British Regiments and the Men Who Led Them 1793-1815: Royal
Veteran, Reserve, and Garrison Battalions
By Steve Brown
The history of these particular units is
confusing since the term ‘Garrison Battalion’ was applied to three different
types of corps at various times in the period 1795 to 1816. Chronologically
speaking, the evolution goes like this;
1. A
single Royal Garrison Battalion existed from 1795 to 1802
2. It
was disbanded and replaced by seven new Royal Garrisons Battalions in December
1802
3. Sixteen
Battalions of Reserve were raised in July 1803 in accordance with the
Additional Forces Act
4. The
seven Royal Garrison Battalions were re-named Royal Veteran Battalions in July
1804
5. The
sixteen Battalions of Reserve were re-named Garrison Battalions in October 1804
6. These
sixteen battalions were disbanded and replaced by three new Garrison Battalions
in February 1805
7. The
Royal Veteran Battalions were largely disbanded in 1814, but two were retained
(4th and 7th) whilst six (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th and 8th) were re-raised in
1815 and disbanded in 1816. Technically these were new battalions, but have
been covered under the description of the original unit for ease of reference.
8. The
Garrison Battalions were also largely disbanded in 1814, but two (3rd and 4th)
were retained and re-numbered, and a new 3rd Garrison Battalion was formed in
1815 from invalids in Plymouth and Portsmouth and Chelsea out-pensioners. All
three were disbanded in 1816 and 1817.
The main difference between Veteran and
Garrison Battalions was that the former were intended as a home for deserving
old soldiers no longer fit for regular duty, whereas the latter were intended
for the left-over limited service men enrolled under the various forces acts of
1803 to 1806. However this distinction blurred over time as both were used for
depositing worn-out old soldiers for garrison duties.
Part
One – Royal Garrison Battalions and Royal Veteran Battalions 1795-1816
A Royal Garrison Battalion was raised on
1 September 1795, to provide a home-based unit to release regular battalions
from garrison duty, therefore freeing them for overseas service. It was
disbanded on 24 December 1802, and replaced with seven new Garrison Battalions,
which were re-titled Royal Veteran Battalions on 30 June 1804.
Royal Garrison
Battalion
Regimental
History
1795: |
1
September - raised |
1796: |
Gibraltar |
1797: |
Gibraltar |
1798: |
Gibraltar;
Jersey |
1799: |
Jersey |
1800: |
Jersey |
1801: |
Jersey |
1802: |
Jersey;
24 December – disbanded, officers retired on their full pay. |
Senior Officers
1
September 1795: |
Colonel
- Robert Mason Lewis |
3
December 1800: |
Colonel
- James Lumsdaine |
1
September 1795: |
Lt
Col John Fraser |
3
January 1802: |
Lt
Col George Vigoreux |
1
September 1795: |
Major
John Wilbar Cook |
The original Garrison Battalions were
raised from 1802 onwards to provide home-based units to release regular
battalions from garrison duty, therefore freeing them for overseas service.
The
first seven Garrison Battalions were re-titled ‘Royal Veteran Battalions’ in
July 1804, and new Garrison Battalions were formed out of Battalions of Reserve
(see Parts Two and Three).
1st Royal
Veteran Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
1802-1804
– 1st Royal Garrison Battalion
1804-1816
– 1st Royal Veteran Battalion |
Regimental
History
1802: |
25
December – raised at Portsmouth |
1803: |
Portsmouth |
1804: |
Portsmouth |
1805: |
Portsmouth;
May - Gibraltar |
1806: |
Gibraltar |
1807: |
Gibraltar |
1808: |
Gibraltar |
1809: |
Gibraltar |
1810: |
Gibraltar;
April – to England; June - Landguard Fort |
1811: |
Landguard
Fort and Harwich |
1812: |
Landguard
Fort |
1813: |
Landguard
Fort; December – to Holland |
1814: |
Holland;
June – to England; 12 July – disbanded at Harwich |
1815: |
8
August – re-formed at Plymouth |
1816: |
31
May – disbanded at Plymouth. |
Senior Officers
25
December 1802: |
Colonel
– William Edmeston |
30
June 1804: |
Colonel
– James Stewart |
25
December 1802: |
Lt
Col Alexander Mair |
1
August 1811: |
Lt
Col Charles Augustus West |
25
December 1802: |
Major
Charles Leigh |
18
April 1805: |
Major
Thomas Fortye |
9
April 1807: |
Major
Simon Fraser |
7
July 1815: |
Major
Alexander Rose |
2nd Royal
Veteran Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
1802-1804
– 2nd Royal Garrison Battalion
1804-1816
– 2nd Royal Veteran Battalion |
Regimental
History
1802: |
25
December – raised at Plymouth |
1803: |
Plymouth |
1804: |
Plymouth |
1805: |
Plymouth |
1806: |
Plymouth; December – detachment of 66
men to New South Wales Corps |
1807: |
Plymouth |
1808: |
Plymouth |
1809: |
Plymouth;
July – 9 companies on Madeira; invalid company at Plymouth |
1810: |
Madeira |
1811: |
Madeira |
1812: |
Madeira |
1813: |
Madeira |
1814: |
Madeira;
24 September – invalid company disbanded at Plymouth |
1815: |
20
January – remaining 9 companies disbanded at London; June – 4 companies of
8th Royal Veteran Battalion on Heligoland ordered to form nucleus of new 2nd
Royal Veteran Battalion; August – 6 new companies raised at Harwich; November
– Heligoland companies united with Harwich companies |
1816: |
24
May – disbanded at Harwich. |
Senior Officers
25
December 1802: |
Colonel
– David Home |
22
February 1810: |
Colonel
– Anthony Lewis Layard |
1815: |
Colonel
– John Watson Tadwell Watson |
25
December 1802: |
Lt
Col George Vigoureux |
25
December 1802: |
Major
Henry Bowen |
22
May 1806: |
Major
William White |
3rd Royal
Veteran Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
1802-1804
– 3rd Royal Garrison Battalion
1804-1816
– 3rd Royal Veteran Battalion |
Regimental
History
1802: |
25
December – raised on Jersey |
1803: |
Jersey |
1804: |
Jersey |
1805: |
Jersey |
1806: |
Jersey |
1807: |
Jersey |
1808: |
Jersey |
1809: |
Jersey |
1810: |
Jersey |
1811: |
Jersey |
1812: |
Jersey |
1813: |
Jersey |
1814: |
Jersey;
15 July – disbanded at Chelsea |
1815: |
June
– 2 companies of both the 6th and 9th Royal Veteran Battalions used to form
new 3rd Royal Veteran Battalion at Edinburgh |
1816: |
May
– disbanded at Edinburgh. |
Senior Officers
25
December 1802: |
Colonel
– James Lumsdaine |
14
May 1807: |
Colonel
– William Maxwell |
1815: |
Colonel
- Sir Paulus Æmilius Irving, Bt. |
25
December 1802: |
Lt
Col John West |
25
December 1802: |
Major
William West |
13
June 1805: |
Major
John Grant |
31
December 1807: |
Major
Richard Augustus Wyvill |
17
March 1814: |
Major
Robert Browne |
4th Royal
Veteran Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
1802-1804
– 4th Royal Garrison Battalion
1804-1814
– 4th Royal Veteran Battalion |
Regimental
History
1802: |
25
December – raised in Ireland |
1803: |
Ireland |
1804: |
Ireland |
1805: |
Ireland |
1806: |
Ireland;
December – detachment of 36 men to New South Wales Corps |
1807: |
Ireland |
1808: |
Ireland;
Cork; 25 June – transferred 200 unfit men to new 12th Royal Veteran
Battalion; to Portugal; August - Gibraltar |
1809: |
Gibraltar |
1810: |
Gibraltar |
1811: |
Gibraltar |
1812: |
Gibraltar |
1813: |
Gibraltar |
1814: |
Gibraltar;
24 September – disbanded at Deptford. |
Senior Officers
25
December 1802: |
Colonel
– Grice Blakeney |
25
December 1802: |
Lt
Col Peter Daly |
25
December 1802: |
Major
Robert Browne |
17
March 1814: |
Major
E Cornwallis Moncrieffe |
5th Royal
Veteran Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
1802-1804
– 5th Royal Garrison Battalion
1804-1816
– 5th Royal Veteran Battalion |
Regimental
History
1802: |
25
December – raised on Guernsey |
1803: |
Guernsey |
1804: |
Guernsey |
1805: |
7
companies on Guernsey; 3 companies on Alderney |
1806: |
6
companies on Guernsey; 4 companies on Alderney |
1807: |
6
companies on Guernsey; 4 companies on Alderney |
1808: |
9
companies on Guernsey; 1 company on Alderney |
1809: |
9
companies on Guernsey; 1 company on Alderney |
1810: |
Guernsey |
1811: |
Guernsey |
1812: |
Guernsey |
1813: |
Guernsey |
1814: |
Guernsey;
26 July – disbanded at Chelsea |
1815: |
June
– 3 companies of 11th Royal Veteran Battalion used to form nucleus of new 5th
Royal Veteran Battalion |
1816: |
Tower
of London; June – disbanded at Deptford. |
Senior Officers
25
December 1802: |
Colonel
– Charles Horneck |
16
April 1804: |
Colonel
– Hon. Francis Needham |
25
June 1810: |
Colonel
– John Manners Kerr |
1815: |
Colonel
– Andrew John Drummond |
25
December 1802: |
Lt
Col John Wilbar Cooke |
17
May 1803: |
Lt
Col William Swinburne |
5
February 1807: |
Lt
Col Henry LeBlanc |
25
May 1815: |
Lt
Col Henry Powlett |
25
December 1802: |
Major
Robert McCrea |
29
June 1815: |
Major
Augustine Fitzgerald |
6th Royal
Veteran Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
1802-1804
– 6th (Royal North British) Garrison Battalion
1804-1814
– 6th (Royal North British) Veteran Battalion |
Regimental
History
1802: |
25
December – raised in Scotland from Scots veterans |
1803: |
Scotland;
11 February – styled Royal North British |
1804: |
Scotland |
1805: |
Scotland |
1806: |
Scotland |
1807: |
Fort
George |
1808: |
Fort
George |
1809: |
Fort
George |
1810: |
Fort
George |
1811: |
Fort
George, Fort Charlotte, Fort Augustus |
1812: |
Scotland |
1813: |
Scotland |
1814: |
Scotland;
28 July – 8 companies disbanded at Fort George; 2 companies used to form new
3rd Royal Veteran Battalion |
1815: |
Re-raised
in Ireland using officers and men from 12th Royal Veteran Battalion |
1816: |
24
May – disbanded at Cork. |
Senior Officers
25
December 1802: |
Colonel
- Sir Paulus Æmilius Irving, Bt. |
31
March 1803: |
Lt
Col Hon. William Grey |
1
August 1811: |
Lt
Col Alexander |
25
December 1802: |
Major
James Rose |
25
September 1804: |
Major
Simon Fraser |
9
April 1807: |
Major
Thomas Fortye |
25
April 1815: |
Major
William Collis |
7th Royal
Veteran Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
1802-1804
– 7th Royal Garrison Battalion
1804-1814
– 7th Royal Veteran Battalion |
Regimental
History
1802: |
25
December – raised at Fulham from cavalry and Foot Guards veterans |
1803: |
Tower
of London |
1804: |
Tower
of London |
1805: |
Tower
of London |
1806: |
Tower
of London |
1807: |
Tower
of London: April – 500 men transferred to form new 11th Royal Veteran
Battalion |
1808: |
Tower
of London |
1809: |
Tower
of London; detachment to Walcheren |
1810: |
Tower
of London: September - Gibraltar |
1811: |
Gibraltar |
1812: |
Gibraltar |
1813: |
Gibraltar |
1814: |
Gibraltar;
17 August – disbanded at Chelsea. |
Senior Officers
25
December 1802: |
Colonel
– Thomas Murray |
25
December 1802: |
Lt
Col William Swinburne |
17
May 1803: |
Lt
Col John Wilbar Cooke |
1
August 1811: |
Lt
Col Hon. William Grey |
25
December 1802: |
Major
Hugh Lord |
16
May 1805: |
Major
Archibald Christie |
25
April 1807: |
Major
Martin Alves |
27
December 1810: |
Major
James Jonathan Fraser |
8th Royal
Veteran Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
1802-1804
– 8th Royal Garrison Battalion
1804-1816
– 8th Royal Veteran Battalion |
Regimental
History
1804: |
25
December – raised at Fulham |
1805: |
Fulham;
April - Portsmouth |
1806: |
Portsmouth |
1807: |
Cumberland
Fort; October - 4 companies to Heligoland |
1808: |
Cumberland
Fort; 4 companies on Heligoland |
1809: |
Cumberland
Fort; 4 companies on Heligoland |
1810: |
Cumberland
Fort; 4 companies on Heligoland |
1811: |
Cumberland
Fort; 4 companies on Heligoland |
1812: |
Cumberland
Fort; 4 companies on Heligoland |
1813: |
Cumberland
Fort; 4 companies on Heligoland |
1814: |
10
July – 6 companies disbanded at Portsmouth |
1815: |
June
– remaining 4 companies transferred to new 2nd Royal Veteran Battalion; new
8th Royal Veteran Battalion formed from fit out-pensioners at Chelsea
Hospital; Deptford; Jersey |
1816: |
Jersey;
3 June – disbanded at Portsmouth. |
Senior Officers
1
January 1805: |
Colonel
– John Watson Tadwell Watson |
15
June 1815: |
Colonel
– Alexander Mair |
1
August 1805: |
Lt
Col Robert Walker |
25
October 1805: |
Lt
Col William Osborne Hamilton |
31
August 1815: |
Lt
Col Andrew Coghlan |
12
January 1805: |
Major
Archibald Christie |
15
August 1805: |
Major
William Morris |
10
September 1812: |
Major
Clark Caldwell |
25
May 1815: |
Major
John Williamson |
9th Royal
Veteran Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
1802-1804
– 9th Royal Garrison Battalion
1804-1816
– 9th Royal Veteran Battalion |
Regimental
History
1805: |
25
April raised at Edinburgh |
1806: |
Edinburgh
Castle |
1807: |
Edinburgh
Castle |
1808: |
Edinburgh
Castle |
1809: |
Edinburgh
Castle |
1810: |
Edinburgh
Castle |
1811: |
Edinburgh
Castle; 2 companies on Orkney and Shetland Isles |
1812: |
Edinburgh
Castle; 2 companies on Orkney and Shetland Isles |
1813: |
Edinburgh
Castle; 2 companies on Orkney and Shetland Isles |
1814: |
Edinburgh
Castle; July/August – 8 companies disbanded at Edinburgh; remaining 2
companies on Isles used to form new 3rd Royal Veteran Battalion. |
Senior Officers
21
March 1805: |
Colonel
– Colin Mackenzie |
1
August 1805: |
Lt
Col William Osborne Hamilton |
25
October 1805: |
Lt
Col Robert Walker |
9
September 1813: |
Lt
Col Archibald McDonnell |
21
March 1805: |
Major
John Grant |
13
June 1805: |
Major
William West |
4
October 1810: |
Major
Alexander Rose |
10th (4th) Royal
Veteran Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
June
1815 – 4th Royal Veteran Battalion |
Regimental
History
1806: |
25
December – formed on Isle of Wight from volunteers of other Veteran
Battalions for service in North America |
1807: |
Hilsea;
March – to Canada; August - Quebec |
1808: |
Quebec |
1809: |
Quebec |
1810: |
Quebec |
1811: |
Quebec;
Fort St Joseph |
1812: |
Fort
Michilimackinac; western frontier |
1813: |
Quebec |
1814: |
Quebec;
August – 4 companies to Cape Breton and Prince Edward Island |
1815: |
Quebec;
June – re-numbered 4th Royal Veteran Battalion; September – 4 companies
returned |
1816: |
Quebec;
24 September – disbanded at Quebec. Many veterans stayed in Canada as settlers;
10 November – ship containing families returning to England wrecked and 143
drowned. |
Senior Officers
25
December 1806: |
Colonel
– Lowther, Lord Muncaster |
8
January 1807: |
Lt
Col Henry Zouch |
18
November 1813: |
Lt
Col Donald Macpherson |
25
December 1806: |
Major
Donald Macpherson |
18
November 1813: |
Major
George Miles Milnes |
11th Royal
Veteran Battalion
Regimental
History
1807: |
25
April – formed from 5 companies of 7th Royal Veteran Battalion; May -
Guernsey |
1808: |
Guernsey;
April – Portsmouth; August – Winchelsea |
1809: |
Bexhill
and Winchelsea |
1810: |
Bexhill
and Winchelsea |
1811: |
Winchelsea;
3 companies on Isle of Man |
1812: |
Winchelsea;
3 companies on Isle of Man; August – 3 companies on Anholt |
1813: |
April
– Hythe; 3 companies on Isle of Man; 3 companies on Anholt |
1814: |
August
– 4 companies disbanded at Hythe; 2 November – 3 companies from Anholt
disbanded at Chelsea |
1815: |
June
- remaining 3 companies on Isle of Man transferred to new 5th Royal Veteran
Battalion. |
Senior Officers
25
April 1807: |
Colonel
– Andrew John Drummond |
21
May 1807: |
Lt
Col Archibald Christie |
5
September 1811: |
Lt
Col Henry Powlett |
25
September 1807: |
Major
Thomas Berkeley Campbell |
12th Royal
Veteran Battalion
Regimental
History
1808: |
25
June – formed at Cork from 200 men from 4th Royal Veteran Battalion unfit for
foreign service |
1809: |
Ireland |
1810: |
Ireland |
1811: |
Ireland |
1812: |
Ireland |
1813: |
Ireland |
1814: |
Ireland;
June – disbanded in Ireland. |
Senior Officers
25
June 1808: |
Colonel
– John Despard |
31
August 1809: |
Colonel
– George Benson |
28
December 1809: |
Lt
Col Henry Powlett |
5
September 1811: |
Lt
Col Archibald Christie |
14
July 1808: |
Major
William Collis |
13th (7th) Royal
Veteran Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
June
1815 – 7th Royal Veteran Battalion |
Regimental
History
1813: |
25
March - raised at Lisbon from Peninsula War invalids |
1814: |
Portugal;
Lisbon |
1815: |
February
– England; April – Belgium; Ostend; June – re-numbered as 7th Royal Veteran
Battalion |
1816: |
March
– England; Sheerness; 24 May - disbanded at Chelsea |
Senior Officers
19
November 1812: |
Colonel
– William Raymond |
25
January 1813: |
Lt
Col Archibald McDonnell |
21
October 1813: |
Lt
Col Robert Haly Burton |
25
January 1813: |
Major
George Langlands |
26
October 1815: |
Major
P D Fellowes |
Part Two – Battalions of Reserve
1803-1805
Battalions of Reserve were raised on 9
July 1803 under the Additional Forces Act, which required 50,000 men to be
raised for five year’s service within the United Kingdom only. Enlistment was
by ballot although substitutes were allowed. They were placed on the
Establishment on 25 December 1803.
1st Battalion of
Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July - raised
at Chatham using volunteers from City of London, Middlesex and Tower Hamlets |
1804: |
Jersey;
30 October - became 1st Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Jersey;
24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 2nd Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- John Leveson-Gower |
22
October 1803: |
Colonel
- Hildebrand Oakes |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col Samuel Gibbs |
17
September 1803: |
Lt
Col William Henry Beckwith |
14
November 1804: |
Lt
Col Henry Cuyler |
9
July 1803: |
Major
Daniel Francis Blommart |
13
October 1804: |
Major
John Tuffnell |
2nd Battalion of
Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised in Ireland using Irish volunteers |
1804: |
March
- Scotland; 30 October - became 2nd Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Scotland;
24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 2nd Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- Robert, Earl of Roden |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col Charles Strickland |
9
July 1803: |
Major
Edward Michael Ryan, Kt. |
3rd Battalion of
Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
at Nottingham using volunteers from Derbyshire, Lincolnshire,
Nottinghamshire, Rutlandshire & Staffordshire; December - Bristol |
1804: |
Bristol;
30 October - became 3rd Garrison Battalion; November - Milford |
1805: |
Milford;
24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 3rd Garrison Battalion, many
officers going to 59th Foot. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- Hon. William Lumley |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col Duncan Macdonald |
9
July 1803: |
Major
Nathaniel Webb |
4th Battalion of
Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
at Chelmsford using volunteers from Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire,
Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Leicestershire,
Northamptonshire & Oxfordshire |
1804: |
Normans
Cross; 30 October - became 4th Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Normans
Cross; 24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 1st Garrison Battalion, many
officers going to 14th Foot. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- John Coape Sherbrooke |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col Christopher Jeaffreson |
22
December 1803: |
Major
William Osborne Hamilton |
5th Battalion of
Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
at Stirling using volunteers from Northumberland and Scottish Lowlands;
November - Ayr |
1804: |
February
– Liverpool; July – Nottingham; August – Lichfield; 30 October - became 5th
Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
24
February - disbanded, men sent to new 1st Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- Hon. Thomas Maitland |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col John Wilson |
28
August 1804: |
Lt
Col Frederick Adam |
9
July 1803: |
Major
Frederick Adam |
9
September 1804: |
Major
Samuel Taylor Popham |
6th Battalion of
Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
at Monmouth using volunteers from Anglesea, Breconshire, Caernarvonshire,
Cardiganshire, Carmarthenshire, Denbighshire, Flintshire, Glamorgan,
Herefordshire, Merionethshire, Monmouthshire, Pembrokeshire & Radnorshire |
1804: |
January
– Guernsey; October – Alderney; 30 October - became 6th Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
24
February - disbanded, men sent to new 1st Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- James Durham |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col John Smith |
9
July 1803: |
Major
William Morton Pleydell |
7th Battalion of
Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – Reserve raised at Colchester using volunteers from Essex, Norfolk and Sussex |
1804: |
Normans
Cross; 30 October - became 7th Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Normans
Cross; 24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 2nd Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- John Robinson |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col John Timms Hervey Elwes |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col Thomas Hockley |
12
October 1804: |
Lt
Col Hampson Prevost Thomas |
8th Battalion of
Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
at Manchester using volunteers from Cumberland, Lancashire & Westmoreland |
1804: |
Ireland;
30 October - became 8th Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Ireland;
24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 3rd Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- Robert Dudley Blake |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col John Irving |
9
July 1803: |
Major
George Molle |
2
January 1804: |
Major
Thomas Bodkin |
25
June 1804: |
Major
Henry Craufurd |
14
September 1804: |
Major
James Magrath |
19
October 1804: |
Major
George Marlay |
9th Battalion of
Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
at Worcester using volunteers from Cheshire, Shropshire, Warwickshire &
Worcestershire |
1804: |
Ireland;
30 October - became 9th Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Ireland;
24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 3rd Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- William, Earl of Craven |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col William Grant |
15
October 1803: |
Lt
Col Matthew Jenour |
9
July 1803: |
Major
William Doyle |
7
September 1804: |
Major
Alexander Chaplin |
10th Battalion
of Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
at Plymouth using volunteers from Cornwall, Devonshire & Somerset |
1804: |
Devon
and Somerset; 30 October - became 10th Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Devon
and Somerset; 24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 3rd Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
27
August 1803: |
Colonel
- John Leveson-Gower |
17
September 1803: |
Lt
Col John Byne Skerrett |
16
January 1804: |
Lt
Col Robert Garden |
1
December 1804: |
Lt
Col William Augustus Prevost |
9
July 1803: |
Major
Donald Campbell |
1
September 1804: |
Major
James Guthrie |
11th Battalion
of Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
at Ashford using volunteers from Kent, Surrey & Sussex; November -
Sheerness |
1804: |
Sheerness;
30 October - became 11th Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Sheerness;
24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 2nd Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- Hon. John Broderick |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col Randolph Marriott |
28
August 1804: |
Lt
Col Alexander Wallace |
9
July 1803: |
Major
Montague Thorley |
3
February 1804: |
Major
William Iremonger |
19
September 1804: |
Major
John Ross |
12th Battalion
of Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
at Winchester using volunteers from Berkshire, Dorsetshire, Gloucestershire, Hampshire,
Isle of Wight & Wiltshire |
1804: |
Isle
of Wight and Portsmouth; 30 October - became 12th Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Isle
of Wight and Portsmouth; 24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 1st
Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- George Henry Vansittart |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col Samuel Gibbs |
29
? 1804: |
Lt
Col William Needham |
9
July 1803: |
Major
Zachariah Hall |
31
December 1803: |
Major
Robert Hamilton |
13th Battalion
of Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
in Ireland from Irish volunteers |
1804: |
Ireland;
30 October - became 13th Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Ireland;
24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 1st Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- James Leith |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col John Crougey |
9
July 1803: |
Major
William Alexander |
14th Battalion
of Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised at Fort George using volunteers from Scottish Highlands;
October – Dundee; December - Ayr |
1804: |
Ayr;
October – Colchester; 30 October - became 14th Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Colchester;
24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 2nd Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- Sir William Erskine, Bt. |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col William Grant |
9
July 1803: |
Major
Alexander Gordon |
1
September 1804: |
Major
Daniel Coloquhoun |
23
November 1804: |
Major
Hon. Hugh Arbuthnot |
15th Battalion
of Reserve
Secondary
Titles: |
4
November 1804 – 15th (or York) Battalion of Reserve |
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
at Sunderland on 21 July 1803, using volunteers from Yorkshire; November –
Durham |
1804: |
January
– Berwick; September – Landguard Fort; 30 October - became 15th Garrison
Battalion |
1805: |
January
– Woodbridge; 24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 1st Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- Hon. George Chetwynd Stapleton |
9
July 1803: |
Lt
Col John Baldwin |
9
July 1803: |
Major
Joseph Thompson |
16th Battalion
of Reserve
Regimental
History
1803: |
9
July – raised
in Ireland from Irish volunteers |
1804: |
Ireland;
30 October - became 16th Garrison Battalion |
1805: |
Ireland;
24 February - disbanded, men sent to new 3rd Garrison Battalion. |
Senior Officers
9
July 1803: |
Colonel
- Edmund, Earl of Cork |
10
July 1803: |
Lt
Col Andrew Hay |
1
December 1804: |
Lt
Col Hon. John Meade |
9
July 1803: |
Major
William Williams |
26
October 1804: |
Major
Alexander Sharpe |
Part
Three – Garrison Battalions 1805-1816
The new Garrison Battalions were formed
out of Battalions of Reserve on 25 February 1805, and under the same conditions
of service.
This page is only concerned with these
later units; for details of the 1795-1804 formations, refer to Part One.
1st Garrison
Battalion
Regimental
History
1805: |
25
February – raised at Portsmouth using NCOs and men from 4th, 5th, 6th, 12th,
13th and 15th Garrison Battalions (formerly Reserve) |
1806: |
Portsmouth;
December - received limited service personnel from 2/6th, 2/31st, 2/43rd,
2/50th, 2/83rd, 2/88th & 2/90th Foot |
1807: |
February
- Ireland |
1808: |
Ireland |
1809: |
Ireland |
1810: |
Ireland |
1811: |
Ireland |
1812: |
Ireland |
1813: |
Ireland |
1814: |
Ireland;
5 December – disbanded at Cork. |
Senior Officers
25
February 1805: |
Colonel
- George Henry Vansittart |
25
February 1805: |
Lt
Col John Crougey |
22
June 1809: |
Lt
Col Richard Augustus Seymour |
30
August 1810: |
Lt
Col William Alexander |
10
June 1813: |
Lt
Col John Ready |
25
February 1805: |
Maj
William Alexander |
25
February 1805: |
Maj
Robert Hamilton |
30
August 1810: |
Major
John Ready |
11
October 1810: |
Major
Charles Turner |
7
May 1812: |
Major
Robert Johns |
17
June 1813: |
Major
Eugene Nestor |
27
October 1814: |
Major
Henry Oglander |
2nd
Garrison Battalion
Regimental
History
1805: |
25
February – raised at Sheerness using NCOs and men from 1st, 2nd, 7th, 11th
and 14th Garrison Battalions (formerly Reserve) |
1806: |
Sheerness;
December - received limited service personnel from 2/8th, 2/10th, 2/15th, 2/24th,
2/25th, 2/36th, 2/45th, 2/52nd, 2/63rd, 2/72nd and 3/27th Foot |
1807: |
February
- Ireland |
1808: |
Ireland |
1809: |
Ireland |
1810: |
Ireland |
1811: |
Ireland |
1812: |
Ireland |
1813: |
Ireland |
1814: |
Ireland;
5 December – disbanded at Dublin. |
Senior Officers
25
February 1805: |
Colonel
– John Robinson |
2
January 1813: |
Colonel
– George Porter |
12
January 1814: |
Colonel
– Frederick Philipse Robinson |
25
February 1805: |
Lt
Col John Smith |
21
February 1811: |
Lt
Col James Macdonnell |
8
August 1811: |
Lt
Col Montague J Wynyard |
25
February 1805: |
Major
Hampson Prevost Thomas |
25
February 1805: |
Major
Edward Michael Ryan, Kt. |
29
January 1807: |
Major
William Hart |
13
September 1810: |
Major
William Armstrong |
14
April 1814: |
Major
William Lindsay Darling |
3rd (1st)
Garrison Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
November
1814 – 1st Garrison Battalion |
Regimental
History
1805: |
25
February – raised at Plymouth using NCOs and men from 3rd, 8th, 9th, 10th and
16th Garrison Battalions (formerly Reserve) |
1806: |
Pendennis
Castle; December - received limited service personnel from 2/7th, 2/9th, 2/23rd,
2/32nd, 2/38th, 2/59th, 2/62nd, 2/82nd, 2/87th and 2/96th Foot |
1807: |
February
– Ireland |
1808: |
Ireland |
1809: |
Ireland |
1810: |
Ireland |
1811: |
Ireland |
1812: |
Ireland |
1813: |
Ireland;
February – to Mediterranean; April – Malta; many fever deaths |
1814: |
Malta
– Fort Ricasoli; November – renamed 1st Garrison Battalion |
1815: |
Malta
– Fort Ricasoli |
1816: |
Malta
- Cottonera |
1817: |
Malta;
May – disbanded at Valetta. |
Senior Officers
25
February 1805: |
Colonel
– Hon. Thomas Maitland |
19
July 1807: |
Colonel
– James, Lord Forbes |
7
January 1809: |
Colonel
– Rowland Hill |
18
September 1809: |
Colonel
– Baldwin Leighton |
16
May 1805: |
Lt
Col William Needham |
9
May 1805: |
Major
George Stracey Smith |
30
May 1805: |
Major
James Magrath |
2
January 1812: |
Major
Charles Bayley |
21
January 1813: |
Major
Archibald Macdonald |
4th (2nd)
Garrison Battalion
Secondary
Titles: |
November
1814 – 2nd Garrison Battalion |
Regimental
History
1806: |
25
November – raised on Jersey from limited service personnel of 2/3rd, 2/4th, 2/18th,
2/44th, 2/56th, 2/57th, 2/58th and 2/67th Foot |
1807: |
Jersey
and Guernsey |
1808: |
Jersey
and Guernsey |
1809: |
Jersey
and Guernsey |
1810: |
Jersey
and Guernsey |
1811: |
Jersey
and Guernsey |
1812: |
Jersey
and Guernsey |
1813: |
Jersey
and Guernsey; May – 5 companies on Bermuda |
1814: |
Jersey
and Guernsey; 5 companies on Bermuda |
1815: |
5
companies on Bermuda; June – 9 companies to Belgium; Ostend; October –
Bermuda companies in Belgium |
1816: |
January
– Ireland; 25 September – Irishmen discharged at Cork; 24 October – remainder
discharged at Chelsea. |
Senior Officers
25
November 1806: |
Colonel
– Sir Charles Hastings, Bt. |
1
July 1811: |
Colonel
– Sir William Houstoun, K.C.B. |
5
April 1815: |
Colonel
– Sir Henry Torrens, K.C.B. |
27
November 1815: |
Colonel
– Sir Edward Barnes, K.C.B. |
4
December 1806: |
Lt
Col Edward Baynes |
17
September 1807: |
Lt
Col Sir Charles Imhoff, Kt. |
28
May 1812: |
Lt
Col Alexander Lawrence |
4
July 1814: |
Lt
Col Hon. Henry E Butler |
25
November 1806: |
Major
John, Earl of Portalington |
26
November 1806: |
Major
Charles McLeod |
25
February 1808: |
Major
Henry Raleigh Knight |
14
December 1809: |
Major
Ralph Bates |
23
January 1812: |
Major
Carlo Joseph Doyle |
19
March 1812: |
Major
Hon. Henry E Butler |
21
December 1815: |
Major
John G McCulloch |
5th
Garrison Battalion
Regimental
History
1806: |
25
November – raised at Dublin from limited service personnel of 2/26th and 2/42nd
Foot |
1807: |
Ireland |
1808: |
Ireland |
1809: |
Ireland |
1810: |
Ireland |
1811: |
Ireland |
1812: |
Ireland |
1813: |
Ireland |
1814: |
Ireland;
5 December – disbanded at Nenagh. |
Senior Officers
25
November 1806: |
Colonel
– Eyre Power Trench |
25
March 1808: |
Colonel
– Colin Campbell |
10
October 1812: |
Colonel
– Sir Charles Colville, K.C.B. |
25
November 1806: |
Lt
Col James Greaves |
21
May 1807: |
Lt
Col Robert Smyth |
2
November 1809: |
Lt
Col James P Murray |
25
November 1806: |
Major
William Belford |
26
November 1806: |
Major
Nicholas Ramsay |
6th
Garrison Battalion
Regimental
History
1806: |
25
November – raised at Dublin from limited service personnel of 2/28th, 2/39th
and 2/92nd Foot |
1807: |
Ireland |
1808: |
Ireland |
1809: |
Ireland |
1810: |
Ireland |
1811: |
Ireland |
1812: |
Ireland |
1813: |
Ireland |
1814: |
Ireland;
5 December – disbanded at Dublin. |
Senior Officers
25
November 1806: |
Colonel
– Sir George Beckwith, K.B. |
31
August 1809: |
Colonel
- George, Earl of Dalhousie |
21
May 1813: |
Colonel
- Gore Browne |
25
November 1806: |
Lt
Col George Kinnaird Dana |
26
November 1806: |
Major
Charles Crigan |
27
November 1806: |
Major
William Henry Disney |
28
January 1808: |
Major
John Harvey |
25
August 1808: |
Major
John Pringle |
26
December 1811: |
Major
Hon. Arthur Annesley |
1
September 1814: |
Major
Parry Jones Parry |
2
September 1814: |
Major
George W. White |
7th
Garrison Battalion
Regimental
History
1806: |
25
November – raised at Limerick from limited service personnel of 2/53rd, 2/61st and
2/69th Foot |
1807: |
Ireland |
1808: |
Ireland |
1809: |
Ireland |
1810: |
Ireland;
14 March – disbanded in Ireland, officers placed on half-pay of Irish
Establishment 25 June. |
Senior Officers
25
November 1806: |
Colonel
- Patrick Wauchope |
14
June 1807: |
Colonel
- James Drummond |
25
November 1806: |
Lt
Col Henry Powlett |
28
December 1809: |
Lt
Col William Gabriel Davy |
25
November 1806: |
Major
Christopher Vowell |
25
November 1806: |
Major
Richard d’Arcey |
8th
Garrison Battalion
Regimental
History
1806: |
25
November – raised at Birr from limited service personnel of 2/21st, 2/48th, 2/66th
and 2/81st Foot |
1807: |
Ireland |
1808: |
Ireland |
1809: |
Ireland |
1810: |
Ireland;
24 March – disbanded in Ireland, officers placed on half-pay 25 June. |
Senior Officers
25
November 1806: |
Colonel
- Forbes Champagné |
31
August 1809: |
Colonel
- John Despard |
25
November 1806: |
Lt
Col Joseph Gubbins |
22
December 1808: |
Lt
Col Robert Travers |
15
February 1810: |
Lt
Col Patrick Ross |
25
November 1806: |
Major
William Sullivan |
25
November 1806: |
Major
John Welsford |
23
April 1807: |
Major
Samuel Bayley |
8
October 1807: |
Major
Thomas George Fitzgerald |
20
October 1808: |
Major
John Goulston Price Tucker |
9th
Garrison Battalion
Regimental
History
1806: |
25
November – raised at Enniskillen from limited service personnel of 2/28th, 2/30th,
2/47th, 2/48th and 2/71st Foot |
1807: |
Ireland |
1808: |
Ireland;
May – England; December – all limited service men discharged, but after a
large number re-enlisted for general service, taken into the line as 103rd
Regiment of Foot. |
Senior Officers
25
November 1806: |
Colonel
- Brent Spencer |
25
June 1808: |
Colonel
– Sir Samuel Auchmuty |
25
November 1806: |
Lt
Col Benjamin D’Urban |
25
September 1807: |
Lt
Col Samuel Huskisson |
12
May 1808: |
Lt
Col Hercules Scott |
27
November 1806: |
Major
John Grey |
18
December 1806: |
Major
John Gardiner |
28
May 1807: |
Major
William Tol Edwards |
3rd
Garrison Battalion (1815)
Regimental
History
1815: |
11
May – raised from invalids at Plymouth and Portsmouth, together with 200
invalids from Chelsea Hospital; Tower of London; October – 2 companies to
Heligoland |
1816: |
January
– Chatham; 2 companies on Heligoland; 24 September – 8 companies disbanded at
Chatham |
1817: |
11
June – Heligoland companies disbanded at Chatham. |
Senior Officers
25
May 1815: |
Colonel
– John Hodgson |
5
October 1815: |
Lt
Col Hugh Henry |
25
May 1815: |
Major
Hon. Edward Cadogan |
25
May 1815: |
Major
Charles Duke |
6
July 1815: |
Major
Thomas Foster |
Part Four
– Miscellaneous Garrison Companies 1803-1817
Various small garrison units, generally
locally formed and officered from men unfit for active service.
King’s German Legion veteran companies
will be covered under the Foreign Regiments and the Men Who Led Them series.
1st
European Garrison Company, West Indies
Unit
History
1803: |
25
December – formed on Jamaica from Europeans unfit for active service |
1804: |
Jamaica |
1805: |
Jamaica |
1806: |
Jamaica |
1807: |
Jamaica |
1808: |
Jamaica;
March - Barbados |
1809: |
Barbados |
1810: |
Barbados |
1811: |
Barbados |
1812: |
Barbados |
1813: |
Barbados |
1814: |
Barbados;
April - Jamaica |
1815: |
Jamaica |
1816: |
Jamaica |
1817: |
24
June – disbanded on Jamaica. |
Senior Officers
25
April 1804: |
Captain
Clotworthy Dobbyn |
8
June 1805: |
Captain
Benedict Simon |
2nd
European Garrison Company, West Indies
Unit
History
1803: |
25
December – formed on Barbados from Europeans unfit for active service |
1804: |
Barbados |
1805: |
Barbados |
1806: |
Barbados |
1807: |
Barbados |
1808: |
Barbados;
June - Bahamas |
1809: |
Bahamas |
1810: |
Bahamas |
1811: |
Bahamas |
1812: |
Bahamas |
1813: |
Bahamas |
1814: |
Bahamas;
April – Jamaica; disbanded, men drafted into 1st Company, officers and NCOs
into 2nd Black Garrison Company. |
Senior Officers
25
November 1804: |
Captain
John Smith |
1st
Black Garrison Company, West Indies
Unit
History
1813: |
1
August - raised on Jamaica from men of 2nd, 5th and 7th West India Regiments
unfit for active service |
1814: |
Jamaica |
1815: |
Jamaica |
1816: |
Jamaica |
1817: |
24
July –disbanded on Jamaica. |
Senior Officers
31
March 1814: |
Captain
John Blair |
2nd
Black Garrison Company, West Indies
Unit
History
1815: |
25
June - raised at Curacao from unfit men of 5th and 7th West India Regiments
and officers and NCOs of 2nd European Garrison Company |
1816: |
Curacao;
March - Jamaica |
1817: |
24
July –disbanded on Jamaica. |
Senior Officers
25
June 1815: |
Captain
John Smith |
Staff
Garrison Companies
Unit
History
1814: |
25
November – 2 companies formed at Chelsea to provide wardmasters, hospital
attendants and orderlies for depots and RMC |
1815: |
June
- 3rd company formed at Chatham; July - sent to Ostend to provide orderlies
for field army |
1816: |
February
– 3rd Company home; 24 August – disbanded at Chelsea. |
Senior Officers
27
October 1814: |
Captain
Alexander Sutherland |
27
October 1814: |
Captain
Augustus C Mercer |
8
June 1815: |
Captain
Richard P Burnett |
New
South Wales Veteran Company
Unit
History
1810: |
March
– raised in Sydney from men of 102nd Foot (returning home) who were 20 year
veterans with families and willing to settle |
1823: |
Disbanded
at Sydney. |
Senior Officers
5
February 1811: |
Captain
John Brabyn |
Cape
of Good Hope Veteran Company
Unit
History
1813: |
25
August – raised at Cape Town from unfit men serving in units at the Cape of
Good Hope |
1816: |
24
December – disbanded at Cape Town. |
Senior Officers
25
March 1813: |
Captain
Francis Evatt |
Sources:
War
Office. Army Lists 1791 to 1816. London: various years.
White,
A.S. Garrison, Reserve and Veteran Battalions and Companies. Journal of the
Society for Army Historical Research, Vol. XXXVIII, No. 156, December 1960. London: Gale & Polden Limited, 1960.
McKenna,
Michael G. The British Army – And Its Regiments and Battalions. West
Chester, Ohio: The Nafziger Collection. 2004.
Placed on the Napoleon Series: February 2013
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