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War of the 1st Coalition

War of the 1st Coalition

War of the 1st Coalition (with Napoleon's 1st Italian Campaign)

20 april 1792 — 17 october 1797

Comments
The War of the 1st Coalition starts with the French Declaration of War to Austria and Prussia on 20th of april 1792 and ends with the Peace of Campo formio on 17th of october 1797.

The armistice of Cherasco on 27th of april 1796 brings the end of Piedmont’s participation in the war (1st Italian Campaign).

The 1st Coalition War has the following campaigns

  • Campaign in Italy of 1796 & 1797 (Napoleon’s 1st Italian Campaign): 26th of march 1796 until 17th of october 1797 (Peace of Campo formio).
  • Campaign in Holland.

1792/09/20
Battle of Valmy
French victory

France Prussia/Austria
Dumouriez/Kellermann Brunswick
Troops: 59000 (11), 50000 (12) 35000 (11&12)
Losses: Total 300 (11), <200 (12) Total 184 (11), 300 (12)

Comments
Retreat of the Prussian troops. The Revolution Army occupies the left bank of the river Rhine.


1792/11/06
Battle of Jemappes
French victory

France Austria
Dumouriez Albrecht
Troops: 40000 (11&12) 13000 (11), 14000 (12)
Losses: Total 4000 (11) Total 1241 (11)

Comments
Occupation of the Austrian Netherlands (Belgium).


1793/02/23
Combat of La Maddalena
Sardinian victory

France Sardinia
Napoleon/Quenzas

 


1793/03/02
Battle of Hongen
? victory

France Austria
Losses: Total 2000 (11) Total 40 (11)

 


1793/03/18
Battle of Neerwinden
Austrian victory

France Austria
Dumouriez von Saxen-Coburg
Troops: 41000 (11), 45000 (12) 39000 (11&12)
Losses: Total: >4000 (11), 4000 (12) Total: <3000 (11)

 


1793/03/03 – 1793/03/05
Battle of Swalmen
Prussian/Austrian victory

France Prussia/Austria
Lamarlière/Champmorin Brunswick/vonWentheim

 


1793/05/21 – 1793/05/23
Battle of Valenciennes
Allied(Austrian) victory

France Allies(Austria)
Custine VonSaxen-Coburg

 


1793/05/24 – 1793/08/01
Siege of Valenciennes
Austrian/British/Hanoverian victory

France Allies(Austria/Britain/Hanover)
Custine Von Saxen-Coburg
Troups: 9500 (12) 30000 (12)
Losses: Total 4500 (12) Total 1750 (12)

Comments
The French were the besieged
Some sources claim the end of the siege to be on the 1793/07/28.


1793/06/07 – 1793/06/09
Battle of Arlon
French victory

France Austria
Troops: 12000 (11) 7000 (11)
Losses: Total 1000 (11) Total 550 (11)

 


1793/08/27 – 1793/12/19
Siege of Toulon
Republican France victory

Republican France Royalists/Britain/Spain/Naples/Piedmont
Carteaux/Doppet/Dugommier Hood/O’Hara

Comments
Toulon and the French Mediterranean fleet surrenders to the British fleet under Admiral Hood on 1793/08/24.
On 1793/12/19 Toulon falls to the Revolutionary French. In the confusion the french fleet suffers very heavy losses.
On 1793/12/14 Napoleons well known assaults on two of the harbour protecting forts succeeded.
Some sources claim the start of the siege to be on the 1793/09/07.
Some 10’000 Royalists were evacuated from Toulon when the Allies abandoned the City.


1793/08/29
Battle of Bolcaire
? victory

France Spain
Losses: Total 150 (11) Total 360 (11)

 


1793/09/06 – 1793/09/08
Battle of Hondschoote
French victory

France Britain/Hanover/Hessia
Houchard Duke of York
Troops: 24000 (11) 16000 (11)
Losses: Total <2500 (11) Total 2500 (11)

Comments
This has to be seen in connection with the siege of Dunkirk of the period. With this battle Houchard relieved the besieged French. At Hondschoote there were especially the Hanoverian troops of York’s army (35’000 strong) present. Houchard had a total of 50’000 (Army of the North) to his disposal during these days on campaign.


1793/09/13
Battle of Menin
French victory

France Holland
Houchard Prince of Orange
Troups: 40000 (12) 20000 (12)

Comments
Shortly afterwards Houchards troops failed to defeat the Austrians further east of Menin and he was removed from command and executed.


1793/09/14
Battle of Pirmasens
Prussian victory

France Prussia
Duke of Brunsick
Troops: 12000 (11&12) 12000 (11)
Losses: Total 3000 (11), 4000 (12) Total 168 (11)

 


1793/10/15 – 1793/10/17
Battle of Wattignies
French victory

France Austria
Jourdan von Saxen-Coburg
Troups: 45000 (11&12) 22000 (11)
Losses: Total “heavy” (12) Total 2500 (11)

Comments
This french victory relieved also the by the Austrians besieged Maubeuge.


1793/10/29
Battle of Marchiennes
? victory

France Austria
Losses: Total 2000 (11) Total 100 (11)

 


1793/11/28 – 1793/11/30
Battle of Kaiserslautern
undecided

France Prussia
Hoche Brunswick
Troops: 35000 (11), 30000 (12) 23000 (11)
Losses: Total 3000 (11&12) Total 800 (11), 1300 (12)

Comments
Some sources claim this to be a Prussian victory.


1793/12/07
Battle of Montesquiou
? victory

France Spain
Losses: Total 1238 (11) Total 48 (11)

 


1793/12/22
Battle of Fröschwiller
French victory

France Prussia
Hoche Brunswick

 


1793/12/26
Battle of Geisberg
French victory

France Austria
Hoche Würmser

 


1794/04/24
Engagement of Villers-en-Cauchies
Allied victory

France Allies(Austria/Britain)
Chappuis Ott
Losses: Total 1200 (12)

 


1794/04/26
Battle of Beaumont-en Cabresis
Allied victory

France Allies(Austria/Britain)
Pichegru
Troops: 22000 (11) 10000 (11)
Losses: Total 7000 (11), 3200 (12) Total 1500 (11), 500 (12)

 


1794/04/30
Battle of Maureillas
? victory

France Spain
Losses: KIA 10 (11) Total 3000 (11)

 


1794/05/17 – 1794/05/18
Battle of Tourcoing
French victory

France Allies(Austria/Britain/Hanover)
Souham von Saxen-Coburg/Duke of York
Troups: 62000 (11), 60000 (12) 62000 (11), 73000 (12)

 


1794/05/22
Battle of Tournai
Allied victory

France Allies
Pichegru
Troops: 62000 (12)
Losses: Total 6000 (12) Total 4000 (12)

 


1794/06/16
Engagement at Charleroi (or vicinity?)
Allied(Austrian) victory

France Austria(Allies)
Jourdan
Troups: 75000 (12)

 


1794/06/19 – 1794/06/25
Siege of Charleroi
French victory

France Austria
Hatry Reinach

Comments
The Austrians were the besieged


1794/06/26
Battle of Fleurus
French victory

France Allies(Austria/Holland)
Jourdan Von Saxen-Coburg
Troups: 70000 (11) 52000 (11)
Losses: Total 2286 (aprox.) (11), 7000 (12) Total 2286 (exact) (11), 10000 (12)

Comments
The losses indicated in (12, page 67) have probably to be seen in connection with the whole action around Charleroi during this day (not only at Fleurus).


1794/07/12 – 1794/07/18
Battle of Bilbao
French victory

France Spain
Moncey/Dessein Crespo

Comments
May be the same action as the battle of Irurzon


1794/11/17 – 1794/11/20
Battle of Montagne Noir
French victory

France Spain
Dugommier/ Perignon La Union

Comments
Dugommier was killed on the 17th
La Union was killed on the 20th.


1795/09/21
1st Battle of Dego
French victory

France Austria
Napoleon

 


1795/10/29
Battle of Mainz
Austrian Victory

France Austria
Schaal Clerfayt

 


1795/11/23 – 1795/11/24
Battle of Loano
French victory

France Austria/Sardinia
Scherer Devins
Losses: Total 1700 (11) Total 5500 (11)

 


1796/04/10
Action of Voltri
Austrian victory

France Austria
Cervoni Beaulieu

 


1796/04/12
Battle of Montenotte
French victory

France Austria
Napoleon Argenteau
Troops: 40000 (11), 9000 (12) 55000 (11), 6000 (12)
Losses: Total 2500 (12)

 


1796/04/14
Battle of Millesimo
French victory

France Austria/Piedmont/Sardinia
Menard (Augereau (Napoleon)) Beaulieu

 


1796/04/14 – 1796/04/15
2nd Battle of Dego
French victory

France Austria/Sardinia/Piedmont
Massena/Laharpe(Napoleon) Wukassovitch/Beaulieu

 


1796/04/16 – 1796/04/17
Battle of Ceva
French victory

France Austria/Piedmont
Augerau(Napoleon) Colli
Troops: 2nd day 24000 (12) 6500 (3), 13000 (12)
Losses: Total 600 (3)

Comments
The first day saw a victory of the Austrians/Piedmontese
La Union was killed on the 20th.


1796/04/21
Battle of Mondovi
French victory

France Piedmont/Sardinia
Serurier (Napoleon) Colli
Troups: 25000 (12) 13000 (12)

 


1796/05/08
Combat of Fombio
French victory

France Austria
Laharpe/Dallemagne Liptay

 


1796/05/10
Battle of Lodi
French victory

France Austria
Napoleon Sebottendorf (Beaulieu)
Troups: 30000 (11) 10000 (11), 8500 (12)
Losses: Total 1000 (12) Prisoners 2000 (12)

Comments
According to “Warfare and Armed Conflicts” by Michael Clodfelter it was in this action where Napoleon earned his nickname “Le Petit Caporal.”
And according to several sources, Napoleon later said that it was Lodi that made him certain he could be a man of high destiny.


1796/05/30
Battle of Borghetto
French victory

France Austria
Napoleon Beaulieu
Troups: 19000 (12)
Losses: “Little” (12)

 


1796/06/04 – 1797/02/02
Siege of Mantua
French victory

France Austria
Masséna/Kilmaine/d’Allemagne/Dumas d’Iries/Würmser
Troups: Beginning 13000 (12)
End 16000 (12)

Comments
From 1796/09/13 on Würmser were in comand of the besieged Austrians
Full name of Austrian Commander: Campo d’Iries
The Austrians were the besieged
The Austrians under Würmser managed to bring approximately an additional 14000 troops into the city during the siege.


1796/06/15 – 1796/06/16
Battle of Wetzlar (Wetzlau)
Austrian victory

France Austria
Jourdan Archduke Charles

 


1796/07/09
Battle of Malsch
undecided

France Austria
Moreau Archduke Charles

Comments
Some sources claim this battle as a french victory (probably because as a result of the battle Archduke Charles was afterwards pressured back over the Danube).


1796/08/05 – 1796/08/06
Battle of Lonato
French victory

France Austria
Napoleon Würmser

Comments
Some sources show the following commanders: F: Herbin/Despinois(Napoleon); A: Knorr.


1796/08/05
Battle of Castiglione
French victory

France Austria
Napoleon Würmser
Troops: 27500 – 30000 (1), 28000 (11) 25000 (1&11)
Losses: Total 1500 (1), 1500 (12) Total 3000 (1)
KIA&WIA 2000 (12)
Prisoners 1000 (12)

 


1796/08/11
Battle of Neresheim
French victory

France Austria
Moreau Latour(Archduke Charles)
Troups: 50000 (11), 65000 (12) 48000 (11), 56000 (12)
Losses: Total 3000 (12) Total 3000 (12)

Comments
Some sources claim this to be an undecided battle.


1796/08/24
Battle of Amberg
Austrian victory

France Austria
Jourdan Archduke Charles/Wartensleben
Troups: 45000 (11&12) 48000 (11), 61000 (12)
Losses: Total 2000 (12) Total 2000 (12)

 


1796/08/24
Battle of Friedberg
French victory

France Austria
Moreau Lataour

 


1796/09/03
Battle of Würzburg
Austrian victory

France Austria
Jourdan Archduke Charles
Troups: 30000 (11) 44000 (11), 60000 (12)
Losses: Total 5800 (11) Total 1469 (11)

Comments
Another action between Jourdan and Archduke Charles at Würzbur took place on the 1796/09/16: Also Austrian victory.


1796/09/04
Battle of Roveredo
French victory

France Austria
Masséna Davidovich
Troops: 10000 (12) 14000 (12)
Losses: Prisoners 6000 (12)

 


1796/09/05
Battle of Caliano
French victory

France Austria
Vaubois Davidovich

 


1796/09/08
Battle of Bassano
French victory

France Austria
Napoleon Würmser
Troops: 22000 (12)
Losses: Prisoners 4000 (12)

 


1796/10/02
Battle of Biberach
French victory

France Austria
Moreau Archduke Charles
Losses: Total 5000 (12)

 


1796/11/12
Battle of Caldiero
Austrian victory

France Austria
Napoleon Alvintzy
Troups: 30000 (11) 37000 (11), 28000 (12)

Comments
First defeat of Napoleon where he personally has the lead.


1796/11/15 – 1796/11/17
Battle of Arcole
French victory

France Austria
Napoleon Alvintzy
Troops: 1st day 15000 (1)
2nd day 17000 (1)
3rd day 20000 (1)
20000 (11)
1st day 3000-9000 (1)
2nd day 12000 (1)
3rd day 17000 (1)
17000 (11)
Losses: Total 4600 (3), 4500 (1&12) Total >6000 (3), 7000 (1), 7000 (12)

 


1797/01/14 – 1797/01/15
Battle of Rivoli
French victory

France Austria
Napoleon Alvintzy
Troops: 1st day 10000-20500 (1)
2nd day 14000 (1)
21000 (11)
1st day 12000-28000 (1)
2nd day 20000 (1)
28000 (11)
Losses: Total 5000 (1) Total 14000 (1)

 


1797/01/16
Battle of La Favorita
French victory

France Austria
Augerau/Masséna Provera

 


1797/03/23
Battle of Malborghetto
French victory

France Austria
Masséna Archduke Charles

 


1797/04/18
Battle of Neuweid (Lahn)
French victory

France Austria
Hoche Werneck
Losses: Total 5000 (12)

 


Contact Martin Liechty for any information about these pages.