500 (12)

Total 3000 (1)
KIA&WIA 2000 (12)
Prisoners 1000 (12)

1796/08/11

Battle of Neresheim

French victory

France

Austria

Moreau

Latour(Archduke Charles)

Troups:

50000 (11), 65000 (12)

48000 (11), 56000 (12)

Losses:

Total 3000 (12)

Total 3000 (12)

Comments
Some sources claim this to be an undecided battle.

1796/08/24

Battle of Amberg

Austrian victory

France

Austria

Jourdan

Archduke Charles/Wartensleben

Troups:

45000 (11&12)

48000 (11), 61000 (12)

Losses:

Total 2000 (12)

Total 2000 (12)

1796/08/24

Battle of Friedberg

French victory

France

Austria

Moreau

Lataour

1796/09/03

Battle of Würzburg

Austrian victory

France

Austria

Jourdan

Archduke Charles

Troups:

30000 (11)

44000 (11), 60000 (12)

Losses:

Total 5800 (11)

Total 1469 (11)

Comments
Another action between Jourdan and Archduke Charles at Würzbur took place on the 1796/09/16: Also Austrian victory.

1796/09/04

Battle of Roveredo

French victory

France

Austria

Masséna

Davidovich

Troops:

10000 (12)

14000 (12)

Losses:

Prisoners 6000 (12)

1796/09/05

Battle of Caliano

French victory

France

Austria

Vaubois

Davidovich

1796/09/08

Battle of Bassano

French victory

France

Austria

Napoleon

Würmser

Troops:

22000 (12)

Losses:

Prisoners 4000 (12)

1796/10/02

Battle of Biberach

French victory

France

Austria

Moreau

Archduke Charles

Losses:

Total 5000 (12)

1796/11/12

Battle of Caldiero

Austrian victory

France

Austria

Napoleon

Alvintzy

Troups:

30000 (11)

37000 (11), 28000 (12)

Comments
First defeat of Napoleon where he personally has the lead.

1796/11/15 - 1796/11/17

Battle of Arcole

French victory

France

Austria

Napoleon

Alvintzy

Troops:

1st day 15000 (1)
2nd day 17000 (1)
3rd day 20000 (1)
20000 (11)

1st day 3000-9000 (1)
2nd day 12000 (1)
3rd day 17000 (1)
17000 (11)

Losses:

Total 4600 (3), 4500 (1&12)

Total >6000 (3), 7000 (1), 7000 (12)

1797/01/14 - 1797/01/15

Battle of Rivoli

French victory

France

Austria

Napoleon

Alvintzy

Troops:

1st day 10000-20500 (1)
2nd day 14000 (1)
21000 (11)

1st day 12000-28000 (1)
2nd day 20000 (1)
28000 (11)

Losses:

Total 5000 (1)

Total 14000 (1)

1797/01/16

Battle of La Favorita

French victory

France

Austria

Augerau/Masséna

Provera

1797/03/23

Battle of Malborghetto

French victory

France

Austria

Masséna

Archduke Charles

1797/04/18

Battle of Neuweid (Lahn)

French victory

France

Austria

Hoche

Werneck

Losses:

Total 5000 (12)

Contact Martin Liechty for any information about these pages.